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1.
Journal of Acupuncture and Tuina Science ; (6): 215-222, 2019.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-756719

ABSTRACT

Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in uterine tissues of rats with primary dysmenorrhea (PD), thus to explore the possible mechanism of EA for PD. Methods: Fifty female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, an EA at non-acupoint group, an EA at acupoint group and a Western medicine group, with 10 rats in each group. Except for the normal group, rats in the other four groups were treated with estradiol benzoate combined with oxytocin for 11 d to establish PD rat models. From day 1 of the modeling, rats in the normal group and the model group were only properly grasped without any intervention; Guanyuan (CV 4) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) were selected for EA treatment in the EA at acupoint group; rats in the EA at non-acupoint group were treated with EA at 5 mm away from the acupoints selected above; rats in the Western medicine group were treated with ibuprofen via gavage. Rats in each group were treated for 10-day successively. On the 11th day, except for the normal group, rats in the other groups were intraperitoneally injected with oxytocin (2 U/rat), and the writhing number within 30 min in each group was compared; the pathological changes in rat uteruses were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and the pathological damage scores were evaluated. Protein expression levels of NF-κB p65, phospho-NF-κB p65, NLRP3, cysteine aspastic acid-specific protease 1 (caspase-1), interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 were detected by Western blot. Results: Compared with the normal group, the writhing number increased significantly (P<0.05), and the extensive exfoliation of the endometrium, severe edema, and histopathological score all increased significantly in the model group (P<0.05) as well as the protein levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18, and the ratio of phospho-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 in rat uterine tissues (all P<0.05); compared with the model group, the numbers of writhing reaction decreased within 30 min (P<0.05), the endometrial exfoliation was rare, the edema degree was mild, and the histopathological scores decreased significantly (all P<0.05) in the EA at acupoint group and the Western medicine group; compared with the model group, the phospho-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 ratio and the NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 protein levels of rat uterine tissues in the EA at acupoint group were significantly lower (P<0.05); compared with the model group, the caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 protein levels of the rat uterine tissues decreased significantly (all P<0.05), and the differences in the NLRP3 and phospho-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 levels were statistically insignificant (all P>0.05) in the Western medicine group; compared with the Western medicine group, the phospho-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 ratio, also the NLRP3, IL-1β and IL-18 protein levels of the uterine tissues decreased significantly in the EA at acupoint group (all P<0.05), while the difference in the caspase-1 level was statistically insignificant (P>0.05); there were no significant differences between the EA at non-acupoint group and the model group in any indicators (all P>0.05). Conclusion: EA at acupoints significantly improves the pain and pathological damages of PD rats. The mechanism may be related to the reduced uterine inflammation via inhibiting NF-κB phosphorylation and NLRP3 activation in uteruses of PD rats.

2.
Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae ; (6): 552-561, 2017.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-327782

ABSTRACT

Objective To explore the efficacy of ganoderma lucidum preparation(Ling Zhi) in treating APP/PS-1 transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease(AD).Methods APP/PS-1 transgenic mice of 4 months were randomly divided into model group,ganoderma lucidum treatment groups,including high [2250 mg/(kg·d)] and middle [750 mg/(kg·d)] dose groups,i.e.LZ-H and LZ-M groups,and the positive control group(treated with donepezil hydrochloride [2 mg/(kg·d)]).In addition,C57BL/6J wild mice were selected as normal group.The animals were administered for 4 months.Histopathological examinations including hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining,immunohistochemistry,special staining,and electron microscopy were applied,and then the pathological morphology and structures in different groups were compared. Results The senile plaques and neurofibrillar tangles in the cerebrum and cerebellum were dissolved or disappeared in LZ-H and LZ-M groups.Decrease of amyloid angiopathy was found in LZ-H and LZ-M groups.The immature neurons appeared more in hippocampus and dentate nucleus of LZ-H and LZ-M groups than those in AD model and donepezil hydrochloride groups(hippcampus:F=1.738,P=0.016;dentate nucleus:F=1.924,P=0.026),and these immature neurons differentiated to be neurons.More Purkinje cells loss occurred in AD model mice than that in LZ-H and LZ-M groups(F=9.46,P=0.007;F=9.46,P=0.010).The LZ-H and LZ-M groups had more new neuron stem cells grown up in cerebellum.Electromicroscopic examination showed the hippocampal neurons in LZ-H and LZ-M group were integrated,the nuclear membrane was intact,and the mitochondria in the cytoplasm,endoplasmic reticulum,Golgi bodies,microtubules,and synapses were also complete.The microglial cell showed no abnormality.No toxicity appeared in the pathological specimens of mice treated with ganoderma lucidum preparation.Conclusion The ganoderma lucidum preparation can dissolve and decline or dismiss the senile plaques and neurofibrillar tangles in the brain of AD mice and also reduce the amyloid angiopathy.

3.
Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae ; (6): 318-324, 2011.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-341408

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effectiveness of the traditional Chinese herbal medicine Lingzhi (Ganoderma lucidum) preparation in treating simian acquired immune deficiency syndrome (SAIDS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Five female adult Chinese rhesus monkeys were inoculated rectally with SIVmac239, and were all diagnosed as SAIDS by laboratory and clinical examinations 17 months later. Of these 5 monkeys, 3 (#393, #374, and #381; treatment group) were orally administered with Ganoderma lucidum (2 spores powder capsules plus 2 spores oil capsules on a daily basis), and the remaining other two monkeys (#348 and #361) served as control and did not receive treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Animal #393 (treatment group), #361 (control group) and #348 (control group) died of SAIDS (opportunity infection) 3.5 months, 6 months, and 11 months later, respectively. Two animals (#374 and #381) survived. The necropsy revealed depletion and/or exhaustion of their lymphoid tissue. In the monkey #374, the peripheral CD4(+) T lymphocyte increased by 30% in the 6(th) month compared with the baseline level and then fluctuated. The plasma viral load gradually fell and reached about 1 log(10) in the treatment group, but remained stable in the control group. As shown by pathological examinations, the lymph node and spleen of monkeys #374 (treatment group) and #381 (treatment group) showed rehabilitation and reconstruction in the lymphatic tissue, thymus, nerve tissue of gyrus hippocampi, pituitary gland, pineal body, thyroid gland, adrenal gland, and ovary. In the control group, however, animals experienced depletion of lymph nodes, atrophy of spleen, disappearance of thymus, and other disorders in endocrine organs.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ganoderma lucidum preparation may have certain protective effect on the immune system, nervous system, and endocrine system of monkeys with SAIDS.</p>


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Disease Models, Animal , Macaca mulatta , Materia Medica , Therapeutic Uses , Reishi , Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome , Drug Therapy , Allergy and Immunology , Treatment Outcome
4.
Chinese journal of integrative medicine ; (12): 128-132, 2009.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-236217

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of HHI-I (I) on the cerebral microcirculation, the blood-brain barrier permeability in rats and anti-hypoxic activity in mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>(1) The blood microcirculation of the brain in rats was investigated by laser Doppler flowmetry with the probes laid on the cerebral pia mater or inserted into the brain parenchyma. (2) The protective action of HHI-I against the brain microcirculation disturbance induced by intravenous injection of high-molecular dextran (10%, 9 mL/kg) was observed. (3) The protective effect of HHI-I against lethal hypoxia in mice was observed with a hypoxic chamber containing 5% oxygen. (4) The disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability in rats was caused by phenylephrine-induced hypertension, and the effect of intravenous injection of HHI-I on the BBB permeability was determined using Evans blue as the marker.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>HHI-I could increase the blood flow of the cerebral microcirculation in rats and possess some protective effects on the brain microcirculatory disturbance. Besides, HHI-I could decrease the brain edema occurring in the process of lethal hypoxia in mice. While increasing the blood flow of brain, HHI-I could lower the BBB permeability in rats.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HHI-I has several beneficial effects on the cerebral microcirculation, blood-brain barrier in rats and anti-hypoxic activity in mice.</p>


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Mice , Rats , Blood-Brain Barrier , Brain , Capillary Permeability , Cell Hypoxia , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Pharmacology , Injections, Intravenous , Mice, Inbred Strains , Microcirculation , Rats, Wistar
5.
Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae ; (6): 156-160, 2008.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-298722

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the biological and clinical features of Chinese rhesus monkeys after intravenous (IV) and intrarectal (IR) challenge with SIVmac239 in rhesus monkeys of Chinese origin, and compare the differences between the routes of infection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rhesus monkeys of Chinese origin were inoculated with SIVmac239 either by IV (n = 19) or IR (n = 6) routes. Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-specific antibody titer, CD4 + T cell counting, plasma SIV load, lymph node pathology, and clinical manifestations were compared between these two groups 232 or 168 days after challenging.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All SIVmac239-inoculated animals became seropositive for SIV-specific antibodies. SIV-specific IgM was detected in IV groups as from day 10 but was not detected in IR for all the time points. Although SIV-specific IgG was detected as from day 30 in both groups, the IgG titers were ten-fold higher in IV group than in IR group after day 168. CD4 + T-cell counting decreased progressively in IV group but remained stable in IR group over time. Plasma SIV RNA loads peaked in all animals between day 10 and day 14 (10(7) copies/ml), then declined to "setpoint" (10(3) - 10(6) copies/ml) about 2 months later. Most inoculated animals manifested lymphadenopathy. Two animals in IV group and one in IR group died of simian AIDS between day 150 and day 210, as evidenced by the autopsies showing the depletion of lymph tissues, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and other opportunity infections. Conclusion IV or IR inoculation of SIVmac239 in Chinese rhesus monkeys will result in chronic SIV infection with a similar clinical feature of natural HIV infection, which provides an excellent experimental animal model for AIDS.</p>


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes , Metabolism , China , Disease Models, Animal , Macaca mulatta , Virology , Rectum , Virology , Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome , Allergy and Immunology , Virology , Simian Immunodeficiency Virus , Allergy and Immunology , Virulence , Veins , Virology
6.
Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae ; (6): 379-383, 2007.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-229970

ABSTRACT

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the relationship between simian acquired immunodeficiency syndromn (SAIDS) and autoimmunity in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected monkeys.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Indirect immunofluorescence assays were performed to detect plasma or serum autoantibodies in SIV-infected monkeys. The heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, and lymph node of BALB/c mice, a strain of endothelial cell ECV304, and granulocytes were used as target antigens. These results were compared with HE stained slides of SIV-infected monkeys.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The levels of various autoantibodies, including anti-lymphocyte autoantibodies, anti-endothelial cell autoantibodies, and anti-granulocyte antibodies, increased after SIV infection in monkeys. Moreover, pathological examinations showed injuries in the lymphoid tissue and vascular pathological changes in cerebral cortex, submucosa of gastrointestinal tract, interstitial capillaries of myocardium, nephron of the kidney, and sinusoid cell of liver.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The increased autoantibodies and the pathological changes of tissues and organs confirm the existence of autoimmunity in SIV-infected monkeys.</p>


Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Autoantibodies , Blood , Autoimmunity , Endothelial Cells , Allergy and Immunology , Granulocytes , Allergy and Immunology , Lymphocytes , Allergy and Immunology , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome , Allergy and Immunology , Pathology , Simian Immunodeficiency Virus
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