Effect of Notch1 on extracellular matrix deposition in the renal tubulointerstitium of diabetes / 生理学报

The aim of the present study was to observe the effects of Notch1 and autophagy on extracellular matrix deposition in renal tubulointerstitium of diabetes and to explore the mechanism. The mice were randomly divided into normal control group (db/m mice) and diabetes group (db/db mice). After 12 weeks of feeding, the mice were sacrificed and the corresponding biochemical indexes were measured. Rat renal tubular epithelial cells NRK52E were cultured under normal glucose (NG) and high glucose (HG) respectively, and the expression of Notch1 and LC3 proteins were detected by Western blotting. Autophagosomes in NRK52E cells with overexpressed and knockdown Notch1 under NG and HG conditions were observed by confocal microscope, and the expression changes of Notch1, Collagen-I and III protein were detected by immunofluorescence. The results showed that the Notch1 and Collagen-III expressions were increased (P < 0.01) and the LC3 expression was decreased (P < 0.05) in db/db mice compared with db/m mice. In vitro, the Notch1 was increased (P < 0.01) and the LC3 expression was decreased significantly (P < 0.01) in NRK52E cells of HG group compared with NG group. There was no significant change of Notch1 and LC3 expression between the mannitol (MA) group and the NG group. Autophagy was decreased and extracellular matrix deposition was aggravated when Notch1 was overexpressed. In contrast, autophagy was increased and extracellular matrix deposition was relieved by knockdown of Notch1 under HG conditions. In conclusion, Notch1 protein expression was increased and autophagy was reduced in renal tissue of diabetes and renal tubular epithelial cells under HG. The extracellular matrix deposition in the renal tubulointerstitium was relieved by regulating autophagy after the knockdown of Notch1.

Relationship between unexplained sighs in children and head-up tilt test / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To explore the relationship between unexplained sighs in children and head-up tilt test (HUTT).Methods Ninety-six cases of children with the main symptom of unexplained sighs were received at Specialist Out-Patient Clinic of Children's Syncope from May 2003 to Mar.2012 in the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University,aged 4-14 years old(50 cases were male,46 cases were female),with a mean age of (8.55 ±2.71)years.The detailed history,physical examinations,conventional 12 lead electrocardiogram,chest x-ray,and echocardiography were all investigated,as well as the examination of myocardial enzyme,to eliminate the disorders of organic chest wall,heart,lung disease,and then HUTT inspection was given to them.Results HUTT positive rate was 31.25％ (30/96 cases),and no gender differences were found [20.00％ (10/50 cases) vs 43.48 ％ (20/46 cases),x2 =3.196,P ＞0.05].The positive cases included the basic head-up tilt table test in 2 cases(6.67％) and sublingual nitroglycerin head-up tilt test in 28 patients(93.33％).The hemodynamic changes in HUTT were found in 26 cases of vascular inhibited type(86.67％),heart inhibited type in 1 patient(3.33％) and the mixed type in 3 cases(10.00％).Conclusions Almost a third of children with unexplained sighs are related to the autonomic function disorder.HUTT may help to determine the causes of clinical unexplained sighs in children.

Clinical observation on treatment of hyperemesis gravidarum by integrative Chinese and Western medicine and its influence on serum motilin / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinical therapeutic effect of integrative Chinese and Western medicine on patients with hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) and its influence on serum level of motilin (MOT).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty patients with HG were randomized equally into two groups, the treated group and the control group. They all received the Western medical supportive treatment mainly by fluid infusion, but for patients in the treated group, Chinese herbal medicine, the Yuntu recipe was given orally in combination. The course of treatment was 6 days. Besides, a group of 30 women with regular pregnancy was set up for normal control. Serum levels of MOT and beta-HCG were measured before and after treatment. And patients were followed up for 2 weeks.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The curative rate and the relapse rate was 73.3% (22/30) and 16.7% (5/25) in the treated group; 56.7% (17/30) and 33.3% (10/20) in the control group respectively, the curative rate was significantly higher and the relapse rate was significantly lower in the treated group than those in the control group (P>0.05). Blood 3-HCG levels in the two HG groups were similar to that of the normal control, and changed insignificantly after treatment (P>0.05), while serum level of MOT in them were 67.15 +/- 15.94 ng/L and 70.28 +/- 13.56 ng/L respectively before treatment, significantly lowers than that of the normal control (145.35 +/- 30.12 ng/L, P<0.05), but it increased significantly after treatment in the treated and the control groups (P<0.05), being 151.50 +/- 54.84 ng/ L vs 103.28 +/- 38.31 ng/L and the increasing in the treated group was more significant than that in the control group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The occurrence of HG is correlated with the lowering of serum MOT level. Integrative medical treatment is effective in treating HG by way of increasing the serum level of MOT and promoting the peristalsis of stomach.</p>