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Objective:To evaluate the present situation and future development for undergraduate major construction of health service and management.Methods:One hundred and twenty-three domestic universities with undergraduate health service and management major were selected as the research subjects. This paper analyzed the present situation of major distribution and aim setting, faculty, curriculum system, construction of teaching material, enrollment number, graduate destination, among other areas, using network data collection, questionnaire survey, and descriptive analysis methods. It also analyzed the development trend of this major with regards to the national policy guidance and discipline development dynamics.Results:The results showed that the number of domestic universities with undergraduate major for health service and management had increased from 5 in 2016 to 123 at present, with an average annual growth rate of 472.0%. The curriculum system of various universities covered 13 core courses, such as management and introduction to basic medicine. The total credits required for graduation ranged from 149 to 224, and the proportion of practical teaching in the teaching plan ranged from 12.1% to 45.1%. The credit requirements varied greatly; moreover, the proportion of practical teaching in most universities was not high and the content was narrow. Among the 21 universities participating in the questionnaire survey, 47.6% of them focused their education on cultivating versatile talents, 52.4% had 4-6 full-time teachers, 47.2% of all full-time teachers were 31-40 years old, 42.9% universities had teachers with senior professional titles accounting for 30%-40% of the faculty, and 28.6% universities had teachers with doctoral degrees comprising ≥50% of the faculty. The aim setting of most universities was more or less vague, the number of full-time teachers couldn′t meet the needs of major development, and the connotation construction lagged relatively.Conclusions:The inconsistency of the rapid increasing number of universities with the connotation construction of major has become a key barrier to the connotative development of undergraduate major of health service and management. In the future, building the quality of teaching according to national standards; advancing the integration of government, industry, university, research, and implementation; improving faculty quality; and optimizing the curriculum system will be part of the development trend.
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Cyclic amp receptor protein (CRP) is a global transcriptional factor in many prokaryotes, capable of governing nearly half of the total genes in Escherichia coli. Through the method of error-prone PCR or DNA shuffling, we can first obtain CRP mutant library and then get the expected cell phenotype with enhanced resistance. In this article, we reviewed the following desired phenotype: enhanced tolerance towards oxidative stress, improved osmotolerance, enhanced organic solvent (toluene) tolerance, improved acetate tolerance of E. coli fermentation and improved ethanol tolerance during bio-ethanol production. We then concluded that CRP can also be applied in other host cells to get desired phenotypes. Last, we predicted potential applications of mutant CRP transcriptional factor.
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Cyclic AMP Receptor Protein , DNA Shuffling , Escherichia coli , Metabolism , Fermentation , Metabolic EngineeringABSTRACT
Objective To observe the rehabilitation of Six Healing Sounds on MCI of the oldaged persons.Methods All patients were randomly divided into Six Healing Sounds exercise group and control group using random number table.MOCA,and MMSE were adopted for evaluating the efficacy of the subjects before and six months after the practice.Nerve-physiology information workstation was setup to record the changes of cerebral electric powder of both groups before and 6 months after the treatment.The data was further analyzed by intelligent cerebral powder analyzing system.Results ①After six months practice,total score of MOCA (25.18 ± 5.07) and MMSE (26.03 ± 2.63) increased significantly after the treatment in the exercise group,which showed significant difference than the control group [MOCA (22.83 ± 4.95) and MMSE (24.86± 2.98)].MOCA increased significantly in attention (5.04 ± 0.90),delay memory (3.02 ± 0.89),verbal(2.30±0.57) sub-item scores after the treatment in the exercise group,showed significant differences than the control group [attention (4.28 ± 1.08),delay memory (2.33 ± 0.95),verbal (2.13 ± 0.51)] ; MMSE also demonstrated a significant increase a in split-second memory(2.35 ±0.43),delay memory(2.42±0.48),verbal (8.49± 0.54) sub-item scores after the treatment in the exercise group,showed significant differences than the control group [split-second memory (2.15 ± 0.34),delay memory (2.14± 0.83),verba (8.13 ± 0.70)].②Frequency changes:the change of δ (0.0848± 0.0373) μ v 2 was decreased than before in the exercise group after 6 months; the change of α1 (0.3753± 0.1470) μ v2was increased than before in the exercise group after 6 months; the change ofδ and θ (0.2266±0.0953)μ v2 had significant difference after the treatment between the two group [control group:δ (0.1095 ± 0.0520) μ v2 θ (0.2589 ± 0.0862) μ v 2and α1 (0.3160 ±0.1540)μ v 2].③Space changes:in the ratio of (δ + θ) / (α1+α2+β1+β2):F4(0.5115±0.4262)、O 1 (0.3365 ± 0.2436)、O2 (0.3536± 0.2671)、T4 (0.4581 ± 0.3798)、T5 (0.3198± 0.3608)、Fp (10.8233 ±0.6857) 、Fp2 (0.7710± 0.6352)、C3 (0.3702 ± 0.3910)、C4 (0.3896 ± 0.3523)、P4 (0.3523 ± 0.2333)、T6 (0.2972± 0.4276)were decreased than before in the exercise group after 6 months; C3、C4、P4、T4、T5 、T6、Fpl had significant difference after the treatment between the two group[control group:C3 (0.5706±0.4944)、C4 (0.5780 ± 0.4996)、P4 (0.4835 ± 0.3641)、T4 (0.6294 ± 0.4186)、T5 (0.4882 ± 0.4000)、T6 (0.4879±0.4131)、Fp1 (1.0125±0.7476)].Conclusion Six Healing Sounds had rehabilitation effects on MCI of the old-aged persons.
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Objective To observe the rehabilitation of “Six Healing Sounds” on mild anxiety disorders of the old and middle-aged persons.Methods All patients were randomly divided into “Six Healing Sounds” exercise group and control group using random number table.Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS),Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMD) were adopted for evaluating the efficacy of the subjects before and three months after the practice.“Nerve-physiology information workstation” was setup to record the changes of cerebral electric powder of both groups before and 3 months after the treatment.The data was further analyzed by “intelligent cerebral powder analyzing system”.Results ①After three months practice,clinical efficacy shwoed significant difference between the two groups (exercise group 66.67％,control group 26.19％.HAMA(12.440±4.104) and SAS (36.355±15.085) score decreased significantly after the treatment in the exercise group.HAMA score,the SAS score and HAMA reduction rate (26.3±23.8)％ had significant difference between the two group.②)Frequancy changes:the change of β1 (0.1005±0.0132) μν2 before and after the exercise in the exercise group showed significant difference than that in the control group.③Space changes:in the exercise group after 3 months:F3(3.7449±3.0739),F4(3.9948±3.5865),P4(2.6442±1.7867),O1 (2.5845 ± 1.7883),T4(2.7916 ± 2.0327)were increased than before; Fpl (5.4771 ± 3.9768),Fp2 (5.8682 ± 3.8109),O2 (4168 ± 2.9227 ) were increased than before; comparison between the exercise group and control group:Fp1、Fp2、F3、F4、P4)、O1、T4Fp1 (3.8686±3.2034),Fp2(3.9419±3.4709),F3(2.5632±2.0258),F4(2.6763±2.2542),P4(1.7535± 1.7334),O1(1.6426± 1.5885),T4(1.8626± 1.7103) in the exercise group were obviously increased; O2 (1.8942± 1.8346)was significantly increased in the exercise group.Conclusion “Six Healing Sounds” had rehabilitation effects on anxiety disorders of the middle-aged persons.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of “Six Healing Sounds” on brain's mechanism by analyzing the changes of patients' cerebral electric power.Methods All volunteers were randomly recruited into two groups:exercise group and contrast group.“nerve-physiology information workstation” was setup to record the changes of cerebral electric powder of both groups before and 6 months after the treatment.The data was further analyzed by “intelligent cerebral powder analyzing system”.Results Frequency changes:in the exercise group after 6 months:α1 (0.3959±0.2332)μv2 and α2(0.1531 ±0.11609μv2)were both increased,while δ (0.0951 ±0.0604) μv2、θ (0.2515±0.1165) μv2、β1 (0.0934±0.0483) μv2 and β2 (0.0111 ±0.0068) μv2 were reduced.While in the contrast group after 6 month:all values were similar to those 6 months ago.Space changes:in the contrast group after 6 months:all values were similar to those 6 months ago; while in the exercise group after 6 months:it had tremendous changes in such areas as FP2 (2.0711 ± 1.6765 )、F3 ( 1.8586± 1.6321 )、C3 (1.7756± 1.3104); and slight changes in F4 ( 1.9610±1.4332)、P3 ( 1.5587±1.2798)、P4 (1.6108± 1.2521 )、01 ( 1.1383 ±0.9343)、02( 1.2555±1.0694)、T3 ( 1.8961 ±1.5900) and T4 (2.0190±1.6374).Conclusion “Six Healing Sounds” therapy can improve the functional status of the brain.