ABSTRACT
The expression of CD(8) (+)CD(25) (+)FoxP(3) (+) regulatory T cells (CD(8) (+)Tregs) in the peripheral blood of patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and the effect of muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonist tiotropium bromide on the expression of CD(8) (+)Tregs were investigated. Twenty-three patients with moderate to severe stable COPD were enrolled in this study. All patients inhaled tiotropium bromide (18 μg daily) for 3 months. Before and after inhalation of tiotropium bromide, peripheral blood samples were collected from the patients, and T cells were labeled by three-color labeled monoclonal antibodies. Flow cytometry was used to detect the quantity and percentage of CD(8) (+)T cells, CD(8) (+)CD(25) (+)T cells, CD(8) (+)Tregs, CD(4) (+)T cells, CD(4) (+)CD(25) (+)T cells and CD(4) (+)CD(25) (+)FoxP(3) (+) regulatory T cells (CD(4) (+)Tregs) respectively. The percentage of CD(4) (+)T cells was increased from (27.82±2.18)% to (35.53±1.3)% (t=3.20, P=0.004) in the peripheral blood of patients with stable COPD after inhalation of tiotropium bromide for 3 months, that of CD(4) (+)CD(25) (+)T cells was decreased from (10.03 ±1.42)% to (4.21 ±0.65)% (t=3.78, P=0.001), and that of CD(8) (+)Tregs was increased from (8.41 ±1.68)% to (21.34 ±4.20)% (t=2.72, P=0.013). At baseline, CD(8) (+)T cells, CD(8) (+)CD(25) (+)T cells and CD(4) (+)Tregs were detectable in the peripheral blood, but no significant changes were observed after treatment. Linear correlation analysis revealed that the difference before and after treatment in CD(4) (+)T cells and CD(4) (+)CD(25) (+)T cells was negatively correlated with the ratio of change in CD(8) (+)Tregs before and after treatment (r=-0.61, P=0.013; r=-0.72, P=0.001 respectively). In the peripheral blood of patients with stable COPD, there was the expression of CD(8) (+)Tregs and CD(4) (+)Tregs. Muscarinic receptor antagonist, tiotropium bromide, can promote the amplification of CD(4) (+)T cells, inhibit the expression of CD(25) (+)T cells, and enhance the expression of CD(8) (+)Tregs. CD(8) (+)Tregs and CD(4) (+)Tregs can be used as new indicators to understand the immune status of patients. They are helpful in judging the treatment efficacy and disease immunophenotype.
ABSTRACT
To examine the relationship between the levels of the serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the micrometastasis of peripheral blood in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), 108 NSCLC patients, including 40 patients with benign lung diseases and 30 healthy controls, were investigated. The serum VEGF levels were detected by ELISA and CK19 mRNA in peripheral blood by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). In NSCLC group, the serum VEGF levels and the positive rate of CK19 mRNA in peripheral blood were 479.8+/-268.5 pg/mL and 66.7%, which were significantly higher than those of the other two groups respectively (P0.05). Serum VEGF levels in the patients positive for CK19 mRNA was 561.7+/-325.6 pg/mL. It is significantly higher than that in the negative patients (P<0.01). There existed a significant correlation between serum VEGF levels and expression of CK19 mRNA in peripheral blood in NSCLC patients (P<0.001). The detection of serum VEGF levels and CK19 mRNA in peripheral blood is helpful in judging the condition and the prognosis of NSCLC patients, and serum VEGF levels and CK19 mRNA are independent of the pathological types of lung cancer. The micrometastasis in peripheral blood of NSCLC patients is significantly associated with serum VEGF levels.
ABSTRACT
To compare the difference in tumor immunity and autoimmunity elicited by adenovirus (Ad) encoding human or murine tyrosinase-related protein 2 (AdhTRP2 or AdmTRP2), and to find the most effective way to induce immunity by AdhTRP2 or AdmTRP2, C57BL/6 mice were immunized with AdhTRP2 or AdmTRP2 intramuscularly at different doses of 10(5), 10(6), 10(7) and 10(8) separately (10 mice for each dose). Two weeks after the immunization, in vivo CTL assay and intracellular staining (ICS) of IFN-gamma were carried out to analyze the dose-effect relationship. Tumor growth and vitiligo (as an sign of autoimmunity) were observed until 3 months after challenge with 10(5) B16F10 tumor cells. The results showed that Ad encoding AdmTrp2 induced weak tumor immune response. Similar immunization with AdhTrp-2 elicited stronger protective immunity. CTL activity and IFN-gamma-produced CD8+T cells were directly proportional to dose of AdhTrp2 or AdmTrp2. Moreover, AdhTrp2 group showed tumor rejection in 100% of challenged mice till the end of 3rd month while 60% of mice immunized with AdmTrp2 were protected against tumor. In the whole process of this experiment, no vitiligo was observed in mice immunized either with AdhTrp2 or AdmTrp2. It is concluded that anti-melanoma responses induced by genetic vaccination expressing xenoantigens breaks immune tolerance effectively and is able to elicit strong antigen-specific cytotoxic T cell response without vitiligo.
Subject(s)
Adenoviridae/metabolism , Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Cell Line, Tumor , Cytokines/metabolism , Immune System , Immune Tolerance , Interferon-gamma/metabolism , Intramolecular Oxidoreductases/biosynthesis , Intramolecular Oxidoreductases/genetics , Mice, Inbred C57BL , T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/metabolism , Vitiligo/metabolismABSTRACT
The efficacy and safety of the recombinant mutant human tumor necrosis factor (rmhTNF) combined with chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone in the treatment of patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) were evaluated in this study. The selected 37 patients with SCLC were divided into experimental group (n = 18) and control group (n = 19). Bothgroups were subjected to EP regimen. While in the experimental group, a regimen of 4 × 106 U/m2 rmhTNF intramuscular injection was given once a day from the 1st to 7th day and 11th to 17th day on the chemotherapy cycle.Twenty-one days were as a chemotherapy cycle and all patients received treatment with 2 cycles.The response rate was 83.3 % (15/18) in the experimental group and 63.2 % (12/19) in the control group respectively (P＜0.05). The KPS score after treatment was 78.4±9.6 in the experimental group and 71.2±9.7 in the control group with the difference being significant (P＜0.05).No severe adverse effects occurred in the two groups. It was concluded that the curative effectiveness of the rmhTNF combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of SCLC was more satisfactory than chemotherapy alone. The former could obviously improve the quality of life of the patients with SCLC.