Adaptive response of A549 cell apoptosis induced by low-dose X-ray irradiation / 中国辐射卫生

Objective@#To study the adaptive response and time effect of A549 cell apoptosis induced by low-dose X-ray irradiation, and to preliminarily explore the possible mechanism of adaptive effect. @*Methods@#A549 cells were irradiated with X-ray of 50 mGy, 200 mGy and 500 mGy, respectively, and then irradiated with an effect dose of 20 Gy after intervals of 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h, respectively, for cell apoptosis detection. The cell cycle distribution and DNA damage were detected after an interval of 6 h between the initial dose and the effect dose. 20 Gy and 0 Gy were set as the control.@*Results@#After irradiation at 20 Gy at intervals of 3 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h from the low- dose irradiation, the apoptosis rates of the 50 mGy～20 Gy, 200 mGy～20 Gy, and 500 mGy~ 20 Gy groups were significantly lower than that of the 20 Gy group (P < 0.05); after an interval of 48 h, there was no significant difference in the apoptosis rate between the 50 mGy～20 Gy, 200 mGy～20 Gy, and 500 mGy～20 Gy groups and the 20 Gy group. After an interval of 6 h between the low-dose irradiation and the effect dose irradiation, the percentage of cells at G0/G1 phase in the 50 mGy～20 Gy and 200 mGy～20 Gy groups was significantly lower than that in the 20 Gy group (P < 0.05); the percentage of cells at G2/M phase in the 50 mGy～20 Gy and 200 mGy~20 Gy groups were significantly reduced compared with the 20 Gy group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the percentage of cells at G0/G1 and G2/M phases between the 500 mGy～20 Gy and 20 Gy groups. Compared with the 20 Gy group, the cell DNA damage in the 50 mGy～20 Gy, 200 mGy～20 Gy and 500 mGy~20 Gy groups were decreased, but without significant difference. @*Conclusion@#Low-dose X-ray irradiation can induce the adaptive response of A549 cells apoptosis, which is related to the time interval between the initial dose and the effect dose. The adaptive effect may be related to the changes in cell cycle induced by low-dose X-ray.

Prokaryotic expression and immune function of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv3133 c gene / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective:To construct a plasmid for expression Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb) Rv3133c and to evaluate the immunogenicity of Rv3133c through population and mice experiments. Methods:The recombinant expression plasmid pPROEX-Rv3133c was constructed. The transformed E. coli BL21 (DE3) carrying expression plasmid was induced by IPTG to express the recombinant Rv3133c (rRv3133c). Western blot was used to identify the expressed protein. Whole-blood IFN-γ release assay (WBIA) was preformed to assess the immunogenicity of rRv3133c in Mtb-infected population. Antigen-specific antibodies in serum, Th1 type cytokines in splenocytes, functional T cell subset responses in splenocytes and the expression of cytokines at mRNA level in lung tissues were detected after immunizing mice subcutaneously with rRv3133c and adjuvant DC. Results:The rRv3133c was constructed and expressed successfully. Stimulation with rRv3133c promoted the production of IFN-γ in Mtb-infected population, especially in patients with latent tuberculosis infections. After immunizing mice with rRv3133c+ DC, the levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-2, the number of IFN-γ + TNF-α + CD4 + T cells in spleen and the expression of antigen-specific IFN-γ, TNF-α and iNOS at mRNA level in lung tissues were higher than those in BCG-immunized mice, but lower than those in BCG+ rRv3133c+ DC group. The serum IgG2a/IgG1 ratios in the rRv3133c+ DC group and the BCG+ rRv3133c+ DC group were greater than 1, and significantly higher than that of the BCG group. Conclusions:The rRv3133c had good immunogenicity and could induce strong Th1 immune response, suggesting that it was a potential candidate antigen for subunit vaccine against tuberculosis.

Application of MR radiomics in predicting the prognosis of amnestic mild cognitive impairment patients / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of MR radiomics in predicting the transformation of amnesic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) into Alzheimer′s disease (AD).Methods:The clinical and imaging data of 30 patients with aMCI diagnosed in the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from December 2018 to December 2020 and 190 aMCI cases from public databases were retrospectively analyzed. The study population included 120 males and 110 females, aging from 50 to 80 years old. Thirty-nine cases progressed to AD, and 181 cases did not progress to AD. They were randomly divided into a training set (154 cases) and a validation set (66 cases) with a ratio of 7∶3. The edges of the bilateral hippocampus were manually delineated layer by layer on the transverse, coronal, sagittal images of T 1WI three-dimensional magnetization preparatory gradient echo sequence to obtain a three-dimensional labeled image, and then the radiomics features of the left hippocampus, right hippocampus, and combined bilateral hippocampus were extracted and screened, respectively. Finally, a radiomics label was constructed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the performance of each radiomics signature. The optimal radiomics label was selected to calculate the radiomics score (Rad-score), and constructed a radiomics (R) nomogram. According to the Rad-score threshold of the optimal radiomics signature, high-risk and low-risk groups for aMCI converting to AD were distinguished, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were drawn to predict conversion to AD in aMCI patients. The clinical features affecting the progression of aMCI patients were determined by univariate logistic regression analysis, the nomogram of clinical features (C) was established, and finally the nomogram of radiomics & clinical features (R+C) was established. The efficacy of R nomogram, C nomogram, and R+C nomogram in predicting the progression of AD in aMCI patients at 3 years and 5 years was evaluated by C index. The decision curve was drawn to determine the application value of R nomogram, C nomogram and R+C nomogram in the clinical diagnosis. Results:The ROC curve showed that the right hippocampal radiomics signature had the best performance in predicting the conversion of aMCI to AD (the area under the curve was 0.989 for the training set and 0.897 for the validation set). Taking the Rad-score=21.374 of the right hippocampus radiomics label as the threshold, there were 70 cases in the high-risk group and 84 cases in the low-risk group in the training set, and 34 cases in the high-risk group and 32 cases in the low-risk group in the validation set. The mean time for conversion to AD in aMCI patients in the low-risk and high-risk groups predicted by the right hippocampal radiomics label in the training set was 42.5 and 25.0 months, and 41.3 and 22.4 months in the validation set, respectively. Both the nomogram and the decision curve indicated that the R+C nomogram showed greater benefit in predicting the conversion of aMCI to AD than the R nomogram and the C nomogram.Conclusions:The right hippocampal radiomics signature has good performance in predicting whether aMCI patients will progress to AD. The right hippocampal radiomics signature combined with the nomogram of clinical features can be used to predict the progression to AD in aMCI patients, which may help clinicians make decisions.

In silico genome wide identification and expression analysis of the WUSCHEL-related homeobox gene family in Medicago sativa

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is an important food and feed crop which rich in mineral sources. The WUSCHEL-related homeobox (WOX) gene family plays important roles in plant development and identification of putative gene families, their structure, and potential functions is a primary step for not only understanding the genetic mechanisms behind various biological process but also for genetic improvement. A variety of computational tools, including MAFFT, HMMER, hidden Markov models, Pfam, SMART, MEGA, ProtTest, BLASTn, and BRAD, among others, were used. We identified 34 MsWOX genes based on a systematic analysis of the alfalfa plant genome spread in eight chromosomes. This is an expansion of the gene family which we attribute to observed chromosomal duplications. Sequence alignment analysis revealed 61 conserved proteins containing a homeodomain. Phylogenetic study sung reveal five evolutionary clades with 15 motif distributions. Gene structure analysis reveals various exon, intron, and untranslated structures which are consistent in genes from similar clades. Functional analysis prediction of promoter regions reveals various transcription binding sites containing key growth, development, and stress-responsive transcription factor families such as MYB, ERF, AP2, and NAC which are spread across the genes. Most of the genes are predicted to be in the nucleus. Also, there are duplication events in some genes which explain the expansion of the family. The present research provides a clue on the potential roles of MsWOX family genes that will be useful for further understanding their functional roles in alfalfa plants.

Delivery strategies of amphotericin B for invasive fungal infections

Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) represent a growing public concern for clinicians to manage in many medical settings, with substantial associated morbidities and mortalities. Among many current therapeutic options for the treatment of IFIs, amphotericin B (AmB) is the most frequently used drug. AmB is considered as a first-line drug in the clinic that has strong antifungal activity and less resistance. In this review, we summarized the most promising research efforts on nanocarriers for AmB delivery and highlighted their efficacy and safety for treating IFIs. We have also discussed the mechanism of actions of AmB, rationale for treating IFIs, and recent advances in formulating AmB for clinical use. Finally, this review discusses some practical considerations and provides recommendations for future studies in applying AmB for combating IFIs.

Mediating effect of resilience on the relationship between social support and simple coping style in male nurses of Heilongjiang Province / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To understand the status quo of male nurses′ resilience, social support and simple coping styles in Heilongjiang Province, and to analysis the mediating effect of resilience between social support and simple coping styles.Methods:The questionnaire star was used to survey 780 nurses from 13 departments including such as intensive care unit, emergency department, psychiatric department, and operating room etc in Harbin 9 hospitals from November to December 2018 by convenience sampling. The self-made general information questionnaire, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ) were used to assess the resilience, social support and simple coping style.Results:The average score of resilience of male nurses in Heilongjiang Province was (72.36±16.69) points, the average score of social support was (37.21±8.70) points, the average items score of positive coping style was (2.18±0.52) points, negative coping style items score was (1.53±0.76) points. Social support and positive coping styles all showed a significant positive correlation with resilience ( r values were 0.432, 0.747, P<0.01). The results of mediation analysis showed that resilience played a part of mediation between social support and active coping styles. The mediation effect was 21.05%, accounting for 63.21% of the total effect. Conclusion:In order to effectively maintain the mental health of male nurses in Heilongjiang Province and improve their active coping level, it is necessary to ensure that the nurses have a good level of resilience.

Advances in research on tumor immunotherapy and its drug development / 中国药科大学学报

@#The progress of molecular biology and tumor biology has greatly changed the mode of cancer treatment. A large number of scientific studies have revealed the mechanism of tumor immune evasion, and a variety of new types of tumor immunotherapy have emerged, which has become another effective treatment of cancer after surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapy. This paper introduces the mechanism of tumor cell immune evasion, and focuses on the design principle, biological drugs and the latest research progress of immunotherapy, such as cytokine immunotherapies, therapeutic monoclonal antibody immunotherapy, PD-1/PD-L1 therapy, CAR-T therapy, tumor vaccine, oncolytic virus and so on. At the same time, the advantages and disadvantages of various immunotherapies are compared to provide reference for drug research and development in tumor immunotherapy.

A research on mental health status of public health aid professionals from Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Africa / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objectives To investigate mental health status of public health aid professionals in Africa and its influencing factors. Methods From July of 2018 to July of 2019, all the third and forth batches of members from the Second Phase of the Fixed Biological Safety Laboratory Technical Cooperation Project in Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention totaling 21 individuals were tested by Symptom Check List 90 (SCL-90), general information forms and influencing factors forms before departure, at three and six months in Sierra Leone, and at one month after return respectively. Results Some of public health aid professionals experienced a phased psychological abnormality response (SCL-90>160). The total score of SCL-90 rises after the team departs for the Sierra Leone, peaks at 3 months, and then falls to the baseline level, showing a low-high-low trend. The scores of hostile and paranoid factors show a low-high-low-high trend. At different time points, there was no statistical difference between the total scores of SCL-90(P>0.05) and the force factor score was statistically different (P<0.05). Conclusions The overall mental health status of the public health aid professionals is well. All departments should take appropriate measures to protect and pay attention to the mental health development of public health aid professionals.

The six-year operation faults statistics analysis and prediction of Philips Brilliance big bore CT / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To analyze the 6-year operation faults of PHILIPS Brilliance big bore CT, identify the common problems, make corresponding maintenance plans, reduce the incidence of failures, and carry out simulation prediction of the occurrence rate of failures in the next few years.Methods:The failure data of Brilliance big bore CT from June 2012 to June 2018 were collected, and the curve estimation function in SPASS 19.0 software and the pareto diagram were used to analyze the relationship between the number of failures, time and failure types, and the prediction was made.Results:A total of 28 faults occurred during the 6-year opeation of Brilliance big bore CT. During the first half year, five times of faults occurred with the highest fault rate and then tended to stabilize. The linear function model was obtained using the curve estimation: y=-0.033 x+ 2.099( y for the number of fault, unit for times, x for the unit of time for half a year), the model of R2=0.003. In the next three years, approximately twice faults occurred within half year. The pareto chart showed that 16 faults occurred during data collection, including 3 faults in the treatment bed and 3 faults in the power supply system, respectively. The accumulative ratio of the above three faults was 71.4%, which were the main fault sources. Conclusion:The fault statistical analysis of Brilliance big bore CT is helpful for department maintenance personnel to better understand CT, develop effective maintenance programs, reduce the occurrence of faults, and predict the incidence of faults in the future.

Comparative study of diffusion kurtosis imaging in deep brain nucleus in different subtypes of Parkinson's disease / 中华神经科杂志

Objective To compare the difference in the microstructure of gray matter nucleus in basal ganglia of different movement subtypes of Parkinson's disease (PD) by diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) technique,and to analyze its clinical significance in the process of disease occurrence and development.Methods A total of 44 PD patients and 20 healthy controls (HC) admitted to the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from July 2017 to October 2018 were recruited into the study.The PD patients were classified into tremor dominant (TD) and non-tremor dominant (NTD) subtypes according to motor symptoms.All participants were scanned for DKI sequence.Fractional anisotropy (FA),mean kurtosis (MK),and mean diffusivity (MD) were obtained from bilateral red nucleus,substantia nigra,caudate nucleus,globus pallidus,putamen,and thalamus.The DKI of the deep brain nucleus in TD,NTD,HC groups was compared,and relationships between DKI and clinical measures were tested.Results Comparing the two substypes of PD with the HC group,the TD group had lower FA value (0.346±0.006 vs 0.389±0.009,U=-3.052,P=0.007),higher MK value (1.101±0.008 vs 0.981±0.006,U=-5.577,P=0.000) and higher MD value (1.005(0.919,1.082) vs 0.934 (0.899,0.970),U=2.493,P=0.038) in the substantia nigra ipsilateral to the more affected side than the HC group.The NTD group had higher MK value in the bilateral substantia nigra than the HC group (less affected side:1.090±0.022 vs 0.990±0.008,U=-4.102,P=0.000;more affected side:1.071±0.020 vs 0.981±0.006,U=-3.728,P=0.001).In the PD patients,the MK value in the substantia nigra ipsilateral to the more affected side showed a negative correlation with the Hoehn-Yahr (H-Y) grade,Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) Ⅲ scores,and non-tremor scores (r=-0.299,P=0.048;r=-0.366,P=0.015;r=-0.402,P=0.007).The FA values of the bilateral putamen of the TD group and the NTD group were lower than those of the HC group.The FA value in putamen contralateral to the more affected side was positively correlated with H-Y grade,UPDRS Ⅲ scores,and non-tremor scores (r=0.331,P=0.028;r=0.403,P=0.007;r=0.376,P=0.012).Compared with the HC group,the FA value of the bilateral globus pallidus was lower in the TD group.Comparing different subtypes of PD,only the FA and MK values of the bilateral thalamus were different.The tremor scores of PD patients were negatively correlated with the FA value of bilateral thalamus (less affected side:r=-0.371,P=0.013;more affected side:r=-0.402,P=0.007),and positively correlated with MK value (less affected side:r=0.547,P＜0.01;more affected side:r=0.532,P＜0.01).Conclusions The microstructure of the deep brain nucleus of PD is changed,while the TD and NTD patients have only differences in the microstructure changes of the thalamus.The changes in the microstructure of the thalamus are related to the severity of tremor in PD patients.

Prognostic significance of high hyperdiploid and triploid/tetraploid acute myeloid leukemia / 临床检验杂志

Objective@#To investigate the biological characteristics of high hyperdiploid and triploid/tetraploid acute myeloid leukemia (HH/TT-AML) and its relationship with prognosis. @*Methods@#The clinical data of 28 patients with newly diagnosed HH/TT-AML during March 2006 and June 2017 were retrospectively analyzed, and the factors influencing prognosis were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. @*Results@#The karyotypes of HH/TT-AML patients were mainly 49 chromosomes, accounting for 39.3% (11/28), followed by 50-55 chromosomes, accounting for 32.1% (9/28). The karyotypes of high hyperdiploid acute myeloid leukemia (HH-AML) patients were more likely to be +8 (77.3%, 17/22) or +21 (54.5%, 12/22). The survival analysis showed that the overall survival rate of HH/TT-AML patients with -5/5q-, -7/7q-, -17/der(17p) or der(3q) was significantly lower than that without these abnormalities (4.1 months vs 10.1 months,P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the overall survival rate between triploid/tetraploid acute myeloid leukemia (TT-AML) patients and HH-AML patients (8.4 months vs 7.2 months,P＞0.05). The overall survival rate of the patients with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was significantly longer than that with chemotherapy alone (25.4 months vs 4.1 months,P＜0.01). @*Conclusion@#HH/TT AML patients are highly heterogeneous. The identification of poor prognosis-related chromosome abnormalities is helpful for the stratification of prognosis. The overall survival time of these patients is short. Early allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation after remission by combination chemotherapy can significantly improve the prognosis of these patients.

Study on the general mental health status and influencing factors of Chinese Medical Team members / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective@#To analyze the mental health status of the Chinese Medical Team (CMT) members and its influencing factors.@*Methods@#A total of 1 015 members of the CMT were recruited and surveyed by using a self-administered questionnaire and 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) from May 10 to June 10, 2018. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify risk factors for mental health problems.@*Results@#A total of 808 subjects completed the questionnaire and an estimated 25.9% of them were suspected to have mental health problems (GHQ-12≥3). Logistic model analysis indicated that family life (OR=1.928, 95%CI: 1.162-3.197), domestic work status (OR=2.069, 95%CI: 1.210-3.538), father’s health status (OR=1.703, 95%CI: 1.060-2.736), disease symptoms (OR=2.087, 95%CI: 1.363-3.194), captain (OR=1.996, 95%CI: 1.128-3.532), cultural differences (OR=2.439, 95%CI: 1.621-3.671) were the risk factors for mental health. Age (OR=0.736, 95%CI: 0.571-0.949), leisure activities (OR=0.654, 95%CI: 0.490-0.872) were the protective factors. Drinking habits (OR=7.439, 95%CI: 1.290- 42.900), loneliness (OR=4.094, 95%CI: 2.438-6.875), and respect from the hospital (OR=0.783, 95%CI: 0.610-1.004) were relative to mental health problems.@*Conclusion@#CMT members have certain mental health problems, especially young members and captains. Therefore, interventions should be implemented to improve the mental health of CMT members and to promote the development of foreign aid work.

Expression characteristics of glutamine synthetase of wheat in Escherichia coli / 生物工程学报

Glutamine synthetase is a key enzyme in plant nitrogen assimilation. To study the structure of wheat glutamine synthetase isoenzymes, GS1, GSr, GSe, GS2 and GS2p of wheat were cloned into pET-21a, and the expression condition was optimized. Although wheat glutamine synthetase isoenzymes had 70%-80% amino acid sequence homology, the isoforms expressed with different characteristics. Induced at 30 °C, the most expression level of GSr, GSe and GS2 was after 3 h, and of GS1 was at the 7 h whereas no GS2p was expressed, and the GS isoenzymes showed different expression level, with the order of GS1 (22%)>GSr (15%)>GS2 (12%)>GSe (5%). GSe expressed as soluble protein, and GS1 expressed mainly as soluble protein whereas GSr and GS2 expressed as insoluble proteins. Induced at 30 °C for 3 h, mRNA transcript levels of GS isoforms were different, with the order of GSr (7.59)>GS2 (1.84)>GS2p (1.66)>GSe (1.46)>GS1 (1.00). The levels of mRNA transcription were not consistent with the level of the protein translation. The analysis of mRNA secondary structure showed the free energy of translation initiation region of glutamine synthetase isoforms was different, with the order of GS1 (14.4)<GSr (17.2)<GS2 (22.6) <GSe (25.4) <GS2p (31.6), the smaller freed energy, the more unstable mRNA secondary structure of translation initiation region and the higher level of protein expression. Soluble expression condition of glutamine synthetase isozymes was also different, with GS1, GSr, GSe and GS2 induced at 30 °C for 5 h, 16 °C for 15 h, 37 °C for 5 h, and 25 °C for 7 h respectively. The soluble protein showed different expression level with GS1 (20%)>GSr (13%)>GS2 (10%)>GSe (7%), and different activities with GS1>GSe>GS2, and the activity of GSr was not detected. The gene sequence of glutamine synthetase isoenzymes determines the amount, status and activity of proteins expressed in prokaryotic cells.

Current situation and thinking on treatment of bronchiectasis with hemoptysis / 中国中西医结合急救杂志

Bronchiectasis is a common chronic respiratory disease with long disease course and irreversible pathological changes. About 50% of the patients have hemoptysis of different degrees, which seriously affect patients' quality of life, long-term or lots of hemoptysis can lead to anemia or even life-threatening effects. At present, there are many treatment methods for bronchiectasis with hemoptysis, including western medicine treatment, interventional or surgical treatment, traditional Chinese medicine treatment and other auxiliary treatments. This article summarizes the common therapeutic measures for bronchiectasis with hemoptysis in recent years and puts forward some thoughts in order to provide a basis for clinical practice.

Clinical effect of total thyroidectomy combined with radioactive iodine in thyroid cancer treatment

Aim of this research work is to observe and analyze the clinical effect of total thyroidectomy combined with radioactive iodine in thyroid cancer treatment. The 120 thyroid cancer patients treated in our hospital were enrolled as study subjects and assigned to study group [treated with total thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine] and reference group [treated with conventional total thyroidectomy]. The overall treatment efficacy was compared between the two groups. Comparison of overall treatment efficacy of the two groups showed that the study group has superior results to the reference group [P<0.05]. Comparison of incidence of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury in the two groups revealed no significant differences, P>0.05. However, in life quality assessment, the study group was significantly superior to the reference groupin terms of physiological function, psychological function, social function, and overall life quality scores, P<0.05. Total thyroidectomy combined with radioactive iodine can well improve the overall treatment efficiency and enable patients to have higher quality of life at the same time

Analysis of related factors for primary hepatic carcinoma caused by chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective@#To explore the related factors for primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC) caused by chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and hepatitis C (CHC).@*Methods@#According to the principle of cross-sectional study, a cluster random sample method was used, a total of 366 chronic hepatitis patients in hospitals were recruited from three provincial tertiary hospitals in Shanxi, Henan and Jilin between July 2016 and October 2016, respectively. Using a self-designed unified questionnaire, face-to-face interviews was conducted on subjects, including sex, age, alcohol consumption, coffee consumption, green tea consumption, fish consumption, smoking, HBV/HCV diagnosis and treatment, diabetes mellitus, family history of PHC (whether PHC in first-degree relatives), etc. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression were performed to identify the related factors for PHC with CHB and CHC. According to the clinical diagnosis the patients were divided into a chronic hepatitis group (not developing to PHC) and a PHC group.@*Results@#Among 366 cases patients, 287 (78.4%) cases were male, 79 cases were female (21.6%), average age was (52.7±9.3) years. 202 cases were chronic hepatitis group, 164 cases were PHC group. Multivariate unconditional logistics regression analysis indicated that alcohol consumption (odds ratio (OR)=2.11, 95%CI: 1.18-3.75), family history of PHC (OR=5.12, 95%CI: 2.60-10.08) were positively correlated with the development of PHC in chronic b, green tea consumption (OR=0.45, 95%CI: 0.23-0.88), antiviral treatment (OR=0.19, 95%CI: 0.11-0.32) were negatively correlated. Alcohol consumption (OR=3.98, 95%CI: 1.14-13.85) was positively correlated with the development of PHC in chronic c, antiviral treatment (OR=0.14, 95%CI: 0.04-0.50) was negatively correlated.@*Conclusion@#Alcohol consumption, family history of PHC, green tea consumption and antiviral treatment were the related factors for the development of PHC in chronic hepatitis b. Alcohol consumption and antiviral treatment were the related factors for the development of PHC in chronic hepatitis c.

Analysis of inner or extra-exposure for worker in carbon and coal tar process industries / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the inner or extra-exposure of workers in carbon and coal tar process industries.@*Methods@#In May 2015, 271 exposure and 75 non-exposure workers in two of carbon and coal tar process industries in Shandong province were selected. Coal tar pitch (CTP) was detected according to the methods of GB17054-1997. The 1-OH-Nap、2-OH-Nap、1-OH-Pyr in urine were detected by high performance liquid Chromatography (HPLC) .@*Results@#The concentration of 1-OH-Nap、2-OH-Nap、1-OH-Pyr in urine of exposure group were significant higher than that of control group (P<0.05) , respectively. The urine concentration of 1-OH-Nap、2-OH-Nap、1-OH-Py in contact group tar and asphalt were 12.20, 12.55, 7.08 and 10.62, 8.73, 3.07 μg/gCr, and the concentration of them were 7.25, 8.54, 3.00 μg/gCr in container handle workers. Significant positive correlations were found between high or median CTP exposure and the urine concentration of 1-OH-Nap、2-OH-Nap、1-OH-Pyr in exposure groups (P<0.05) .@*Conclusions@#The inner or extra exposure level is relative and different for different type of work in these carbon and coal tar process industries.

Influence of Shenmai injection for the postoperative infection and related serum indexes of patients with breast cancer / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To observe the influence of Shenmai injection for the postoperative infection and related serum indexes of patients with breast cancer,in order to provide evidence for the prevention of patients'postoperative infection.Methods 90 patients with breast cancerwere selected as the study object,and all the patients were randomly divided into control group(conventional postoperative treatment group)45 cases and observation group (conventional treatment and Shenmai injection group)45 cases,then the postoperative infection rates,inflammatory indexes and immune indexes before the treatment and after the treatment at different time were compared .Results The total postoperative infection rate of observation group was one case (2.22%),and it had no obviously difference compared with four cases (8.89%) of control group,the inflammatory indexes including PCT, TNF-α, IL-6 and hs-CRP at first,third and seventh day after the treatment were all lower than those of control group ,the immune indexes including CD3 +、CD4 +、CD8 +及 CD3 +CD4 +were all better than those of control group ( all P<0.05 ) .Conclusion The Shenmai injection can effectively control the postoperative infection rate of patients with breast cancer,and it also plays active improvement role for the infection related indexes.

Design of high-frequency ultrasound grayscale blood flow imaging system based on field programmable gate array / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To develop a set of high-frequency ultrasound grayscale blood flow imaging system based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) to execute simultaneous imaging of superficial blood flow and tissues.Methods This system was mainly composed of an ultrasonic transducer,an ultrasonic transmission and receiving modules,imaging software in host computer and peripheral equipment.A PVDF transducer with the frequency between 20 and 50 MHz was used for the ultrasonic transducer.In transmission and receiving modules,the radio frequency echo signals were digitized by high-speed A/D.Then the digital signals were transmitted,added,filtered,demodulated,log amplified,double sampled,and lastly transferred to the host computer by USB interface for real-time display.Results A vascular 1 mm far form the surface of the hand skin was examined by this system.Four blood flow images were obtained in corresponding with four transmission frequencies.Conclusion Real-time superficial organ blood flow imaging is realized by this system.The solution has the architecture concise and clear,and lays an experimental foundationfor high-frequency ultrasound gray-scale blood flow imaging.

Comparative Study on Rockall and Blatchford Scoring System for Risk Assessment of Acute Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding / 胃肠病学

Acute nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (ANVUGIB)is a commonly seen gastrointestinal emergency.Rockall and Blatchford scoring system are commonly used for risk stratification in ANVUGIB.Aims:To investigate the predictive values of Rockall and Blatchford scoring system for assessing the risk of blood transfusion,surgical intervention and mortality in patients with ANVUGIB.Methods:Five hundred and ninety hospitalized patients with ANVUGIB were scored by Rockall and Blatchford scoring system,respectively.Predictive values of these two scoring systems for assessing the risk of blood transfusion,surgical intervention and mortality were assessed by area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC)curve (AUC).Results:Rockall and Blatchford scores in patients with blood transfusion,surgical intervention and died were significantly higher than those in patients without blood transfusion,surgical intervention and survived (P <0.01 ).The AUC of Rockall scoring system for predicting blood transfusion,surgical intervention and mortality were 0.785 (95% CI:0.743-0.828,P=0.000),0.765 (95% CI:0.693-0.837,P=0.000),0.835 (95% CI:0.703-0.966,P=0.005),respectively.The AUC of Blatchford scoring system for predicting blood transfusion,surgical intervention and mortality were 0.812 (95%CI:0.775-0.848,P=0.000),0.870 (95%CI:0.811-0.930,P=0.000),0.784 (95% CI:0.614-0.954,P=0.017),respectively.Conclusions:Rockall and Blatchford scoring system have high predictive value for blood transfusion,surgical intervention and mortality in patients with ANVUGIB.Rockall scoring system is better for predicting mortality,while Blatchford scoring system is better for predicting blood transfusion and surgical intervention.