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Objective To explore the risk factors of Schistosoma japonicum infection in the residents in Xingzi County,Ji?angxi Province. Methods Six administrative villages from different areas were randomly selected by the cluster sampling meth?od as the study sites in Xingzi Country in 2013,and all the residents aged 5 years or above were investigated epidemiologically, and the schistosome infection was surveyed by Kato?Katz technique. The risk factors of schistosomiasis were analyzed by using the Chi?square test analysis and multivariate Logistic regression model. Results In 2013,there were 2 050 residents received the stool examination and 146 persons were positive,the schistosome infection rate was 7.1%. The Chi?square test showed that gender,age,occupation and education level were associated with the population infection rate(χ2=26.485、16.836、25.700、90.805,all P<0.05). The multivariate Logistic regression mode showed that the probability of schistosomiasis for the male was 3.041 times as much as that for the female;the probability of schistosomiasis for the illiteracy and primary education level crowd was 8.870 times as much as that for the college degree or above crowed;the probability of schistosomiasis for the junior middle school education level crowd was 5.598 times as much as that for the college degree or above crowed;the probability of schistoso?miasis for the high school education level crowd was 2.995 times as much as that for the college degree or above crowed;the probability of infection of fishermen was the highest,which was 3.053 times as much as that for the other professional crowds. Conclusions The risk factors of schistosome infection mainly include gender,occupation and the education level. We should strengthen the health education of schistosomiasis control,protection against the infested water contact,and so on.
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Objective To retrospectively analyze the effect of abdominal acupuncture for the casino workers with sleep disorder in chronic fatigue syndrome and analyze the correlation between them.Method 65 patients were all from the Acupuncture Department of Health Center of the Black Sand, Macao Health Bureau, 2011 October to 2013 January, who were diagnosed with sleep disorder in chronic fatigue syndrome and in accordance with the inclusion criteria. They were received abdominal acupuncture treatment for 4 weeks. Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI) and Fatigue Assessment Instrument(FAI)were adopted to evaluate the effect before treatment 、after treatment and one month follow-up. Multiple regression analysis model was used to analyze the correlation of each factor of FAI and PSQI. Results Compared with before treatment (13.78± 3.23), the total score of PSQI after treatment(8.66 ± 4.26)and follow-up(8.26 ± 4.66) were significant decreased(P<0.05);the score of 6 dimensions(sleep quality, Time to fall asleep, sleep time, sleep efficiency, sleep disorders daytime function) after treatment and follow-up were significant decreased(P<0.05),compared with those before treatment;the FAI score after treatment (92.60±14.64) and follow-up(90.75±14.75) were significant lower(P<0.05)than those before treatment (147.55±7.03) .Multiple regression analysis showed that 4 dimensions of PSQI (sleep quality, sleep time, sleep disorders, daytime function)had close relationship with FAI score(r=0.373~0.702, P<0.05). Conclusion Abdominal acupuncture can improve the casino workers' sleep disorder in chronic fatigue syndrome and is worth of further study.
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The aim of this study was to determine the differences in phototaxis between Oncomelania hupensis (O .h .) hupensis and O .h .robertsoni as well as four related geographic strains of male and female snails and Schistosoma japonicum-infected and-uninfected snails .Field collection of O . hupensis was performed in S . j aponicum-endemic areas of Xingzi and Yushan counties in Jiangxi Province ,China ,as well as Tianquan and Pengshan counties in Sichuan Province ,China .Infected and uninfected snails were screened using the cercariae escaping method ,with artificial separation of male and female snails . The experiment was carried out in an in-house constructed dark phototaxis experiment box using white light as the main source of light at the most suitable light intensity .Under a light intensity of 1 500 Lux for 30 minutes ,all of the snails from the experimental group showed obvious phototaxis .The statistical analysis showed no significant difference in the phototaxis index between male and female snails ,and there was also no significant difference in the phototaxis index between different geograph-ical strains of the same subspecies of snails .A significant difference in phototaxis was observed between the two subspecies during the 30-minute experimental period :O .h .hupensis displayed a higher phototaxis index than that of O .h .robertsoni , whereas S .japonicum-infected snails showed a lower phototaxis index than that of uninfected snails .A difference in phototaxis was found between different subspecies of O .hupensis and within the same subspecies .All uninfected snails displayed the same phototaxis index .When snails were infected with S .japonicum ,phototaxis reduced .
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Objective An experimental epidemiological study was designed to investigate possible relations of pig-derived Ascaris to the transmission of human ascariasis which might be caused by cross-infection between the pig and humans. Methods In Xinjian County, Jiangxi province, two adjacent villages, Laozhi and Panzhi, with similar baseline of ascariasis in pig and human populations were selected as the study sites with a one-year longitudinal epidemiological follow-up study. People in the two villages received mass chemotherapy. Pigs received mass chemotherapy only in Panzhi village and was twice repeated with two months interval, while pigs in Laozhi village were not treated at all. In the following year after treatment on humans, ascariasis among villagers was studied cross-sectionally five times with Kato-katz technique.Results No significant difference of the re-infection patterns of human ascariasis was found between the two villages in terms of prevalence and intensity during the following year in all the five surveys (χ2＜0.658,F＜1.658 and P＞0.1).Conclusion The results suggested that pig-derived Ascaris were mainly transmitted among pigs but had no important role on the transmission of human ascariasis. The results were in good accordance with the findings through a recent molecular genetic research on the local human-and pig-derived Ascaris worms. Possible confounding factors were discussed.
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Objective An experimental epidemiological study was designed to investigate possible relations of pig-derived Ascaris to the transmission of human ascariasis which might be caused by cross-infection between the pig and humans. Methods In Xinjian County, Jiangxi province, two adjacent villages, Laozhi and Panzhi, with similar baseline of ascariasis in pig and human populations were selected as the study sites with a one-year longitudinal epidemiological follow-up study. People in the two villages received mass chemotherapy. Pigs received mass chemotherapy only in Panzhi village and was twice repeated with two months interval, while pigs in Laozhi village were not treated at all. In the following year after treatment on humans, ascariasis among villagers was studied cross-sectionally five times with Kato-katz technique.Results No significant difference of the re-infection patterns of human ascariasis was found between the two villages in terms of prevalence and intensity during the following year in all the five surveys (χ2＜0.658,F＜1.658 and P＞0.1).Conclusion The results suggested that pig-derived Ascaris were mainly transmitted among pigs but had no important role on the transmission of human ascariasis. The results were in good accordance with the findings through a recent molecular genetic research on the local human-and pig-derived Ascaris worms. Possible confounding factors were discussed.
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Objective To induce the apoptosis of human alveolar epithelial cells(A\-\{549\}) by the extraction of the second stage larvae of Ascaris lumbricoides and investigate the extraction concentration and inducing time related to the apoptosis. \ Methods\ Following to the results of Microculture Tetrazolium Test (MTT), five concentrations of the extraction of the second stage larvae were chosen to induce the apoptosis of A\-\{549\} cells. Meanwhile, control groups without the inducement were set up. For each group, observation was made at five time points since the start of inducement, to assess the existence of apoptosis and percentage of cells showing characteristics of apoptosis. HE stain and diphenylamine reaction methods were used to assess the cell apoptosis. Agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA and flow cytometry were also employed to confirm the apoptosis for some groups. \{\ Results \ \}Observations indicated that the apoptosis ratio of A\-\{549\} cells induced by the extraction at different concentrations were significantly higher than that of the control cells (P
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Objective To investigate Paragonimus westermani infection in the intermediate hosts and animal reservoivs in Jiangxi Province. \ Methods\ Two forest farms in Jingan and Wanzai Counties and one town in Yushan County of Jiangxi Province were selected as pilots for epidemiological and retrospective survey. The intermediate hosts (snails, crabs) and reservoir hosts(cat, dog, civet cat, wildcat, etc.) were collected and examined. Data on the changes of ecological environment and people's behaviors were also collected. \ Results \ The average infection rate in Semisulcospira libertina and Sinopotamon spp. was 0^21% and 54^3% respectively, and that of reservoir hosts was 5^6%. Compared with those in 20 years ago, the infection rate in Sinopotamon spp. decreased considerably. \{Conclusion\}\ The three areas are still endemic for P.westermani with lower prevalence than before possibly due to the change of ecological environment.