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Objective To understand the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens causing wound in-fection in army officers and soldiers following military training injury,and provide reference for antimicrobial use in clinical anti-infection treatment.Methods Wound secretion from injured army patients who were admitted to a mili-tary hospital between January 2014 and June 2015 was performed bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing.Results 647 pathogenic bacteria strains were isolated from 1 029 wound secretion specimens ,isolation rate was 62.88%,the top 6 isolated bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus (S .aureus ,29.99%,n =194),Escherichia coli (E.coli,19.32%,n=125),Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19.17%,n=124),Enterococcus spp .(13.60%,n=88), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K .pneumoniae ,7.73%,n =50),and Acinetobacter baumannii (A.baumannii,5.87%, n=38).S .aureus and Enterococcus spp .had high susceptibility to vancomycin,linezolid ,and daptomycin (resist-ance rates ≤3.41 %),44.33% of S .aureus were methicillin-resistant,2.27% of Enterococcus spp .were vancomy-cin-resistant .E.coli and K .pneumoniae had high susceptibility rates to piperacillin/ tazobactam (resistance rates were 1 .60% and 0 respectively),except A.baumannii,resistance rates of gram-negative bacteria to carbapenems were all low (resistance rates ≤4.00%).Conclusion Military clinicians should select appropriate antimicrobial agents according to antimicrobial susceptibility testing results,reduce the disability rate due to infection in trauma patients,and provide clinical support for the treatment of the wounded.
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Objective To analyze the significance of time to positivity(TTP)of blood culture in differentiating bloodstream infection(BSI)from contamination during blood withdrawal.Methods Clinical data and TTP of blood culture in patients hospitalized in different departments from November 2013 to November 2014 were compared retrospectively,role of TTP in differential diagnosis of BSI was evaluated.Results Of 2 605 blood culture specimens,137 were positive for blood culture,78 (56.93%)of which were pathogenic bacteria and 59(43.07%) were contaminated bacteria,coagulase negative staphylococcus had the highest contamination rate(75.76%),while Escherichia coli had the lowest contamination rate(12.50%).TTP of pathogenic bacteria was shorter than that of contaminated bacteria ([13.86 ±8.19]h vs [40.72 ±20.96]h,P <0.05 ).Of pathogenic bacteria,Enterococcus had the earliest TTP ([10.20±8.00]h),followed by Escherichia coli ([11 .12 ±3.91 ]h),Staphylococcus aureus ([12.22±5.08]h),Klebsiella pneumoniae ([14.72±10.45]h),the other gram-negative bacteria([16.11 ±12.97] h),and coagulase negative staphylococci([16.42±5.74]h),fungi had the latest TTP ([29.04±3.67]h ).TTP of gram-negative bacteria was ≤16.59 h,sensitivity and specificity of BSI were 84.09% and 100.00% respectively;TTP of gram-positive bacteria was ≤20.96 h,sensitivity and specificity of BSI were 96.77% and 94.44% respec-tively.Conclusion Combination of TTP of blood culture and other clinical indications can provide reference for early differentiating isolated pathogenic bacteria from contaminated bacteria.
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OBJECTIVE:To prepare anhydrous iodine-containing or iodine-free hand-cleaning agents for use at field or water-deficient area.METHODS:An adhesive paste was made with PVA as vehicle and PVP-I as disinfector.Iodine value was taken as parameter of quality control.The adhesive-eliminating test was carried out on Escherichia coli and HBV elimi?nating and skin irritation tests were performed in rabbits.RESULTS:This preparation could eliminate bacteria by its adhesive action and had considerable disinfective action because of the ingredient iodine,however it could not eliminate HBV.No irrita?tion to skin was found.CONCLUSION:The preparation can effectively remove the dust,bacteria and viruses from the hands and is suitable for cleaning hands in conditions of wartime,training and water-deficient area.