ABSTRACT
Objective:To observe the effect of sodium fluoride (NaF) on the expression of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signal and apoptosis in human osteosarcoma Saos-2 cells.Methods:Saos-2 cells were divided into 0 (control), 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/L fluoride groups ( n= 3) according to the dose of NaF. The cells were collected after 24 and 48 h of culture in vitro. Western blotting was used to detect the expressions of PI3K/Akt signal and Forkhead transcription factor (FoxO) 1, and the apoptosis level of Saos-2 cells was detected by flow cytometry. Results:There were no significants differences in the expressions of PI3K and Akt in Saos-2 cells at 24 and 48 h ( P > 0.05). At 24 h, the expressions of phosphorylated PI3K (p-PI3K) in 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/L fluoride groups (0.40 ± 0.06, 0.45 ± 0.02, 0.37 ± 0.06, 0.32 ± 0.06) were higher than that in the control group (0.28 ± 0.04, P < 0.05); at 48 h, the expressions of p-PI3K in 5 and 10 mg/L fluoride groups (0.46 ± 0.06, 0.58 ± 0.03) were higher than that in the control group (0.29 ± 0.04, P < 0.05), and that in the 40 mg/L fluoride group (0.21 ± 0.03) was lower than that in the control group ( P < 0.05). At 24 h, the expressions of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) in 5, 10 and 20 mg/L fluoride groups (0.27 ± 0.01, 0.30 ± 0.03, 0.27 ± 0.03) were higher than that in the control group (0.20 ± 0.02, P < 0.05); at 48 h, the expressions of p-Akt in 5 and 10 mg/L fluoride groups (0.42 ± 0.04, 0.60 ± 0.02) were higher than that in the control group (0.27 ± 0.01, P < 0.05), and that in the 40 mg/L fluoride group (0.18 ± 0.02) was lower than that in the control group ( P < 0.05). The expressions of FoxO1 in 10, 20 and 40 mg/L fluoride groups at 24 h (0.38 ± 0.07, 0.41 ± 0.06, 0.47 ± 0.08) were higher than that in the control group (0.34 ± 0.04, P < 0.05). At 48 h, the expressions of FoxO1 in 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/L fluoride groups (0.36 ± 0.08, 0.37 ± 0.10, 0.54 ± 0.04, 0.73 ± 0.04) were higher than that in the control group (0.28 ± 0.04, P < 0.05). At 24 and 48 h, the apoptosis rates of control group and 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/L fluoride groups were (2.867 ± 0.583)%, (3.647 ± 0.035)%, (3.773 ± 0.095)%, (5.440 ± 0.325)%, (7.203 ± 0.476)%; (3.707 ± 0.286)%, (4.023 ± 0.241)%, (4.970 ± 0.368)%, (12.473 ± 0.949)%, (19.387 ± 1.892)%, respectively. The apoptosis level of 40 mg/L fluoride group was higher than that of control group at 24 h ( P < 0.05), and that of 20 and 40 mg/L fluoride groups were higher than that of control group at 48 h ( P < 0.05). Conclusion:Fluoride can directly activate the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in osteoblasts, and then has anti-apoptotic effect.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effect of Wenxin granule combined with sotalol on patients with arrhythmia and its influence on the levels of plasma angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ), C-reactive protein (CRP) and NT-proBNP.Methods:From January 2018 to October 2019, 162 patients with arrhythmia admitted to Taizhou Central Hospital were divided into observation group (81 cases) and control group (81 cases) according to the random digital table method.The control group was treated with sotalol, and the observation group was treated with Wenxin granule on the basis of the control group.The course of treatment in both two groups was 2 months.The changes of cardiac function, Ang Ⅱ, CRP and NT-proBNP levels, as well as adverse reactions were compared before and after treatment.Results:The total effective rate of the observation group (92.59%, 75/81) was higher than that of the control group (77.78%, 63/81) (χ 2=7.044, P<0.05). After treatment, the LVEDD [(53.18±3.09)mm] and LVESD [(52.19±2.35)mm] in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(58.97±2.73)mm and (57.79±2.65)mm], while the SV [(76.93±3.67)mL] and LVEF [(53.90±2.64)%] in the observation group were higher than those in the control group [(71.35±2.87)mL and (46.75±2.18)%], the differences were statistically significant ( t=12.638, 14.230, 10.779, 18.795, all P<0.05). The plasma AngⅡ [(96.52±12.16)ng/L], CRP [(4.30±0.69)mg/L] and NT-proBNP [(394.25±47.15)ng/L] in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [(135.42±23.15)ng/L, (6.27±0.78)mg/L and (565.29±56.72)ng/L] ( t=13.389, 17.025, 20.870, all P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group (11.11%) was lower than that in the control group (30.86%) (χ 2=9.529, P<0.05). Conclusion:Wenxin granule combined with sotalol is effective in the treatment of arrhythmia, which can reduce the plasma levels of Ang Ⅱ, CRP and NT-proBNP, improve the heart function and has no obvious adverse reactions.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the expressions of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and brain natrium peptide (BNP) in patients with diastolic heart failure (DHF),and to explore the correlation between plasma levels of TGF-β1,BNP and TGF-β1/BNP with parameter of diastolic function,diastolic dysfunction and New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification of cardiac function.Methods Hospitalized patients with DHF from October 2016 to November 2017 in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital were selected as subjects.At the same time,the age-and gender-matched non-heart failure hospitalized patients were selected as the control.The diastolic function index (E/e') was measured using cardiac ultrasound spectral Doppler and tissue Doppler methods.The diastolic dysfunction classification was evaluated according to the American Society of Echocardiography guidelines.Cardiac function was evaluated with NYHA classification.The levels of plasma TGF-β1 and BNP were measured with method of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The correlation between the indicators was analyzed and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn.Results A total of 186 patients were enrolled,including 114 patients as DHF group [54 males and 60 females,mean age (70.75 ± 11.45) years old] and 72 cases as control group [41 males and 31 females,mean age (68.74 ± 10.86) years old].The levels of TGF-β1 [(77.68 ± 42.31) ng/L] and BNP [(1 153.84 ± 564.96) ng/L] in patients with DHF were significantly higher than those of the control group [(18.76 ± 13.70),(264.07 ± 179.43) ng/L,t =15.62,13.77,P ＜ 0.01].Pearson correlation analysis showed that level of plasma TGF-β1 had a significant liner correlation with index E/e' (r =0.582,P ＜ 0.01),level of plasma BNP had a low-degree liner correlation with index E/e' (r =0.261,P ＜ 0.01),and TGF-β1/BNP had no correlation with index E/e' (r =0.081,P ＞ 0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that the levels of TGF-β1 and BNP were significantly correlated with diastolic dysfunction grading (r =0.473,0.417,P ＜ 0.01),while TGF-β1/BNP had no correlation with diastolic dysfunction grading (r =0.062,P ＞ 0.05).Plasma TGF-β1 and BNP had low-degree correlation with NYHA classification of heart failure (r =0.309,0.326,P ＜ 0.01),TGF-β1/BNP had no correlation with NYHA classification of heart failure (r =0.011,P ＞ 0.05).Logistic analysis showed that both plasma TGF-β1 and BNP were independent predictors of DHF (OR =1.264,2.283,P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01).The area under ROC curve (AUC) of BNP for prediction of DHF was 0.937 ± 0.064,and TGF-β1 was 0.597 ± 0.042.AUC areas of BNP and TGF-β1 were significantly different (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The expressions of plasma TGF-β1 and BNP in patients with DHF are higher than those without DHF.The levels of plasma TGF-β1 and BNP are significantly correlated with index E/e',diastolic dysfunction grading and NYHA classification.Both elevated BNP and TGF-β1 levels are independent predictors of DHF.Both plasma BNP and TGF-β1 have auxiliary diagnostic value on DHF and the diagnostic value of plasma BNP is greater than plasma TGF-β1.