ABSTRACT
Keloid is a fibrous proliferative disease of the skin, and its pathological essence is excessive wound healing caused by excessive fibrosis. Its pathological mechanism is complex and unclear. At present, it is believed that the cellular mechanism of keloids mainly involves inflammatory cells and fibrosis-related cells, as well as cytokines such as growth factors, interleukins, tumor necrosis factor, and matrix metalloproteinase; the molecular mechanism mainly involves TGF-p/Smad pathway, NF-Mo- lecular mechanisms such as kB pathway, STAT3 signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and focal adhesion kinase. This article reviews the latest research progress on the pathological mechanism of keloids from the perspectives of cells, cytokines, and molecular signaling pathways.