ABSTRACT
Objective To study the influence of serum lipids and age on the angiographical characteristics of the coronary arteries in CHD patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods The study enrolled 203 CHD patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and their coronary angiography were analyzed according to their age and lipid levels. Results Most of the patients tended to have multi vessels leisons (≥3 branches vs
ABSTRACT
This thesis is the study of the morphology and arterial supply of the papillary musclcs of the left ventricle of 104 human hearts. The maim me-thod used is angiography and corrosion. The commonest number of the anteri-or and posterior papillary muscles is one. In 72 hearts there are musculartrabeculae by which the papillary muscle is attached to the wall of the leftventricle. The projection of the auterior papillary muscle of the left ven-tricle on the heart surface lies most frequently on the middle third regionof a supposed "#"-form region. There are three types of attachment of thepapillary muscle: the free, the attached and the intermidiate, among whichthe largest number is the first type. The arteries supplying the anteriorpapillary muscle are the branches of the anterior descending artery, theleft circumflex artery or these two. Each of the three types amounts to30% or so; the posterior papillary muscle is mostly supplied by the leftventricular posterior branches of the right circumflex artery 9.6 % ). The blood vessels in the papillary muscle belong to class B, each of the papillarymuscles containing 1--3 major vessels measured 0. 1--1 mm in diameter.The three vascular distribution types in the papillary muscle are of axis,segment and mixtnre, and the axial type is most commonly seen of all. Thevascular distribution type j? of certain relation to the attachment type ofthe papillary muscle. The axial distribution is frequently found in the freetype of the papillary muscle. The arteries distributes on either side of thepapillary muscle.
ABSTRACT
The interventrieular septum have five blood sources: A-V nodal artery; the anterior interventricular septal artery; the posterior interventriculnr septal artery; the posterior superior septal nrtery; the descending septal artery.The posterior superior septal artery occurs in 72% of cases, and supplies the posterior superior 1/4 to 1/3 or the area of the septum. The descending septal artery occurs in 64.8% of all cases. It is relatively longer in children and has a branch lending into the moderator band.Blood vessel anastomosis around the interventricular foraman is abundant.
ABSTRACT
The morphology and position of the AV node and AV bundle were observed in 13 human hearts with serial sections. 1.the AV node is a long sagittal flatt ened structure, its transverse section is triangular in shape with a right convex surface, sometimes the cross section is fusiform or half oval in shape. Its size is 3.5x3.3x1.1 mm in adult. In 5 cases the endocardium lying on the right surface of the AV node is elevated.2.The AV node is situated in the upper border of the atrioventricular septum (between the levels of the attachment lines of the mitral and tricuspid valves). The adult AV node is 1.8-5.8 mm anterior to the coronary sinus orifice, 0.3-0.7 mm from the endocardium of the right atrium, 3.3-7.5 mm above the upper border of the septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve. The left surface of the AV node contacts with the central fibrous body.3.The AV node can be divided in 2 parts: superficial and deep, the fibers of the super ficial part are longitudinal in sections and end in the lower border of the AV node. In one case, the deep part is subdivided in an upper part and a lower part. In the specimens in which the right atrial endocardium lying on the right surface of the AV node is elevated, the overlaying fibers end in the endocardium. At the upper border, right surface, and posterior margin of the AV node, there are atrial fibers ending to the AV node. 4. The adult AV bundle is 5.7-7.9 mm long, 1.1-1.5 mm in diameter. Its anterior part is on top of the muscular interventricular septum in 7 specimens, on its left surface in 3 specimens, and in the substance of the muscular interventricular septum in 2 specimens. In one case its course is very special, at first on the top of muscular interventricular septum, then at its left surface, finally in the substance of the right part of the muscular interventricular septum.