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The level of blood sugar is an improtant indicator used in the diagnosis and management of diabetes mellitus. In this respect, polarimeter and blood sugar detector were conventionally and generally used in hospitals; However, the former one is already obsolete; the latter one is invasive. In this paper, the development of a novel noninvasive blood-sugar detector is described. The experiment indicate that this detector is nonivasive, safe, fast, and easy to operate, and it can be of wide application.
Subject(s)
Humans , Blood Glucose , Diabetes Mellitus , Blood , Diagnostic Techniques, Endocrine , Saliva , ChemistryABSTRACT
Objective To explore the rule of energy distribution on the interfaces between lamellar materials,especially the dependence upon the radiating directions for a microwave(MW) radiation and to get some experimental evidences for further research of the shielding and protective mechanism of biological effects of MW.Methods Some MW shielding lamellar materials elaborately chosen,including fiber & metal wires intertexture,MW exposure suit materials by chemical treatment,nano-carbon coated metal sheets and fresh pigskin treated as biological tissue material,were exposed to the defined frequency(9.3 GHz) MW field and the characteristics of MW interfacial reactions upon the materials were detected by a micro-spectrometer.Results The fiber & insulated metal wires intertexture did not possess obvious MW-shielding function.The MW exposure suit materials by chemical treatment were strong reflecting type MW-shielding materials.The nano-carbon coated metal sheets had a "transparent window" for a rather wide range of MW incidence angles and so were used as MW secret materials.As biological tissue material,the fresh pigskin treated was identified as a kind of complex MW absorbing and reflecting material.Otherwise,the interaction between MW and biological material interfaces might vary regularly as the change in water-content occurred by the MW heating effect.Conclusion Although all the kinds of experimental samples exhibited the coherence with the reflection law to MW sheaf,there was plenty of significant diversity in detail nearby the MW reflecting region.The experimental evidence might be of characteristic classification for interaction between MW directional radiation and different material interfaces.Otherwise,as skin tissues absorb microwave rather sharply in little incident angles,this part of radiations should be considered more in the protective mechanism of MW.
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Thermometry of body by a contact temperature or thermal imaging analysis by infrared radiation (IR)is a routine method in clinical application. Twelve cerebrovascular disease patients and some patients who suffered from joint inflammation,nerve inflammation were examined.The result made clear that the method and the instrument is adaptable to simple and reliable thermal diagnosis for the discovery and premonition of different kinds of diseases and their course and tendency.
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A free space condition for the microwave radiation field for research will be needed, but different application microwave rields are not easy to satisfy this condition for the existence of interfaces of different medium. In the research, metal materials, insulator materials and ground materials are used as base-material to examine their effects upon the distribution of microwave field. Some rules are discovered.
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Objective To investigate the effects of electrical stimulation on the differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to cardiomyocyte induced by 5-azacytidine in vitro. Methods MSCs from Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were cultured and passed repeatedly to P3. MSCs were treated with 5-azacytidine (10 ?mol/L) and incubated for 24 h.The induced MSCs were divided to stimulated group and non-stimulated group, and every groups divided by incubated for 1,2,3 and 4 weeks were named as subgroup Ⅰ,Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ respectively.MSCs of stimulated group were stimulated for 30 min every day by supra-threshold square biphasic pulses (2 ms duration, 1.5 Hz, 20 ?A), and the stimulation was initiated 1 d after inducing. Light and electronic microscope were used to identify the influences of characteristic morphological of MSCs in every subgroups,and immunocytochemistry was used to identify the expression of ?-actin,cTnT, Cx43 in MSCs. Results The growth of MSCs in stimulated group was better than that of non-stimulated group. MSCs of stimulated group exhibited differentiation into cardiomyocyte-like cell at 1 week after inducing, earlier than that of no-stimulated group (2 weeks). In stimulated subgroup Ⅰ, scattered myogenic structure was observed in the plasma of some cells under electronic microscope, and ?-actin,cTnT expressed in some cells, but not that be observed in non-stimulated subgroup Ⅰ. In cells of stimulated subgroups Ⅱ to Ⅳ, the expression level of ?-actin, cTnT, Cx43 of were all higher than that of non-stimulated subgroups respectively. Conclusion Electrical stimulation (simulating the heart beating) could redound differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to cardiomyocyte induced by 5-azacytidine in vitro.