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Objective@#To explore the correlation between sleep and laryngopharyngeal reflux disease by epidemiological approaches.@*Methods@#From May 1, 2017 to April 30, 2018, data of age, gender, height, weight, smoking, alcohol consumption, constipation and high fat diet in patients in Otorhinolaryngology specialist clinic, the Eighth Medical Center, General Hospital of the Chinese PLA were retrospectively analyzed. Reflux Symptom Index (RSI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)were filled. According to RSI scores, patients were divided into case group and control group. The differences of the above indicators between the two groups were compared by Stata 12.0 software, and the risk factors of LPRD were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression.@*Results@#A total of 908 patients were enrolled, including 166 in the case group and 742 in the control group. There was no significant difference in BMI, smoking, drinking, constipation and high fat diet between the two groups (all P>0.05). The PSQI, anxiety and depression score of the case group were higher than those of the control group. The anxiety and depression scores of the patients with sleep disorders in the case group were significantly higher than those of the normal sleepers (all P<0.05). RSI of the patients with sleep disorders was higher than that of the patients with normal sleep(9.5[4.0,16.0]vs. 5.0[1.0,10.0], Z=-6.07, P<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that sleep disorder was the risk factors of LPRD (OR=2.59, 95%CI 1.75-3.84).@*Conclusions@#Sleep disorder is related to the occurrence of LPRD. The association between LPRD and sleep disturbances is bidirectional. Sleep disorder may also be related to the anxiety and depression in LPRD patients. Handling sleep disorder timely may benefit LPRD patients.
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Objective To study the differential expression of apoptosis related genes in GJB2 gene conditional knockout mice (cCx26Pax2Cre ) cochlea membranous labyrinth ,and to explore the mechanism of GJB2 gene mutations causing deafness .Methods Two developmental stages of P10 and P18 were selected from the knock out mice and the wild type ones (BALB/C) .The total RNA was isolated from cochlear membranous labyrinth and PCR array was performed using mouse apoptosis PCR arrays .Results Compared with wild -type mice ,significant up or down -regulation in gene expression was detected in 16 genes in cCx26Pax2Cre ones at P10 .Of the 16 genes ,14 ones were down-regulated .Among the 14 genes ,9 ones can be classified as anti -apoptosis or pro -proliferation genes ,5 ones can be classified as pro -apoptosis or pro -inflammation genes .The other 2 genes expression was up-regula-ted ,and their main role was to promote apoptosis .Compared with time -matched controls ,significant up or down-regulation in gene expression was detected in 4 genes in cCx26Pax2Cre mice at P18 .Of the 4 genes ,3 ones expression was down-regulated ,were anti-apoptosis ones .The expression of the other one gene among the 4 ones was up-regulated ,which acted as pro -apoptosis genes .Bcl2l10 and Tnfrsf10b expression showed significant down or up -regulation at both stages . Compared with P10 , the expression of caspase - 8 was up - ragulated at P18 in cCx26Pax2Cre mice .Conclusion It is suggested that GJB2 mutation may up -regulate the expression of DR5 ,which can trigger the death receptor pathway to cause apoptosis in cCx 26Pax2Cre mice cochlea directly .At the same time , caspase-8 in death receptor pathway may activate the mitochondria pathway indirectly and amplify the apoptosis further in cCx26Pax2Cre mice cochlea .The final result of the above activated pathways is the wide range of cochlear cells apoptosis and the profound hearing loss in cCx 26Pax2Cre mice .
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Objective To establish the optimal extracted method for content dete rmination of naringin in Citrus grandis. Methods RP-HPLC was used to determinat e the content of naringin extracted with the above two methods from different ye ar samples of Citrus grandis. Results The average content extracted with ultraso nic extraction was 13.53 %,and the average content extracted with soxhlet extr action was 11.98 %,there being insignificant difference between the two method s. Conclusion The content of naringin extracted with ultrasonic extraction is mo re than that with the soxhlet extraction,which be receipted in Chinese pharmeco pia. And ultrasonic extraction method is more convenient and can save time.