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BackgroundThe treatment of patients with depressive disorders is short of targeted outcome assessment. As a secondary outcome that is guided by patient values， quality of life is thus of relatively high evaluative value. In China， there exists a lack of large sample prospective cohort studies evaluating the effect of different treatment protocols on quality of life in patients with acute depressive disorder. ObjectiveTo explore the effects of monotherapy and combination therapy on the quality of life of patients with depressive disorder in acute phase， so as to provide references for optimizing the outcome of treatment for such patients. MethodsA prospective follow-up cohort study from August 24， 2020 to November 29， 2021 was conducted， including 1 330 patients from 22 hospitals across 18 cities in China. All these patients met the diagnostic criteria for depressive episodes， recurrent depressive disorder from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5）. Patients were divided into monotherapy group （n=969） and combination therapy group （n=361） according to the acute phase treatment protocol. At baseline， the end of the first half month as well as the 1st， 2nd， 3rd， 6th， 9th and 12th months of treatment， patients were assessed with Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-report （IDS-SR30）， Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form （Q-LES-Q-SF）， Concise Health Risk Tracking Scale （CHRT） and Siehan Disability Scale （SDS）. Frequency， Intensity， and Burden of Side Effects Rating （FIBSER） was adopted for assessment at each visit time point of treatment. Spearman correlation analysis was adopted to examine the correlation of quality of life with suicide risk， adverse reactions and impaired social functioning among patients. ResultsAt the end of three months of treatment， the Q-LES-Q-SF score of monotherapy group was higher than that of combination therapy group， and the difference was statistically significant （Z=2.008， P<0.05）. The time effects of both treatment protocols possessed statistical significance （F=111.393， P<0.01）. At the end of three months of treatment， the Q-LES-Q-SF score was negatively correlated with CHRT and SDS scores， respectively， in both monotherapy group and combination treatment group （r=-0.660， -0.712， -0.634， -0.718， P<0.01）. ConclusionBoth monotherapy and combination therapy can facilitate the improvement of the life quality of patients with acute depressive disorder， but monotherapy may achieve better than the combination therapy in this aspect. ［Funded by The National Key Research and Development Program of China "Research on the Prevention and Control of Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases" （number， 2017YFC1311101）］
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the psychological distress of patients with retinal detachment and analyze its causes and related factors. Method We adopted a general information questionnaire and psychological distress thermometer (DT) to do a cross-sectional survey among patients undergoing retinal detachment reduction surgery between February 2016 and May 2017 in West China Hospital in Sichuan Province. Results The average score of psychological pain in the patients with retinal detachment was 4.3 ±2.0. Significant psychological distress was observed in 83 cases, which accounted for 67.5% (DT score was greater than 4). The top 5 factors for the psychological distress caused by the retinal detachment were edema, physical activity restricted, worry, bathing/dressing, and sleep problem. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that age, sports, time of retinal detachment and combination of chronic diseases had an effect on psychological pain score (all P＜0.05). Conclusions The psychological distress of patients treated in retinal detachment reduction surgery is severe, and the physical problems are the main causes of psychological distress. In order to effectively prevent the emergence of psychological problems, psychological intervention measures should be taken in patients at young age, long time of retinal detachment, doing sports, and combination with other chronic diseases.
ABSTRACT
Cloning of large genomic sequences is an enabling technology in synthetic biology. To obtain large gene fragments, traditional cloning methods are faced with various defects, for instance, random library cloning relies always on high-throughput screening. It is difficult to get gene fragments more than 10 kb by PCR amplification. Assembly of small fragments is labor intensive with high mutation rates. It is difficult to find suitable cleavage sites on the fragment ends by restriction endonuclease. Recently genome-wide editing creates a new high-performance large fragments cloning methods. For example, CRISPR/cas9 system can identify and cut 20 bp nucleic acid sequences recognition sites used to obtain any desired gene fragments; if combined with Gibson or transformation associated recombination (TAR) assembly technology, these methods can efficiently clone large fragments. This article introduces large fragments cloning technology by classification, then proposes the choice criteria of methods for cloning gene fragments of different sizes.
Subject(s)
CRISPR-Cas Systems , Cloning, Molecular , DNA Restriction Enzymes , Multigene Family , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Synthetic BiologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To optimize the formulation of Dimemorfan phosphate tablets. METHODS:Using 60 min dissolution rate of dimemorfan phosphate as index,L9(34) orthogonal test was used to optimize the amount of starch,microcrystalline cellu-lose,croscarmellose sodium and concentration of HPMC E5 solution. The friability,hardness,60 min dissolution rate and main component were detected. The similarity of dissolution curves of Dimemorfan phosphate tablets was compared with that of imported tablets in 0.1 mol/L hydrochloric acid,pH 6.8 phosphate buffer,water and pH 4.0 acetate buffer. RESULTS:The optimized formu-lation of Dimemorfan phosphate tablet(1 000 tablets)was composed of dimemorfan phosphate 10 g,starch 60 g,microcrystalline cellulose 40 g,10% HPMC E5 solution and croscarmellose sodium 25 g. The friability,hardness,60 min dissolution rate and main component of 3 batches of Dimemorfan phosphate tablets prepared by optimized prescription were 0.42%-0.58%,9.8-10.5 kg,94.89%-96.21% and 99.21%-99.52%,respectively. In 4 dissolution mediums,similar factors f2 of dissolution curves between prepared tablets and imported tablets were above 50. CONCLUSIONS:Dimemorfan phosphate tablets were prepared successfully. The optimized formulation is rational. The dissolution behavior of prepared tablets is similar to that of imported tablets in vitro.
ABSTRACT
Cell aging,the fundamental unit of biological decay,is responsible for senile disease. With the development of research,the mechanism of cell aging has been investigated in molecular level. Two hypotheses have emerged to explain the reason that lamins contribute to cell aging,one is the mechanical stress hypothesis,the other is the gene expression hypothesis. The latter proposes that mutations in A-type lamins lead to abnormal tissue-specific gene regulation. In recent years,the molecular mechanisms of lamins causing cell aging primarily include gene mutation,Zmpste24 mutation,CAAX mutation and other mutations. These mutations in the gene that encode nuclear lamins cause nuclear lamina damage directly and result in cell aging,which have been associated with several degenerative disorders.