Molecular epidemiology of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from ready-to-eat food in 2017 in China / 中华预防医学杂志

To analyze the molecular characteristics of strains from ready-to eat food in China. A total of 239 strains isolated from ready-to-eat food in 2017, all strains underwent whole-genome sequencing (WGS) , and comparisons uncovered population structure derived from lineages, clonal complex, serogroups, antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence, which were inferred in silico from the WGS data. Core genome multilocus sequence typing was used to subtype isolates. All strains were categorized into three different lineages, lineage Ⅱ was the predominant types in food, and IIa was the main serogroups. CC8, CC101 and CC87 were the first three prevalent CCs among 23 detected CCs, accounting for 49.4%. Only 4.6% (11 isolates) of tested strains harbored antibiotic resistance genes, which were mostly trimethoprim genes (7 isolates, 2.9%). All strains were positive for LIPI-1, and only a part of strains harbored LIPI-3 and LIPI-4, accounting for 13.8% (33 isolates) and 14.2% (34 isolates), respectively. ST619 carried both LIPI-3 and LIPI-4. 51.5% (123 isolates) of strains carried SSI-1, and all CC121 strains harbored SSI-2. Different lineages, serogroups and CCs can be separated obviously through cgMLST analysis, and 24 sublineages were highly concordant with CCs. Ⅱa was the main serogroups in ready-to-eat food isolates in China; CC8, CC101 and CC87 were the prevalent CCs, and CC87 isolates was hypervirulent isolates, cgMLST method can be adopted for prospective foodborne disease surveillance and outbreaks detection.

Application of high performance liquid-ion trap mass spectrometry in analyzing saponins in sodium aescinate / 中国中药杂志

Sodium aescinate, which is produced from saponins of Chinese Buckeye Seed, is a prescription drug for treatment of brain edema and all kinds of swellings caused by surgery. In this article, high-performance liquid chromatography/ion trap (HPLC-IT) mass spectrometry was applied to study the characteristic ions of ten reference substances, namely escin Ⅰa, escin Ⅰb, isoescin Ⅰa, isoescin Ⅰb, aesculiside A, aesculiside B, aesculuside A, escin Ⅳc, escinⅡa and escin Ⅴ, which were isolated from aescinate. Furthermore, 19 saponin compounds were predicted in sodium aescinate, besides the above mentioned reference substances. The study showed that sapogenins in sodium aescinate had two structural types, namely protoaescigenin and barringenol C, and the substituent acetyl, tigloyl or angeloyl was usually located at C-21, C-22 or C-28 position. Among these predicted saponins, their sugar chains were all located at C-3 position consisting of glucose and glucuronide. This study provides experimental data for chemical constituents in sodium aescinate and scientific basis for quality and safety evaluation.

Analysis of Y-chromosomal biallelic polymorphisms in Sichuan Han of Chinese population / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the forensic utility of Y-single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) markers.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Allele-specific PCR, restriction enzyme digestion or direct PCR were performed to examine 10 different SNP loci on Y chromosome, namely M9, M15, M45, M89, M95, M122, M134, M145, M173 and P25 in 161 Chinese Han males.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 8 of the 10 SNPs are reported to be polymorphic in Chinese. The gene diversity for the loci showing polymorphism ranged from 0.988/0.012-0.752/0.248, with a power of discrimination 0.094-0.373. Loci M122 and M134 were the most polymorphic markers in Chinese Hans. Nine different haplogroups with frequencies from 1.2% to 51.6% were observed and 3 of the haplogroups-K*(x O2a, O3, P), O3*(x O3e) and O3e were found in 75.2% of Chinese Hans.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A comprehensive gene diversity data of Y chromosome and haplogroups were obtained in Sichuan Han population, which will be served as the base for using these Y-SNP markers in forensic medicine and individual identification in Sichuan Hans.</p>

Effects of oxymetazoline hydrochloride on ex vivo human nasal cilia movement measured with high-speed digital microscopy / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of oxymetazoline hydrochloride on ex vivo human nasal cilia movement.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ciliary beat frequency (CBF) of cultured human nasal epithelial cells was measured by high-speed digital microscopy in HBSS and oxymetazoline hydrochloride of different concentrations in 20 minutes. RESULTS; CBF of cultured nasal epithelial cells in HBSS and 0.25 g/L oxymetazoline hydrochloride did not show significant changes in 20 minutes (F = 0.098, P = 1.00). However, in 0.50 g/L and 1.00 g/L oxymetazoline hydrochloride, CBF increased slightly in 3 -4 minutes and reached the apex, then decreased gradually. At the end of observation, CBF showed no significant difference in 0.50 g/L, (F = 2.94, P = 0.05) but there was a significant lower CBF in 1.00 g/L. In the first 3 minutes, the CBF in 2.00 g/L oxymetazoline hydrochloride was stable, and then slowed gradually. After 16 minutes, there was significant difference. In initial, the highest normalized CBF of each group showed no significant difference. However, the lowest normalized CBF of 1.00 and 2.00 g/L oxymetazoline hydrochloride showed a significant difference with HBSS, 0.25 and 0.50 g/L oxymetazoline hydrochloride.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Oxymetazoline had a concentration-dependent inhibitory effect on cultured human nasal CBF from 0.25 to 2.00 g/L. The inhibitory effect increased with the concentration going up. Oxymetazoline hydrochloride of 0.50 g/L might be the optimal choice for clinical application.</p>

Effects of ephedrine on human nasal cilia movement measured with high-speed digital microscopy / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of ephedrine on human nasal cilia movement.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ciliary beat frequency (CBF) of cultured human nasal epithelial cells was measured by high-speed digital microscopy in HBSS and ephedrine solution of different concentrations in 10 minutes.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>CBF of cultured nasal epithelial cells exposed to HBSS showed no significant changes in 10 minutes. However, in 2.5 g/L , 5 g/L, 10 g/L and 20 g/L ephedrine solution, CBF increased significantly in 1-2 minutes and reached the apex, then it decreased gradually, at the 10th minute. CBF of the samples exposed to 2.5 g/L and 5 g/L ephedrine solution were slower than those in HBSS, but no significant changes were found. However, in 10 g/L and 20 g/L ephedrine solution, CBF decreased significantly when compared with samples in sHBSS. With the concentrations from 2.5 g/L to 20 g/L ephedrine, the increment was independent on the concentration, the inhibitory effect was dependent on the concentration.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>In initial time, 2. 5 g/L-20 g/L ephedrine stimulated CBF, then 10 g/L-20 g/L ephedrine inhibited CBF. The stimulation of 2.5 g/L and 5 g/L ephedrine on CBF was longer than that of 10 g/L and 20 g/L ephedrine. 5 g/L ephedrine had maximum stimulatory effect without obvious inhibitory effect on cultured human nasal CBF.</p>

Expression, purification and characterization of the recombinant anthrax protective antigen / 生物工程学报

An expression plasmid carrying anthrax protective antigen (PA) gene was constructed, which has an OmpA signal sequence attached to the 5' end of PA gene. The plasmid was transformed into E. coli and induced to express recombinant PA (rPA) . The recombinant protein, about 10% of the total bacterial protein in volume, was secreted to the periplasmic space of the cell. After a purification procedure including ion-exchange, hydrophobic interaction chromatography, and gel filtration, about 15 mg of 95 % pure rPA was obtained from 1-liter culture. The bioactivity of rPA was proved by in vitro cytotoxicity assay. The polyclonal antiserum from rabbits immunized with rPA could inhibit the action of anthrax lethal toxin in vitro, which suggests that antibodies against rPA can provide high passive protection against anthrax. The results reported here may be helpful to develop a safe and efficacious recombinant PA vaccine against anthrax.

Analyses of the complex prescriptions of Luofendeine / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

Aim To study the actions of Luofendeine and its component. Methods LD50 tests of Luofendeine and its component, heat_board text and body_twisting test of mice were pertormed to learn its analgesic and antiinflammatory actions. Results The analgesic action and antiinflammatory action were increased when codamine was mixed with buluofen by the rate of 13∶200,without increasing its toxicity. Conclution The complex prescription of Luofendeine is rational and can increase the analgesic action obviously.

The role of GSK-3?in apoptosis induced by proteasome inhibitors combined with paclitaxel in ovarian cancer cells and its possible mechanism / 中国癌症杂志

Background and purpose:Proteasome inhibitors such as bortezomib,represent an interesting new class of potential anticancer drugs.In the present study,we explored the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3 to paclitaxel,proteasome inhibitors and their combination,and also studied the involvement of GSK-3?/Mcl-1 signaling pathway in the regulation of apoptosis induced by those agent.Methods:Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT)assay was applied to examine the cell viability,Annexin-V/PI apoptosis detection kit was used to determine the apoptosis rate of different groups,and western blot assay was introduced to evaluate the expression levels of phosphorylated GSK-3?and Mcl-1.Results:In the MTT assay,the cell viability ratios of combination group at serial time points from 12 to 72 hr were(65.2?5.8)%,(58.3?14.4)%,(35.3?5.0)%,(19.2?1.5)% and(11.4?2.5)%,and there were significant differences as compared to the treatment of paclitaxel alone(P

Polymorphism of the Bacillus anthracis BclA Protein / 微生物学通报

Bacillus anthracis collagen-like protein(BclA) is a structural component of the exosporium filaments,as well as the immunodominant antigen on the spore surface.The genes encoding BclA proteins were cloned and sequenced from three Bacillus anthracis strains separated from China.It was founded that the BclA proteins of strain A16R and 40048,containing 388 and 322 amino acids,72 and 50 copies of GXX repeat,5 and 3 copies of 21-amino-acid sequence(GPT)_(5)GDTGTT(BclA repeat) respectively,are different from those reported by foreign scholars;while the BclA protein of strain 40022,containing 370 amino acids,66 copies of GXX repeat,and 5 copies of BclA repeat,is identical with that of strain 53169 reported by others.The results are helpful for the molecular typing of B.anthracis strains,and provide a basis for the elucidation of the pathogenesis and immunogenicity of B.anthracis spore.