A Nested Case-Control Study to Explore the Association between Immunoglobulin G N-glycans and Ischemic Stroke / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#This study prospectively investigates the association between immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycan traits and ischemic stroke (IS) risk.@*METHODS@#A nested case-control study was conducted in the China suboptimal health cohort study, which recruited 4,313 individuals in 2013-2014. Cases were identified as patients diagnosed with IS, and controls were 1:1 matched by age and sex with cases. IgG N-glycans in baseline plasma samples were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#A total of 99 IS cases and 99 controls were included, and 24 directly measured glycan peaks (GPs) were separated from IgG N-glycans. In directly measured GPs, GP4, GP9, GP21, GP22, GP23, and GP24 were associated with the risk of IS in men after adjusting for age, waist and hip circumference, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Derived glycan traits representing decreased galactosylation and sialylation were associated with IS in men (FBG2S2/(FBG2 + FBG2S1 + FBG2S2): odds ratio ( OR) = 0.92, 95% confidence interval ( CI): 0.87-0.97; G1 n: OR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.63-0.87; G0 n: OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.03-1.22). However, these associations were not found among women.@*CONCLUSION@#This study validated that altered IgG N-glycan traits were associated with incident IS in men, suggesting that sex discrepancies might exist in these associations.

6-desulfated heparin inhibits heparan sulfate shedding and epithelial cell damage during bleomycin induced pulmonary injury / 中国药理学通报

Aim To study the effect of different hepa- ry.Methods First, heparin derivatives with different rin sulfation patterns on bleomycin induced lung inju- sulfation patterns,6-desulfated heparin (6-DeH) and N-acetvlated heparin ( N-AcH ) , were synthesized.Secondly, the effect of these compounds on BLM-in¬duced bronchial epithelial cell ( BEARS-2B) injury was evaluated via lactate dehydrogenase activity, MTT experiment, Annexin V/ PI staining and Hoechst 33258 staining.Then , immunofluorescence staining and West¬ern blotting were used to investigate the shedding of Svndecan-1 and the activation of c-Met by 6-DeH/Akt j j signaling pathway.Finally, a BLM-induced lung injury mouse model was used to further verify the protective effect of 6-DeH by HE staining, Svndecan-1 immunos- taining,bodv weight change,and survival rate.Results In the BLM-induced BEARS-2B injury model, 6- DeH was selected as the best candidate, which exerted their effect by competitively binding to BLM, thereby reducing the damage of heparan sulfate barrier (Svnde- can-1 ) on cell surface, and improving cell survival by activating the downstream c-Met/Akt pathway.In the BLM-induced lung injury mouse model, it was further confirmed that 6-DeH reduced the shedding of Svnde- can-1 in the early stage, and delayed the lung injury and fibrosis process.Conclusions 6-DeH protects the bronchial epithelial cells against BLM-induced lung in¬jur)' through inhibiting the shedding of Svndecan-1 and activating the c-Met/Akt signaling pathway.

Changes of gut microbiota in experimental model rats with hyperuricemia-induced mild cognitive impairment / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore changes of gut microbiota in experimental model rats with hyperuricemia-induced mild cognitive impairment. Methods The experimental rats were provided with a diet containing 2% W/W uric acid (UA) and 2% W/W oxonic acid for period ranging from 1 day to 12 weeks. Morris water maze, blood biochemical indexes and other auxiliary models were used to evaluate the experimental animal model. Changes of gut microbiota were studied by 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing. Results Compared with control group, the amount of UA of rats was significantly elevated. In addition, the rats showed significantly reduced spatial learning and memory in an escape latency and probe trial. The diversity of gut microbiota in model rats changed, and the relative abundances of 14 species of gut microbiota changed markedly. The abundance of Butyrivibrio, Erysipelotrichia, Erysipelotrichales, Erysipelotrichaceae, Erysipelatoclostridium, Lachnoclostridium 5, Anaeroplasmatales, Anaeroplasmataceae and Anaeroplasma in model mice increased, while that of Dorea, RuminococcaceaeUCG_005, Butyricicoccus, Tyzzerella 3 and Parasutterella decreased. Conclusions The continuous increase of UA can regulate gut microbiota, and the imbalance of gut microbiota is closely related to the development of mild cognitive impairment, which may be one of the mechanisms of hyperuricemia-induced mild cognitive impairment.

Research progress of JMJD3 in Parkinson's disease / 中国药理学通报

Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disease in middle-aged and elderly people, in which the pathogenic factors are not yet clear. Genetics, dietary habits, environmental toxins, immunological abnormalities, inflammation and oxidative stress response, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunctions which caused by a variety of physiological and biogenic changes are likely to exacerbate the occurrence of Parkinson's disease. In recent years, studies have shown that the activity of microglia is closely related to Parkinson's disease, and that the active microglia can promote the release of inflammatory factors, while the differentiation of dopamine neurons in the substantial nigra of midbrain area is also closely related to Parkinson's disease. As a histone H3K27me3 demethylase, JMJD3 is involved and affects the activity of microglia, which can regulate the polarization of microglia as well and affect the survival of dopaminergic neurons in the mesencephalon. This provides new methods and strategies for treating Parkinson' s disease. This paper summarizes the structure and function of JMJD3, as well as its role in neuro-inflammation mediated by microglia and its effect on neurons, and explores the functions and related research progress of JMJD3 in Parkinson's disease.

Metabolomic analysis of cerebral cortex and hippocampus in rats with hyperuricemiainduced cognitive dysfunction / 中国药理学通报

Aim To study the changes in endogenous differential metabolites of cerebral cortex and hippocampus extracts from cognitive dysfunction rats induced by hyperuricemia using * H nuclear magnetic resonance (

Hypoglycemic Effect of Total Flavonoids from Potentillae Discoloris Herba in Type 2 Diabetic db/db Mice / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:The hypoglycemic effects and mechanisms of total flavonoids from Potentillae Discoloris Herba（TFE） on insulin resistance through the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt） signaling pathway in db/db mice were investigated. Method:The 24 db/db mice were randomly divided into four groups， model group， metformin group and TFE 100，400 mg·kg^-1 group respectively. The 6 db/m mice as normal control group. After 4 weeks treatment， the mice were processed and the levels of fasting blood glucose（FBG）， glycated serum protein（GSP），fasting blood insulin（FINS），triglyceride（TG）， total cholesterol（TC）， low density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C），high density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） in serum were detected. Homeostatic model assessments of insulin resistance（HOMA-IR）were quantified. Hematoxylin-eosin（HE）staining of liver and pancreatic tissues were examined. The expression of IR<italic>β</italic>， IRS-1，PI3K，phosphorylation-PI3K （p-PI3K）， Akt， phosphorylation-Akt（p-Akt） and glucose transporter 4（GLUT4） in livers were assessed by Western blot. Result:Compared with normal group， model group showed liver and pancreas injury. FBG， GSP， TC， TG， LDL-C， FINS and MDA levels in serum were significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， HDL-C and SOD levels in serum were significantly decreased （<italic>P</italic><0.05）， liver glycogen content was significantly decreased （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， as well as expression of IR， IRS-1， p-PI3K/PI3K， p-Akt/Akt and GLUT4 protein in liver tissues were significantly decreased （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Compared with model group， TFE was able to relieve liver and pancreas injury，while the levels of FBG， GSP， TC， TG， FINS and MDA in serum were significantly decreased （<italic>P</italic><0.05）， HDL-C and SOD levels liver were significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.05）， liver glycogen content was significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， and the expressions of IRS-1， p-PI3K/PI3K， p-Akt/Akt and GLUT4 protein in liver tissues were significantly up-regulated （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. Conclusion:These findings indicate that TFE has the potential to reduce blood sugar and alleviates insulin resistance through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in the livers of db/db mice.

Reconstruction of large soft tissue defects of extremities with free polyfoliate anterolateral thigh perforator flaps based on a single perforator / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective:To evaluate the clinical results of using the free polyfoliate anterolateral thigh perforator flaps based on a single perforator in repair large soft tissue defects in extremities.Methods:Between March, 2014 and April, 2019, 9 patients with large soft tissue defects in extremities were repaired with the free polyfoliate anterolateral thigh perforator flaps based on a single perforator. One of the patients were repaired with bilateral free polyfoliate anterolateral thigh perforator flaps. Six defects on hand and wrist, 1 on forearm, 1 on shank and 1 on foot. The sizes of soft tissue defect ranged 5 cm×19 cm-17 cm×24 cm. All the wounds of donor site were closed primarily.Results:Seven flaps survived without vascular incidence. One flap developed artery crisis after surgery with the bilateral free polyfoliate anterolateral thigh perforator flaps. After emergency re-anastomosing, the flap survived successfully. Necrosis on one-leaf occurred in one flap, which was finally repaired by skin graft. The clinical results were satisfactory after 3-48 months of followed-up. The scars of the donor site were not obvious.Conclusion:The free polyfoliate anterolateral thigh perforator flaps can be designed with only one perforator. The flap can be changed into a variety of shapes based on the combination of the polyfoliate flaps in order to repair a large soft tissue defects in extremity. The polyfoliate flap has advantages of less donor site injury with a high survival rate.

Research progress on in vitro models of cardiomyocyte injury / 中国中药杂志

Cardiovascular diseases seriously endanger human health and life. The accompanying myocardial injury has been a focus of attention in society. Chinese medicine,serving as a natural and precious reservoir for the research and development of new drugs,is advantageous in resisting myocardial injury due to its multi-component,multi-pathway,and multi-target characteristics. In recent years,with the extensive application of culture method for isolated cardiomyocytes,a cost-effective,controllable in vitro model of cardiomyocyte injury with uniform samples is becoming a key tool for mechanism research on cardiomyocyte injury and drug development.A good in vitro model can reduce experimental and manpower cost,and also accurately stimulate clinical changes to reveal the mechanism. Therefore,the selection and establishment of in vitro model are crucial for the in-depth research. This study summarized the modeling principles,evaluation indicators,and application of more than ten models reflecting different clinical conditions,such as injuries induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation,hypertrophy,oxidative stress,inflammation,internal environmental disturbance,and toxicity. Furthermore,we analyzed advantages and technical difficulties,aiming to provide a reference for in-depth research on myocardial injury mechanism and drug development.

Gnathology in implant-supported fixed restoration in edentulous mandible / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#This study aims to investigate the occlusal and myoelectric characteristics of implant-supported fixed denture in the mandibular region and provide reference for the design of fixed restoration.@*METHODS@#Sixty edentulous patients with implant-supported fixed denture were selected and divided into three groups: group A, 20 cases with implant-supported fixed restoration in the maxillary region; group B, 20 cases with natural dentition, and group C, 20 cases with removable partial denture. The T-scan 8.0 digital occlusion analysis system was used to evaluate the occlusal characteristics of patients in the three groups at intercuspal, protrusion, and left and right lateral positions. Electromyography was used to analyze the myoelectric amplitude and bilateral asymmetry index of the anterior temporalis and masseter of the three groups in different states such as resting and clenching. The relationship between occlusion and myoelectricity was also investigated.@*RESULTS@#In the occlusion analysis by T-scan, the occlusion time, the balance of left and right bite force, the left and right asymmetry of the occlusion center, the trajectory of central occlusion force, and the disclusion time were higher in group C than in groups A and B (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in the anterior and posterior asymmetry of the occlusion center and percentage of bite force at anterior region among the three groups. In the analysis of myoelectricity, the myoelectric amplitude at resting state and the asymmetry index of masticatory muscles in group C were higher than those in groups A and B (P<0.05). The myoelectric amplitude during clenching in groups A and B groups was higher than that in group C (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#In implant-supported fixed restoration at edentulous mandibular, when maxillary includes the removable partial denture, degree of occlusal instability and left and right asymmetry of occlusion center are greater than those with the natural dentition and implant-supported fixed denture at maxillary. The myoelectricity is closely related to occlusion. The removable partial denture can increase the myoelectric activity and reduce the potential of the masticatory muscle. The asymmetry of bilateral myoelectricity is related to the occlusion imbalance.

Perfusion enzyme affinity selection system based on hollow fiber for screening active compounds from total saponins of Kudingcha / 药学学报

Atherosclerosis is one of the causes of many cardiovascular diseases. Lipid metabolism disorder is an important risk factor for atherosclerosis. Lipase-targeted screening may help discovery of hypolipidemic and anti-atherosclerotic drugs. Traditional methods for enzyme-based screening exhibit drawbacks of tedious operation steps, reduced enzyme activity, slow mass transfer, as well as high false positive rate. In this paper, an integrated perfusion enzyme affinity selection system based on hollow fiber was constructed to screen hypolipidemic and anti-atherosclerotic compounds from traditional Chinese medicines, and the total saponins of Kudingcha were taken as a case. First, we built a hollow fiber based perfusion system and optimized the methodology for enzyme affinity selection. Then, two active compounds of kudinosides A and C were identified as potential lipase inhibitors from the total saponins of Kudingcha by the proposed system. Last, the activity of kudinosides A and C was verified by lipase inhibitory assay and formation of foam cell model induced by low density lipoprotein aggregates, exhibiting the reliability of the system. This platform shows the advantages of integration, fast mass transfer, simple operation, low cost, as well as improved throughput and efficiency, which is especially suitable for rapid screening active components from traditional Chinese medicine.

Clinical significance of HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DQB1 haplotype gene frequencies / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To analyze family-based haplotype frequencies of HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1 and -DQB1 genes and their clinical significance. Methods: The data of HLA genotyping in 3568 families undergoing related haploidentical transplantation between 2012 and 2017 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were retrospectively evaluated. The HLA genotyping was performed by PCR amplification with sequence-based typing (PCR-SBT) and sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe (PCR-SSOP) methods. The family genetic analysis and haplotype frequencies were also investigated. Results: All the families were divided into 3 groups, including group1 of 1 422 entire families; group2 of 1 310 patients and either of their parents or one of their children; group3 of 836 patients and their HLA≥5/10 matched sibling donors. In the haplotypes with frequencies greater than 0.1% in group1+ group2, the frequency of A*11∶01-B*40∶01-C*03∶04-DRB1*11∶01-DQB1*03∶01, A*02∶07-B*51∶01-C*14∶02-DRB1*09:01-DQB1*03∶03 were significantly different between group1 and group2 (P=0.029, 0.033) . The frequency of A*11∶01-B*46∶01-C*01∶02∶01G-DRB1*09∶01-DQB1*03∶03 was significantly different between group1 and group3 (P=0.035) . The frequency of A*02∶01-B*40∶01-C*07∶02-DRB1*09∶01-DQB1*03∶03 was significantly different between group1 and group2 (P=0.034) , or group1 and group3 (P=0.034) . The frequency of A*24∶02-B*13∶01-C*03∶04-DRB1*12∶02-DQB1*03:01 was significantly different between group2 and group3 (P=0.046) . Conclusion: In this study, we summarize the prevalence of haplotype frequencies in terms of HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1 and-DQB1. Based on the database of family haplotype analysis, patients and donor candidates are sorted with matched HLA genotype while unmatched HLA haplotype. Even in patients without entire family information, HLA haplotype analysis assists in choosing the optimal related or unrelated donors.

TCM chemical biology--emerging interdiscipline of "TCM chemistry" and "biology" / 中国中药杂志

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is a research area with highly original innovation features,and is also a Chinese name card to the world. However,TCM owns a unique theoretical system which is quite different from western modern medicine,leading to an awkward situation of deficient modern social identity as well as poor international spread. Therefore,how to establish a research strategy in line with the characteristics of TCM itself to systematically interpret the unique scientific connotation of TCM is always a public hot topic. Based on persistent practical exploration and scientific consideration in TCM,our group firstly promoted the concept of traditional Chinese medicine chemical biology(TCM chemical biology,TCMCB). The major idea of TCMCB is to clarify the nature of TCM regulating life progress to link TCM to modern medicine by using TCM components as chemical tools. Notably,TCMCB mainly focuses on TCM target identification and TCM-guided disease molecular mechanism exploration,further to clarify the basic law of TCM mediating disease process. Finally,TCMCB-guided scientific studies can help explain TCM theory and promote the developmentof modern innovative drugs based on identified targets using TCM active components. Moreover,TCMCB is of vital importance for investigating the scientific nature of biological progress and the pattern of disease occurrence and development,indicating a key significance for modern life science and medicine. This review introduces the definition of TCMCB as well as its academic thought,research method,technology system and scientific significance,for providing new research ideas and scientific thoughts for TCM development.

Occlusal analysis of implant-supported fixed denture in edentulous patients / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#This study aims to evaluate the occlusal characteristics of full edentulous patients with implant-supported prostheses and to provide a reference with the occlusal situation for clinicians.@*METHODS@#A Teetester occlusal analysis system was used with 30 full edentulous patients of implant-supported fixed denture (test group) in comparison with 30 natural dentition (control group). The percentage of occlusal force distribution were measured, as well as the occlusal time at the intercuspal, protrusion, and left and right lateral positions.@*RESULTS@#Compared with control group, the occlusion time, maximum occlusal force in intercuspal of test group significantly reduced (P<0.05); while control group was obviously superior to test group in the left and right bit force degree. Disclusion time in protrusion, occlusion times in lateral positions of test group also significantly reduced (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in average occlusion force, percentage of total force in anterior teeth, and lateral occlusion between test group and control group.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The maximum occlusal force in intercuspal of full edentulous patients with implant-supported prostheses reduce. The occlusal force in protrusive occlusion is concentrated in the front teeth, and the group function occlusion is the main lateral occlusal pattern.

Clinical and cytogenetic study in a child with de novo chromosome 9 abnormality / 中国当代儿科杂志

This study aimed to analyze the clinical phenotype of chromosome 9p deletion or duplication and its relationship with karyotype. A patient, female, aged 6 months, visited the hospital due to motor developmental delay. Karyotype analysis identified abnormalities of chromosome 9 short arm, and high-throughput sequencing found 9p24.3-9p23 deletion and 9p23-9p13.1 duplication. Her parents had a normal karyotype. Karyotype analysis combined with high-throughput sequencing is of great significance for improving the efficiency of etiological diagnosis in children with motor developmental delay or multiple congenital deformities and mental retardation.

Epidemiological analysis of 440 cases of respiratory adenovirus infections in children from the Suzhou area between 2006 and 2015 / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the epidemiological characteristics of respiratory adenovirus (ADV) infections in children from the Suzhou area, China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of ADV-positive children out of 35 529 children with respiratory tract infections who were hospitalized in the Children's Hospital of Soochow University between January 2006 and December 2015 were retrospectively studied.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 35 529 children with respiratory tract infections, 440 (1.24%) were ADV-positive. There was no significant difference in the rate of ADV infections between boys and girls (1.18% vs 1.34%). The ADV infection rates of children at the age of <1 year old, 1-3 years old, 3-7 years old and 7-14 years old were 0.39% (71/18 002), 1.12% (103/9 191), 3.14% (201/6 398), and 3.35%( 65/1 938) respectively and the rate increased with age (P<0.01). The ADV infection rates in spring [1.85%(60/8 658)] and summer [2.20%(189/8 606)] were significantly higher than in autumn [0.30%(27/8 952)] and winter [0.69%(64/9 313)] (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The ADV infection rate is increased with age in the children from the Suzhou area, but it is not associated with gender. ADV infections are more common in spring and summer.</p>

Neurodevelopmental features of preterm infants at the corrected age of 1 year / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the neurodevelopmental level of preterm infants at the corrected age of 1 year and the effect of complications on neurodevelopment.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data and follow-up data of hospitalized preterm infants were retrospectively studied. The Bayley Scales of Infant Development was used to assess the neurodevelopmental level. Preterm infants were divided into groups according to gestational age, birth weight, and the presence or absence of complications. The mental development index (MDI) and psychomotor development index (PDI) were compared between groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At the corrected age of 1 year, compared with the late preterm infants, the early preterm infants had significantly lower MDI and PDI (P<0.05) and significantly higher rates of retarded intellectual and psychomotor development (P<0.01). Compared with the normal birth weight group, the low birth weight group had significantly lower MDI and PDI (P<0.01) and significantly higher rates of retarded intellectual and psychomotor development (P<0.01). The preterm infants with hyperbilirubinemia, birth asphyxia or neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) had significantly lower MDI and PDI than those without such complications (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Lower gestational age and birth weight are associated with worse intellectual and psychomotor development in preterm infants. Complications, such as hyperbilirubinemia, birth asphyxia and NRDS, have adverse effects on neurodevelopment of preterm infants.</p>

Protective effect of Shouwu Yizhi decoction against vascular dementia by promoting angiogenesis / 中国天然药物

Shouwu is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with neuroprotective effect. Shouwu Yizhi decoction (SYD) was designed based on TCM theory. However, little is known about the roles of SYD in Vascular dementia (VaD). The present study aimed to evaluate the potential effects of SYD on the vascular cognitive impairment and explore the underlying mechanism by establishing focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) rat model to induce VaD. SYD administration (54 mg·kg) for 40 days obviously improved the vascular cognitive impairment in the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rats as evidenced by the declined neurological deficit score and shortened escape latency via neurological deficit assessment and Morris water maze test. Moreover, SYD decreased neuron damage-induced cell death and ameliorated the ultrastructure of endothelial cells in the MCAO rats, thereby alleviating VaD. Mechanistically, SYD caused increases in the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), CD34 and CD31, compared with the MCAO rats in coronal hippocampus. Simultaneously, the expression level of miR-210 was elevated significantly after SYD administration, compared with the vehicle rats (P < 0.01). The expression of Notch 4 at both mRNA and protein levels was upregulated remarkably along with the notably downregulated DLL4 expression under SYD administration compared with the vehicle rats (P < 0.05). Overall, the above results indicated that SYD promoted angiogenesis by upregulating VEGF-induced miR210 expression to activate Notch pathway, and further alleviated neuron damage and ameliorated the ultrastructure of endothelial cells in the MCAO rats, ultimately enhancing the cognition and memory of MCAO rats. Therefore, our findings preliminarily identified the effect and the mechanism of action for SYD on VaD in rats. SYD could be a potential candidate in treatment of VaD.

Therapeutic effects of the smartphones and pads on hyperopia amblyopia of children / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To evaluate the therapeutic effects of the fine sight training with the smartphones and pads on hyperopia amblyopia of children.METHODS:One hundred and twenty children (120 eyes) with hyperopia amblyopia were randomly divided into two groups in this prospective study.All the children in these two groups received the basic treatments of spectacle correction,penalization therapy and amblyopia trainings.The treatments of red-light blinking and grating as well as traditional fine sight training were used for the children in the control group.However,the smartphones and pads were applied instead of the traditional performances for the fine sight training in the experimental group.Best corrected visual acuity of every child was tested for every 3mo,to observe the time for the visual improvement and efficacy.RESULTS:In comparison with the control group,significant shorter time (80.54 ± 30.87d,P＜ 0.05) for promoted one line of LogMAR visual acuity and average treatment time (15.34±7.24mo,P＜0.05) were harvested in the experimental group.The efficacy in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (Z=-2.37,P=0.02).CONCLUSION:The fine sight training with the smartphones and pads can improve vison faster than traditional methods and decrease the time of therapy in children with hyperopia amblyopia,thus providing a new strategy for the treatment of hyperopia amblyopia.

Pharmacokinetics of mercury after oral administration of cinnabaris and Fufang Niuhuang Xiaoyan capsule in rats / 中国中药杂志

Fufang Niuhuang Xiaoyan capsule was a classical compound prescription with the efficacy of heat-clearing, detoxification, sedation and anti-inflammation, with cinnabaris as one of its active ingredients. The study focuses on the pharmacokinetics of mercury in rats after oral administration of cinnabaris and Fufang Niuhuang Xiaoyan capsule, in order to explore the effect of combined traditional Chinese medicines on mercury metabolism. In this study, the method of nitric-perchloric acid digestion system coupled with cold atomic-atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (CV-AFS) was adopted to accurately determine mercury in whole blood of rats. Fufang Niuhueng Xiaoyan capsule had three dose schemes of oral administration, namely equivalent clinical dose, 3 times of equivalent clinical dose and 10 times of equivalent clinical dose; And the doses of oral administration of cinnabaris was calculated according to that of Fufang Niuhuang Xiaoyan capsule. SPF grade healthy SD rats were fasted overnight before the oral administration with cinnabaris suspension (or Fufang Niuhuang Xiaoyan capsule suspension). After oral administration of different doses of cinnabaris, no obvious changes in tmax and MRT were observed, while Cmax/dose, AUC0-48 h/dose and AUC0-∞/dose decreased with the increase in dose, indicating that total mercury absorption in body was declining. As the dose increased, Ke, CL/F decreased, and t1/2 increased, indicating that the elimination slowed down, and mercury metabolism showed non-linear dynamic characteristics within a certain range of dose (22-220 mg•kg⁻¹). The total mercury metabolism in the whole blood of rats after oral administration with different doses of Fufang Niuhuang Xiaoyan capsule also showed non-linear dynamic characteristics. The results were correlated with the low solubility of cinnabaris in the body. Compared with cinnabaris, Fufang Niuhuang Xiaoyan capsule showed no obvious changes in V/F and MRT, while Ke, CL/F, tmax decreased, and t1/2, Cmax/dose, AUC0-48 h/dose, AUC0-∞/dose increased significantly. The results showed that Fufang Niuhuang Xiaoyan capsule accelerated absorption, slowed down elimination and improved the total absorption of mercury in the whole blood, indicating that Fufang Niuhuang Xiaoyan capsule may contain components for promoting absorption and alleviating elimination of mercury. Fufang Niuhuang Xiaoyan capsule had an impact on the pharmacokinetics of cinnabaris, and long-term administration of cinnabaris (Fufang Niuhuang Xiaoyan capsule) was possible to cause accumulation of mercury in the body. This study could explain changes in efficacy of Fufang Niuhuang Xiaoyan capsule, evaluate the rationality of compound medicines containing toxic elements and provide scientific basis for the rational and safe use of Fufang Niuhuang Xiaoyan capsule.

Factors affecting recovery of consciousness in patients with disorders of consciousness following brain trauma: a logistic regression analysis / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the factors that affect the recovery of consciousness in patients with disorders of consciousness following brain trauma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We analyzed the data of 114 patients with disorders of consciousness following brain trauma admitted for rehabilitation. Bilateral logistic regression analysis was used to explore the factors that affected the recovery of the patients' consciousness. A logistic regression model was established and the ROC curve was drawn to obtain the optimal threshold of the prognostic model.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Univariate analysis showed that vegetative state duration (P<0.001), CRS-R scores (P<0.001), hydrocephalus (P=0.037), hypertonia (P=0.034), central fever (P=0.035), paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) (P=0.004), and epilepsy seizures were correlated with the recovery of consciousness. Logistic multivariate analysis showed that central fever (OR=3.493, P=0.044), vegetative state duration (OR=1.016, P=0.008), PSH (OR=4.223, P=0.034) and CRS-R scores (OR=0.640, P=0.002) all significantly affected the recovery of consciousness. The χvalue of the Hosmer-Lemeshow test was 10.214 (P=0.250), and the goodness of fit of this model indicated an outstanding fitting (c=0.91).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The presence of PSH is the one of the most important factor followed by centric fever to affect the outcome of patients with disorders of consciousness. A lower CRS-R score and a longer duration of vegetative state also predict a poor recovery of consciousness in these patients.</p>