Visual analysis of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in HER2 positive breast cancer / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To analyze the research status， hotspot and development trend of tyrosine kinase inhibitors （TKIs） in the treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 （HER2） positive breast cancer. METHODS The literature related to TKIs in the treatment of HER2 positive breast cancer were searched from the Web of Science core collection database； the author， country/region， institution， subject field， journal and keywords was visualized by CiteSpace 6.1.R3 software. RESULTS A total of 732 pieces of literature were included， and the number of literature published showed an increasing trend year by year. The number of literature published in the United States was the largest （center degree 0.10）， and the number of literature published in China ranked second （center degree 0.05）. The most published and cited authors were Crown from St. Vincent’s University Hospital in Australia and Slamon from University of California， Los Angeles in the United States； the institution with the highest number of literature was the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center， and the journal with the highest number of literature was the Journal of Clinical Oncology. The research mainly focused on five aspects： HER2 positive breast cancer treatment drugs， TKIs receptor， TKIs mechanism of action， HER2 positive breast cancer brain metastasis， and TKIs clinical trials. The main frontier areas and development trends were the combination of TKIs with other drugs or therapies to enhance targeting and reduce toxic side effects. CONCLUSIONS The study of TKIs in the treatment of HER2 positive breast cancer has attracted the attention of scholars at home and abroad. Chinese scholars and research teams need to strengthen cooperation and communication in the future， and cooperation with other countries should be strengthened in terms of the efficacy and safety of TKIs alone and combined with other drugs in the treatment of HER2 positive breast cancer.

Rapid generation of gene-targeted EPS-derived mouse models through tetraploid complementation

One major strategy to generate genetically modified mouse models is gene targeting in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells, which is used to produce gene-targeted mice for wide applications in biomedicine. However, a major bottleneck in this approach is that the robustness of germline transmission of gene-targeted ES cells can be significantly reduced by their genetic and epigenetic instability after long-term culturing, which impairs the efficiency and robustness of mouse model generation. Recently, we have established a new type of pluripotent cells termed extended pluripotent stem (EPS) cells, which have superior developmental potency and robust germline competence compared to conventional mouse ES cells. In this study, we demonstrate that mouse EPS cells well maintain developmental potency and genetic stability after long-term passage. Based on gene targeting in mouse EPS cells, we established a new approach to directly and rapidly generate gene-targeted mouse models through tetraploid complementation, which could be accomplished in approximately 2 months. Importantly, using this approach, we successfully constructed mouse models in which the human interleukin 3 (IL3) or interleukin 6 (IL6) gene was knocked into its corresponding locus in the mouse genome. Our study demonstrates the feasibility of using mouse EPS cells to rapidly generate mouse models by gene targeting, which have great application potential in biomedical research.

Analysis of the posterrior fossa in 8 patients with the Chiari 0 malformation and literature review / 国际外科学杂志

Objective To discuss the postoperative efficacy of postoperative fossa decompression on patients with Chiar 0 type combined with the literature review.Methods A retrospective analysis of 8 patients fufilled the criteria for Chiari malformation Type 0 were surgically treated between Jan.2013 and Jan.2015 in Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital,and then observed the patients' postoperative efficacyaccording to Tator evaluation criteria.Results After 8 patients were performed by posterior fossa decompression,their clinical symptoms improved significantly,postoperative sagittal MR image with 1 weeks after operation revealing significantly decreased syringomyelia.In March and 1 years after surgery,the patients were followed up and the MRI showed no significant changes in the 1 week after surgery,and the symptoms were not deteriorated.Conclusions Posterior fossa decompression may be one of reasonable and effective operation for Chiari malformation Type 0 patients.This paper will be discussing with the observing the patient's postoperative efficacy and the past related literature.