ABSTRACT
Oncoplastic breast surgery (OBS) using omentum has been developed in the past 20 years. This study reviewed related clinical researches at home and abroad. It summarized the surgical indications, criteria of cosmetic evaluation for omentum mammary tumor, the methods of harvesting omentum and the selection of tissue flaps. Meanwhile, postoperative complications, tumor safety, advantages and disadvantages of different methods were evaluated.
ABSTRACT
Surgery is one of the most important treatments for breast cancer. A part of the early breast cancer patients demand further oncoplastic breast surgery to reconstruct or restore the breast cosmosis after conventional breast conserving surgery, by oncoplastic breast surgery, which is a modern conception and technique including volume dis-placement and volume replacement. Oncoplastic breast surgery using pedicled omental flap is a new approach among volume replacement techniques. It has made some progress in recently years. A systematic review was therefore con-ducted to analyze and illuminate the present status.
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Objective To study the relationship between psychological health and social support and coping style in general hospitals. Methods 756 nurses from 3 general hospitals were enrolled by cluster sampling and were investigated by Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90),Social Support Rate Scale(SSRS)and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ).The investigation results were analyzed. Results The general level of psychological health of nurses was not optimistic with a positive rate Of 37.04％. The somatizatlon factor of the head nurses was different from that Of normal nurses. Significant difference existed in the following aspects such as somatization, depression and terror factors between night shift nurses and day shift nurses. Relativity could be seen between social support and coping style and psychological health. Conclusion Hospital managers should attach importance to the psychological health of nurses. At the same time they should supply positive social support and instrucitons of coping style to improve the general level of psychological health.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the extensibility and retractility of the surgical margins in digestive system neoplasms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The length difference of the digestive tract was measured in vivo and in vitro under different conditions. Five cm of the stomach, small intestine and large bowel and 2 cm of the esophagus were measured as standard control length in vivo just before resection. The length was measured with a ruler under pull of 500 g and 1 000 g in vivo, in fresh status in vitro, and 10% formaldehyde fixed for 6 - 8 h, 12 - 24 h and 48 - 72 h. The extension or retraction ratio was calculated. The length difference was divided by the natural length in vivo.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Seventeen cases of the esophagus, 18 cases of the stomach, 15 cases of the small intestine and 25 cases of the large bowel were measured under pull of 500 g and 1 000 g. The esophagus extended 16.5% and 30.5%, stomach 15.0% and 22.6%, small intestine 66.4% and 120.0%, large bowel 36.0% and 56.0% respectively. In natural status ex vivo, the esophagus retracted 44.5%, stomach 13.6%, small intestine 11.4% and large bowel 15.6% respectively; they continue to retract after 10% formaldehyde fixation until 12 - 24 h later. If the length of surgical margin of the fresh specimen ex vivo was x, the natural length of margin in vivo of the esophagus would be 1.80 x, stomach 1.16 x, small intestine 1.13 x, and large bowel 1.18 x. If formaldehyde fixation for 6 - 8 h, the natural length of surgical margin in vivo of the esophagus would be 1.82 x, stomach 1.41 x, small intestine 1.22 x, large bowel 1.55 x. If formaldehyde fixation for 12 - 24 h, the surgical margin length in vivo of the esophagus would be 2.22 x, stomach 1.43 x, small intestine 1.28 x, and large bowel 1.57 x.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The length of surgical margin of digestive system cancers varied under different conditions, and the evaluation of surgical margin during surgery should be performed under natural status in vivo.</p>