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Asia-Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver published the guidelines on management of ascites in liver disease in May 2023， which introduces the diagnosis， differential diagnosis， and treatment of ascites， hyponatremia， hepatic hydrothorax， and hepatorenal syndrome in patients with liver cirrhosis and acute-on-chronic liver failure. This article summarizes the main recommendations in the guidelines， so as to provide a reference for the treatment of ascites in patients with liver diseases in China.
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Objective:To investigate the effects of Satir model group intervention on stress coping style, self-consistency and congruence and subjective well-being of re-employment nurses, in order to provide evidence for nursing managers to take targeted intervention measures.Methods:This was a quasi-experimental study. Convenience sampling was used to select 63 re-employment nurses from Shandong Provincial Third Hospital in 2021 as the research objects. The re-employment nurses were divided into control group (32 cases) and observation group (31 cases) by random number table method. The control group received humanistic care including heart-to-heart talk, group discussion and psychological lecture, and the observation group received Satir model group intervention for 6 weeks. Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, Self Consistency and Congruence Scale and General Well-Being Scale were used to evaluate the intervention effect before intervention, immediately after intervention, 3 months after intervention, and 6 months after intervention.Results:There was no significant difference in coping style, self-consistency and congruence and subjective well-being between the two groups before intervention ( P>0.05). The positive coping scores of the observation group immediately after intervention, 3 months after intervention and 6 months after intervention were (28.94 ± 2.99), (28.71 ± 4.70) and (29.16 ± 3.23) points, significantly higher than the control group (23.38 ± 5.50), (24.72 ± 5.91), (24.65 ± 5.65) points, the differences were statistically significant ( t=4.96, 2.96, 3.87, all P<0.01); the total self-consistency and congruence scores were (94.52 ± 14.00), (99.87 ± 16.82), (91.84 ± 10.36) points, significantly lower than the control group (105.72 ± 10.75), (114.23 ± 20.10), (107.41 ± 13.39) points, the differences were statistically significant ( t=-3.57, -3.07, -5.15, all P<0.01); the total subjective well-being scores were (84.97 ± 7.37), (84.58 ± 10.33), (91.84 ± 7.01) points, which were higher than the control group (75.69 ± 7.94), (77.28 ± 8.27), (77.00 ± 8.48) points, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=4.80, 3.69, 7.56, all P<0.01). Conclusions:Satir model group intervention can improve the coping style, enhance the level of self-consistency and congruence and subjective well-being among re-employment nurses.
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Deficiency of natural killer (NK) cells shows a significant impact on tumor progression and failure of immunotherapy. It is highly desirable to boost NK cell immunity by upregulating active receptors and relieving the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Unfortunately, mobilization of NK cells is hampered by poor accumulation and short retention of drugs in tumors, thus declining antitumor efficiency. Herein, we develop an acid-switchable nanoparticle with self-adaptive aggregation property for co-delivering galunisertib and interleukin 15 (IL-15). The nanoparticles induce morphology switch by a decomposition-metal coordination cascade reaction, which provides a new methodology to trigger aggregation. It shows self-adaptive size-enlargement upon acidity, thus improving drug retention in tumor to over 120 h. The diameter of agglomerates is increased and drug release is effectively promoted following reduced pH values. The nanoparticles activate both NK cell and CD8+ T cell immunity in vivo. It significantly suppresses CT26 tumor in immune-deficient BALB/c mice, and the efficiency is further improved in immunocompetent mice, indicating that the nanoparticles can not only boost innate NK cell immunity but also adaptive T cell immunity. The approach reported here provides an innovative strategy to improve drug retention in tumors, which will enhance cancer immunotherapy by boosting NK cells.
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Objective:To assess the effects of heart valve replacement under extracorporeal circulation(ECC)on left ventricular function and regulatory T cells in elderly patients with rheumatic heart disease(RHD).Methods:113 elderly patients with rheumatic heart disease receiving ECC heart valve replacement at our hospital from September 2018 to September 2020 were selected retrospectively as subjects.Another 113 healthy people from the same period were selected as the control group.Patients in the observation group received ECC heart valve replacement.Left heart function and regulatory T cells were compared between the two groups.Results:Before surgery, the left atrial transverse diameter(LA)of RHD patients was significantly increased compared with the control group[(56.2±9.3)mm vs.(29.4±3.5)mm, t=28.670, P<0.001], and the left ventricular end diastolic diameter(LVDD)[(32.4±7.7)mm vs.(38.4±8.5)mm, t=5.561, P<0.001], left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)[(58.4±11.5)% vs.(65.6±10.5)%, t=4.915, P<0.001]and cardiac output(CO)[(3.7±2.6)L/min vs.(4.7±1.6)L/min, t=3.482, P<0.001]were significantly decreased compared with the control group.There were no significant changes in left heart function parameter values 10 min and 1 day after surgery(all P>0.05).One month after surgery, the inner diameter of pulmonary artery(PA)[(25.2±3.8)mm vs.(31.2±5.6)mm, t=9.659, P<0.001]and LA[(46.2±7.8)mm vs.(56.2±9.3)mm, t=8.758, P<0.001]were decreased compared with those before surgery, while changes in right ventricular end diastolic inner diameter(RVDD)and left ventricular end diastolic inner diameter(LVDD)were not significant, and there were no significant differences in LVEF, CO and LVFS(all P>0.05).The proportion of CD25 + CD4 + T cells in lymphocytes and the proportion of CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + Treg cells in CD4 + T cells in RHD patients before surgery were significantly lower than those in the control group( P<0.01).The proportions decreased 10 min and 1 day after surgery, but increased 3 days after surgery and returned to preoperative levels 7 days after surgery, but were still significantly lower than those in the control group( P<0.05). Conclusions:After ECC heart valve replacement in elderly RHD patients, the left atrium will shrink for a short time and tricuspid regurgitation can recover, with reduced damage of cellular immune function, but its contractile function remains unchanged.
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Objective To investigate the clinical effect of two-step percutaneous transhepatic choledochoscopic lithotomy (PTCSL) in the treatment of complex hepatolithiasis. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 118 patients with complex hepatolithiasis who were admitted to 3201 Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center from January 2018 to June 2020, and according to the surgical procedure, they were divided into PTCSL group with 60 patients and surgery group with 58 patients. All patients were followed up for half a year to 3 years via telephone and outpatient service. The two groups were compared in terms of general information, perioperative indicators (including time of operation, intraoperative blood loss, incision length, time to first flatus and time to first defecation after surgery, time to extraction of abdominal drainage tube, and length of hospital stay), changes in liver function and inflammatory indicators, postoperative complications (bile leakage, acute cholangitis, wound infection, and venous thrombosis of lower extremities), stone clearance rate and recurrence rate, and quality of life. The two-independent-samples t -test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups; the paired t -test was used for comparison between different periods of time within group; the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. Results Compared with the surgery group, the PTCSL group had significantly shorter time of operation, time to first flatus and time to first defecation after surgery, and time to extraction of abdominal drainage tube, a significantly lower intraoperative blood loss, and a significantly shorter incision length (all P < 0.05). On day 1 after surgery, both groups had significant reductions in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ( P < 0.05) and a significant increase in white blood cell count (WBC) ( P < 0.05), and the PTCSL group had significantly lower levels of ALT, AST, and WBC than the surgery group (all P < 0.05). Compared with the surgery group, the PTCSL group had significantly lower incidence rates of postoperative bile leakage (5.0% vs 17.2%, P < 0.05), acute cholangitis (3.3% vs 13.8%, P < 0.05), wound infection (1.7% vs 10.3%, P < 0.05), and venous thrombosis of lower extremities (1.7% vs 12.1%, P < 0.05). Compared with the surgery group, the PTCSL group had a significantly higher stone clearance rate (58.3% vs 37.9%, P < 0.05) and a significantly lower long-term stone recurrence rate (10.0% vs 20.7%, P < 0.05). The PTCSL group had significantly higher quality of life scores than the surgery group (all P < 0.05). Conclusion For the treatment of complex hepatolithiasis, two-step PTCSL can effectively remove stones, with the advantages of fast postoperative recovery, low recurrence rate and incidence rate of complications, and high quality of life, and therefore, it is an effective alternative surgical procedure.
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Objective To investigate the clinical effect of percutaneous transhepatic drainage combined with sequential percutaneous nephroscopy for necrosectomy and drainage in the treatment of refractory liver abscess after transcatheter arterial embolization (TACE). Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for three patients with refractory liver abscess after TACE in The Affiliated 3201 Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine from January 2018 to December 2020, and among the three patients, one had the formation of liver abscess after TACE for hepatic metastases after pancreaticoduodenectomy, one had liver abscess after repeated TACE for massive hepatocellular carcinoma, and one had secondary liver abscess after TACE for traumatic hepatic rupture. All three patients received percutaneous transhepatic drainage and sequential percutaneous nephroscopy for the treatment of refractory liver abscess, and their specific treatment process was summarized. Results All three patients were diagnosed with refractory liver abscess based on CT, routine blood test, procalcitonin, blood culture, and clinical manifestation. Percutaneous transhepatic catheterization under the guidance of conventional ultrasonography or CT and effective antibiotics had an unsatisfactory therapeutic effect, and after sequential percutaneous nephroscopy was performed for necrosectomy and drainage, liver abscess was cured and the patients had good prognosis. Conclusion For refractory liver abscess after TACE, when routine puncture treatment has an unsatisfactory therapeutic effect or a patient cannot tolerate surgical operation, percutaneous transhepatic drainage combined with sequential percutaneous nephroscopy is safe and effective in the treatment of refractory liver abscess.
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As an important promising biomarker, high frequency oscillations (HFOs) can be used to track epileptic activity and localize epileptogenic zones. However, visual marking of HFOs from a large amount of intracranial electroencephalogram (iEEG) data requires a great deal of time and effort from researchers, and is also very dependent on visual features and easily influenced by subjective factors. Therefore, we proposed an automatic epileptic HFO detection method based on visual features and non-intuitive multi-domain features. To eliminate the interference of continuous oscillatory activity in detected sporadic short HFO events, the iEEG signals adjacent to the detected events were set as the neighboring environmental range while the number of oscillations and the peak–valley differences were calculated as the environmental reference features. The proposed method was developed as a MatLab-based HFO detector to automatically detect HFOs in multi-channel, long-distance iEEG signals. The performance of our detector was evaluated on iEEG recordings from epileptic mice and patients with intractable epilepsy. More than 90% of the HFO events detected by this method were confirmed by experts, while the average missed-detection rate was < 10%. Compared with recent related research, the proposed method achieved a synchronous improvement of sensitivity and specificity, and a balance between low false-alarm rate and high detection rate. Detection results demonstrated that the proposed method performs well in sensitivity, specificity, and precision. As an auxiliary tool, our detector can greatly improve the efficiency of clinical experts in inspecting HFO events during the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy.
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MiRNAs are stable small RNAs that are expressed abundantly in animals and plants. They can bind to the 3'-untranslated region of the target mRNA, and regulate its expression at the post-transcriptional level. The miRNAs' abnormal expression and its following abnormal biological regulation are closely related to the occurrence and development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), including inflammatory response, oxidative stress injury, phagocytosis dysfunction and abnormal angiogenesis. Since the dysregulation of miR-155, miR-125b and miR-34a seems to play a more important role in AMD, these microRNAs may be expected to become the new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for AMD.
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BACKGROUND; At present, the mechanism of exercise preconditioning for myocardial protection has not been fully elucidated. It is reported that Rho/ROCK pathway plays a key role in cardiovascular disease. Whether exercise preconditioning adapts to the myocardium through the Rho/ROCK signaling pathway remains to be studied. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of exercise preconditioning in rats with myocardial injury after exhaustive exercise. METHODS: Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats of 5 weeks old were randomly divided into three groups: Control group, simple exhaustive exercise group (EE group), and exercise preconditioning group after exhaustive exercise (EP+EE group). At 1 hour after modeling, a serum sample from each rat was taken for biochemical analysis. The levels of aspartate aminotransferase, phosphocreatine kinase, and lactate dehydrogenase were detected. Myocardial tissue samples from each rat were taken for pathological observation using hematoxylin-alkaline reddish-picric acid staining. TUNEL method was used to observe apoptosis in the myocardial tissue. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-a and interleukin-10 in the myocardial tissue were detected by ELISA. The expression of RhoA, ROCK1, ROCK2, Bax, and Bcl-2 protein was analyzed by western blot. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The levels of aspartate aminotransferase, phosphocreatine kinase, and lactate dehydrogenase of the EE group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The levels of aspartate aminotransferase, phosphocreatine kinase, and lactate dehydrogenase of the EP+EE group were significantly lower than those of the EE group (P < 0.05). The boundary of cardiomyocytes was unclear in the EE group, in which there were more plaque-like or flaky red-like areas as well as more obvious ischemia-anoxia changes as compared with the control group. Some cardiomyocytes presented with unclear boundary in the EP+EE group with some plaque-like brilliant red-like areas, and the degree of ischemia and anoxemia was significantly lower in the EP+EE group than the EE group. The apoptotic index value of the EE group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the apoptotic index value of the EP+EE group was significantly lower than that of the EE group (P< 0.05). The tumor necrosis factor-a and interleukin-10 levels in the EE group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The tumor necrosis factor-a and interleukin-10 levels in the EP+EE group were significantly lower than those in the EE group (P < 0.05). The Bcl-2/Bax of the EE group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The Bcl-2/Bax of the EP+EE group was significantly higher than that of the EE group (P < 0.05). The levels of RhoA, ROCK1 and ROCK2 in the EE group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The levels of RhoA, ROCK1 and ROCK2 in the EP+EE group were significantly lower than those in the EE group (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that exercise preconditioning has a protective effect against myocardial injury and improves cardiac function in rats. The mechanism may be related to the Rho/ROCK pathway.
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BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis of osteoarthritis is unknown, and there is no effective treatment. Selecting appropriate animal models will create a good condition for animal experiments on osteoarthritis. OBJECTIVE: To review different experimental animals of osteoarthritis and different modeling methods. METHODS: CNKI, WanFang, VIP and PubMed databases were searched for the articles published from January 2013 to July 2018. The keywords were “osteoarthritis, models, animals, mice, rats, goats, guinea pigs, sheep” in Chinese and English, respectively. The repetitive articles were excluded, and the articles related to osteoarthritis and animal models were selected for summary and result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Mice, rats, guinea pigs, rabbits, dogs, sheep and other animals can be used as animal models for osteoarthritis research. When studying animal models of osteoarthritis, it is important to choose the right animal models and construction methods. Non-surgical models will not make damage to the parts except for joints, which is in accordance with the pathological process of osteoarthritis. But it is difficult to control, thus causing errors, and it cannot simulate traumatic changes. Surgical models induce joint injury by tissue damage, which exhibits advantages in rapid disease progress and obvious outcomes. Therefore, surgical models are optimal choice for short-term experiments. Different experimental animals and modeling schemes have their own advantages and disadvantages, which need to be reasonably selected according to the requirements of experiments.
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As a dioxygenase, Ten-Eleven Translocation 2 (TET2) catalyzes subsequent steps of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) oxidation. TET2 plays a critical role in the self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells, but its impact on mature hematopoietic cells is not well-characterized. Here we show that Tet2 plays an essential role in osteoclastogenesis. Deletion of Tet2 impairs the differentiation of osteoclast precursor cells (macrophages) and their maturation into bone-resorbing osteoclasts in vitro. Furthermore, Tet2 mice exhibit mild osteopetrosis, accompanied by decreased number of osteoclasts in vivo. Tet2 loss in macrophages results in the altered expression of a set of genes implicated in osteoclast differentiation, such as Cebpa, Mafb, and Nfkbiz. Tet2 deletion also leads to a genome-wide alteration in the level of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and altered expression of a specific subset of macrophage genes associated with osteoclast differentiation. Furthermore, Tet2 interacts with Runx1 and negatively modulates its transcriptional activity. Our studies demonstrate a novel molecular mechanism controlling osteoclast differentiation and function by Tet2, that is, through interactions with Runx1 and the maintenance of genomic 5hmC. Targeting Tet2 and its pathway could be a potential therapeutic strategy for the prevention and treatment of abnormal bone mass caused by the deregulation of osteoclast activities.
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Animals , Mice , 5-Methylcytosine , Chemistry , Metabolism , Cell Differentiation , Cells, Cultured , Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit , Genetics , Metabolism , DNA-Binding Proteins , Physiology , Genome , Genomics , Mice, Knockout , Osteoclasts , Cell Biology , Metabolism , Proto-Oncogene Proteins , PhysiologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To strengthen the occupational protection of pharmacy intravenous admixture service (PIVAS) staff, and to ensure the safe and timely delivery of drugs. METHODS: The cytotoxic drug packing bag was made by oxford cloth, velvet cotton, pearl cotton, silica gel, activated carbon, rope, etc. Taking Paclitaxel liposomes for injection as an example, the application effect of packing bags was observed. A total of 156 medical orders of PIVAS formulated Paclitaxel liposomes for injection were selected and divided into test group and control group aoccording to random number table. The dispensing drugs were packed with cytotoxic drug packing bag in trial group, and packed with previous plastic packing bag in control group. The packing time of each drug, the delivery time, leaking and shattering, the breakage processing time and loss amount were compared between 2 groups. RESULTS: There was no statistical significance in the delivery time between 2 groups (P＞0. 05). The packing time of trial group was significantly longer than control group; there were 16 bottles of leaking in the control group, and 8 bottles of shattering; In trial group, 3 bottles were leaking but not spilled over (infiltrated in the silica gel layer), and there was no shattering bottle; the breakage processing time of trial group was significantly shorter than that of control group; the loss amount was significantly less than that of control group, with statistical significance (P＜0. 05). CONCLUSIONS: The cytotoxic drug packaging bag developed in this study can play a spill-proof, anti-seismic role, reduce the loss of valuable drugs, and also strengthen the occupational safety and health protection of medical staff.
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@# Objective To explore the difference in lumbar proprioception between the youth and the elderly, and the male and the female. Methods From September to November, 2017, 58 elderly aged 65 to 80 years and 56 youth aged 20 to 30 years were randomly picked up from the community. Their lumbar proprioceptions were measured by Con-Trex isokinetic dynamometer. The absolute error angles of lumbar flexion and extension in passive replication test was used to assess lumbar proprioceptive function. Results The absolute error angles of passive replication test were less on youth proprioception than on elderly ones (t > 4.218, P < 0.001), either in men or women (t > 2.844, P < 0.001), and was not different between men and women neither in the elderly group nor in the youth group (t < 1.473, P > 0.05). Conclusion The lumbar proprioception in the elderly was obviously inferior to that of the youth, both men and women. There was no gender difference between men and women in lumbar proprioception, both elderly and youth.
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Dental biofilms are composed of hundreds of bacterial species, among which Streptococcus mutans is widely recognized as the major pathogen of dental caries. The cariogenic potential of S. mutans is related to its ability to form a robust biofilm on the tooth surface and its acidogenic and acid-tolerant properties. Co-evolution of S. mutans with the host has resulted in the diversity of secondary metabolism of S. mutans in strain level. A variety of secondary metabolites, including 10 bacteriocins (mutacins) and one hybrid Polyketide/Non-Ribosomal Peptide type compound, have been characterized. Studies on these secondary metabolites indicate that they play a significant role either in interspecies or in inter-kingdom interactions in the dental biofilm. As more S. mutans strains are isolated and sequenced, additional secondary metabolites with novel functions will be discovered. The study of secondary metabolites in S. mutans is anticipated to be helpful for oral disease treatment and prevention by providing new strategies.
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OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of acadesine on myocardial energy metabolism of model dogs with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). METHODS:Dogs were randomly divided into control group,model group,acadesine low-dose,high-dose groups(0.8,3.2 mg/kg),6 in each group. All dogs received CPB. Except for control group,dogs in other groups were reduced for MIRI model,and perfused St.Thomas cardiac cardioplegia lipid containing rel-evant drugs 60 min after main artery block. The uptake rates of myocardial glucose and free fatty acid(FFA),creatine kinase isoen-zyme(CK-MB)concent in venous sinus plasma and adenosine triphosphate(ATP)content in mitochondria were detected and calcu-lated before bypass and after 15,60,90 min of reperfusion. Left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP)and left ventricular end dia-stolic pressure(LVEDP)were analyzed,and mRNA expression of adenylate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)and protein expres-sion of phosphorylated AMPK(p-AMPK)in myocardial tissue were detected. RESULTS:Before bypass,all indexes in each group had no statistic significances(P>0.05). After bypass,compared with control group,uptake rates of myocardial glucose and FAA, ATP content,mRNA expression of AMPK and protein expression of p-AMPK and LVSP in 3 time points in model group and each administration group were obviously decreased(P<0.05);LVEDP and CK-MB concent in plasma were obviously increased(P<0.05). Compared with model group,uptake rates of myocardial glucose and FAA,ATP content,mRNA expression of AMPK and protein expression of p-AMPK and LVSP in 3 time points in each administration group were obviously increased (P<0.05);LVEDP and CK-MB concent in plasma were obviously decreased (P<0.05);and high-dose group showed more obvious change than that of low-dose group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Acadesine can promote the AMPK phosphorylation,contribute to the myocardial glucose and FFA uptake to promote the increase of ATP in myocardial mitochondria and relieve MIRI after CPB.
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This study was aimed to observe the therapeutic effect of qi-supplementing,blood-activating and phlegmresolving on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with blood stasis syndrome in the acute stage,and to evaluate the lung function improvement condition.Observation was also made on plasma fibrinogen and D-dimer,in order to provide references for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) clinical treatment of COPD.A total of 174 acute COPD patients with blood stasis syndrome were selected from October 2015 to July 2017 in the Linqu County People's Hospital of Shandong Province.Patients were randomly divided into the control group and the study group.Conventional western medicine treatment was given to the control group.On the basis of routine western medicine treatment,the study group was treated with TCM qi-supplementing,blood-activating and phlegm-resolving method.The clinical efficacy,changes of lung function,plasma fibrinogen and D-dimer before and after treatment were observed in both groups.The results showed that the total efficacy of the study group was 95.4％,and the total efficacy of the control group was 79.3％.The difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Pearson correlation study showed that plasma fibrinogen (r =-0.79,P ＜ 0.05) and D-dimer (r =-0.84,P ＜ 0.05) were negatively correlated with PaO2.Before treatment,there was no significant difference in lung function,plasma fibrinogen and D-dimer between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).After treatment,indicators of both groups were significantly improved,in which the improvement of the study group was more obvious.The difference between two groups was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).It was concluded that the expression levels of plasma fibrinogen and D-dimer were closely related to COPD.Qi-supplementing,blood-activating and phlegmresolving method can improve clinical symptoms,blood stasis status and lung function of COPD patients in the acute stage with remarkable curative effect.
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OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of acadesine on myocardial energy metabolism of model dogs with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). METHODS:Dogs were randomly divided into control group,model group,acadesine low-dose,high-dose groups(0.8,3.2 mg/kg),6 in each group. All dogs received CPB. Except for control group,dogs in other groups were reduced for MIRI model,and perfused St.Thomas cardiac cardioplegia lipid containing rel-evant drugs 60 min after main artery block. The uptake rates of myocardial glucose and free fatty acid(FFA),creatine kinase isoen-zyme(CK-MB)concent in venous sinus plasma and adenosine triphosphate(ATP)content in mitochondria were detected and calcu-lated before bypass and after 15,60,90 min of reperfusion. Left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP)and left ventricular end dia-stolic pressure(LVEDP)were analyzed,and mRNA expression of adenylate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)and protein expres-sion of phosphorylated AMPK(p-AMPK)in myocardial tissue were detected. RESULTS:Before bypass,all indexes in each group had no statistic significances(P>0.05). After bypass,compared with control group,uptake rates of myocardial glucose and FAA, ATP content,mRNA expression of AMPK and protein expression of p-AMPK and LVSP in 3 time points in model group and each administration group were obviously decreased(P<0.05);LVEDP and CK-MB concent in plasma were obviously increased(P<0.05). Compared with model group,uptake rates of myocardial glucose and FAA,ATP content,mRNA expression of AMPK and protein expression of p-AMPK and LVSP in 3 time points in each administration group were obviously increased (P<0.05);LVEDP and CK-MB concent in plasma were obviously decreased (P<0.05);and high-dose group showed more obvious change than that of low-dose group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Acadesine can promote the AMPK phosphorylation,contribute to the myocardial glucose and FFA uptake to promote the increase of ATP in myocardial mitochondria and relieve MIRI after CPB.
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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small,stable RNA molecules that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression in plants and animals by base pairing to partially complementary sequences on target mRNAs to inhibit protein synthesis.More than 200 miRNAs are reportedly expressed in the retina,and miRNA gene regulation has been shown to affect retinal development and is related to the development of both neural retina and retinal pigment epithelium,their gene-regulating function is also closely tied with the differentiation and the survival of both photoreceptor and retinal ganglion cells.Furthermore,miRNA gene regulation is also associated with retinal regeneration after injury.MiRNA controls the development of retina mainly by direct regulating the expression of some related target gene or by adjusting the components of certain signaling pathways.During the development of retina,the normal function of miRNA ensures the correct structure formation of retina,which also provides a substance basis for its normal physiological function.Herein we reviewed the recent research progress of the relavence between functional roles of retinal miRNAs and the retinal development of vertebrate.
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Objective To investigate the distribution,epidemiologic feature and the related risk features of allergic rhinitis among college students in Kunming.Methods Stratified cluster sampling was conducted in each school as a unit.The investigated subjects included 1500 students aged from18 to 29 years old from 7 universities in Kunming,Yunnan Province.The epidemiological investigation was carried out using the designed questionnaire of allergic rhinitis.The results were analyzed.Restlts We had given out 1500 questionnaires and the response rate was 98.9％.The self-reported prevalence of allergic rhinitis was 25.4％ among college students in Kunming,in which,the males' prevalence rate was 29.3％ and the females' was 22.9％.And 3.7％ of the students with allergic rhinitis were combined with asthma and the 19.1％ combined with a history of familial inheritance.The main risk factor was dust.Concltsion The self-reported and prevalence of allergic rhinitis among college students in Kunming is 25.4％.Males' prevalence rate is slightly higher than the females'.The potential risk factors are bronchial asthma and the history of familial inheritance.The mainly inducement is dust,animal fur and plant pollen.
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Objective To explore the nursing interventions of paronychia caused by Erlotinib therapy for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients. Methods A total of 78 patients who diagnosed as advanced non-small-cell lung cancer and treated by oral Erlotinib were selected. The occurrence of paronychia among them was observed and the curative effect of certain nursing interventions on paronychia was evaluated. Results Seven out of 78 cases occurred various degrees of paronychia,and certain nursing interventions could effectively prevent and treat paronychia. Conclusions Targeted drug Erlotinib in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer can cause adverse reactions like paronychia,but effective nursing interventions are capable of controlling the adverse reactions, thus further improve the quality of life and ensure the smooth progress of treatment.