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Objective:To explore the effects of micro class combined with modular teaching on experimental teaching of internal medicine and basic nursing.Methods:Four classes of nursing students of Batch 2016 were selected as the research objects by drawing lots, and 148 nursing undergraduates were randomly divided into two groups. The combined teaching group adopted micro class combined with modular teaching, and the modular teaching group adopted modular teaching method. The examination scores, SDLRS (self-directed learning readiness scale for nursing education) scores, medical education environment and teaching satisfaction of the two groups were compared. SPSS 22.0 was conducted for chi-square test and t test. Results:The scores of internal medicine nursing, basic nursing and operation skills in the combined teaching group were significantly higher than those in the traditional teaching group ( P<0.05); at the end of the semester, the scores of self-management, love of learning, self-control and SDLRS total score of the combined teaching group were higher than those of the modular teaching group ( P<0.05); the scores of learning perception, teacher perception, environment perception and total score of the combined teaching group were higher than those of the modular teaching group ( P<0.05); the teaching satisfactions with improving learning interest, learning efficiency, learning initiative and mastering key contents better in the combined teaching group were higher than those in the modular teaching group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The combination of micro class and modular teaching can improve the examination results and self-directed learning readiness of nursing students, improve the internal environment of medical education, and students' teaching satisfaction is high.
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Objective:To explore the mechanism of the extraction of Carthami flos in the treatment of chronic alcoholic liver injury based on metabolomics. Methods:The rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, positive control group and low, medium and high dose groups of the extraction of Carthami flos, with 10 rats in each group. In addition to the normal group, the other groups were gavaged with 8 ml/kg of 56° Niulanshan Baijiu to prepare the rat model with chronic alcoholic liver injury. After the successful modeling, the positive control group was gavaged with 0.36 mg/kg of Hugan tablet, and the low, medium and high dose groups were gavaged with 0.476 7, 1.430 1 and 4.290 3 g/kg of the extraction of Carthami flos respectively, once a day for 21 days. The contents of GPT, GOT, TG and ALP2 in serum were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer, and the effects of the extraction of Carthami flos on chronic alcoholic liver injury in rats were analyzed by Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS), cluster analysis, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Orthogonal Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA). Results:The levels of GPT [(42.11±6.58)U/L, (42.38±6.58)U/L vs. (49.96±10.70)U/L] and GOT [(104.81±14.70)U/L, (102.91±23.65)U/L vs. (159.66±53.69)U/L] decreased ( P<0.05 or P<0.01), while the levels of TG [(0.85±0.29)U/L, (0.85±0.23)U/L vs.(0.62±0.21)U/L] and ALP2 [(104.53±13.53)U/L, (100.30±17.28)U/L vs.(77.13±12.54)U/L] increased ( P<0.05 or P<0.01); The results of cluster analysis, PCA and OPLS-DA showed that the model group and the high-dose group of the extraction of Carthami flos could be distinguished obviously. A total of 20 chemical markers were obtained in the serum of rats with chronic alcoholic liver injury treated with the extraction of Carthami flos. Among them, the extraction of Carthami flos can down regulate the level of serum linolenic acid triglyceride in rats with chronic alcoholic liver injury and up regulate triglyceride, palmitic acid, lysophosphatidylcholine, palmitoyl ethanolamide, epinephrine, sphingosine, lysophosphingomyelin α-Linolenic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid are 10 endogenous metabolites. Conclusion:The treatment of chronic alcoholic liver injury with the extraction of Carthami flos may be related to the regulation of endogenous metabolites docosahexadilute acid, docosapentadilute acid α- Linolenic acid.
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Introduction@#Lichen is a stable symbiotic complex formed by fungi and symbiotic algae. There are many kinds of lichens, which are cold and drought resistant, and have strong adaptability to the environment. Lichens can grow and reproduce in places where other organisms are difficult to survive. Apart from their ecological importance, they have become important natural medicinal resources due to the production of a large number of unique secondary metabolites (depsides, depsidones, dibenzofurans, pulvinic acid derivatives) and pigments (anthraquinones, napthoquinones, and xanthones) which can act as biomarkers as well as bioactive compounds. <i>Usnea longissima Ach</i>. is a hanging hair lichen, that grows circumpolar in high humidity inland areas and coastal forests of Europe, Asia, and North America. This lichen has been used therapeutically for centuries in Mongolian traditional systems of medicine for its analgesic, cardiotonic, stomachic, and wound healing properties. Recently, many scholars have studied the chemical constituents and biological activities of <i>Usnea longissima Ach</i> and its related varieties, and obtained gratifying results. Previous studies on its chemical constituents have resulted in isolation of several bioactive secondary metabolites which include monosubstituted phenyls, depsides, anthraquinones, dibenzofuran derivatives, and terpenoids. In order to understand the clinical application and devote to the deeper scientific research and development, the pharmacological literature of <i>Usnea longissima Ach</i> was sorted out in this study. @*Methods@#Collect and sort out the modern periodical literature and the related pharmacological studies of Usnea longissima Ach in academic websites. @*Result and Conclusion@#The pharmacological studies of Mongolian medicine <i>Usnea longissima Ach</i> were studied in this paper. <i>Usnea longissima Ach</i> has a long history of medicinal use, which is recorded in the traditional medical materials of Tibetan, Mongolian, Uygurs, Tai and other ethnic minorities, as well as traditional Chinese medicine. According to the records, different nationalities in different countries have their own traditional medical theories as the basis for the diagnosis and treatment of different diseases. Previous studies on its chemical constituents have resulted in isolation of several bioactive secondary metabolites which include monosubstituted phenyls, depsides, anthraquinones, dibenzofuran derivatives, and terpenoids. The <i>Usnea longissima Ach</i> tastes bitter and it has the function of anti-bacterial, antioxidant, anti-cancer and detoxification effects. But it requires further study such as extract, isolate, and analyze the more chemical ingredients and its pharmacological activity.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between CYP 2C19 gene polymorphisms and clopidogrel efficacy in coronary heart disease patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods From January 2016 to December 2017,62 patients with acute coronary syndromes and treated with PCI in Guizhou Aerospace Hospital were recruited, CYP2C19 genotype, ADP －induced platelet aggregation rate and myocardial enzymes and other indicators were detected before operation .The myocardial enzymes were measured 24 hours after PCI.According to different metabolic types,the patients were grouped,the above indicators were compared.Results The CYP2C19*1/*1 was 37.10%,CYP2C19*1/*2 was 35.48%,CYP2C19*1/*3 was 11.29%,CYP2C19*2/*2 was 12.90%,CYP2C19*2/*3 was 3.23% and CYP2C19*3/*3 was 0.00%.The LDH,AST,CK,CK－MB and α－HBDH in the PCI patients after operation were significantly higher than those before operation (t＝0.019,0.040, 0.044,0.022,0.014,all P＜0.05).But ADP induced platelet aggregation rate and myocardial enzymes and other indicators among fast metabolism group,intermediate metabolic group and slow metabolic group had no statistically significant differences (all P ＞0.05).Conclusion CYP2C19 mutation frequency in the Chinese population is relatively large,the sample size of this study is less ,the relationship between clopidogrel resistance and the specific genotype can not be obtained ,it need to increase the sample size and comprehensive multi －factor consideration .
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Objective To explore the mechanism of icariin mediating migration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in rat bone marrow. Methods MSC proliferation was detected by CCK-8 test. Cell apoptosis was examined with Hoechst33342 staining after the establishment of cellular oxygen and glucose deprivation model. The protein expressions of CXCR4, the receptor of SDF-1, in the surface of MSC after stimulated by icariin were detected through Western blot. The migration of MSC was observed by Transwell chemotaxis assay. Results 0.01μmol/L, 0.1μmol/L and 1μmol/L of icariin could significantly promote the proliferation of MSC, while 10μmol/L of icariin inhibited the proliferation of MSC. After treatment of oxygen and glucose deprivation in vitro, 0.1μmol/L and 1μmol/L of icariin could inhibit the apoptosis of MSC. Icariin could not only improve the expression of CXCR4 in MSC, but also increase the number of transmembrane migrated MSC. After the addition of CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100, there was no significant difference in the number of cell migration among the different groups. Conclusion Icariin with appropriate concentration can promote the proliferation, survival and migration of MSC. SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling pathway is involved in the regulation of MSC migration by icariin.
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Objective To explore the effects of electroacupuncture on brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) of rats with sciatic nerve injury (SNI); To discuss its biological mechanism for treatment of SNI. Methods Fifty adult male Wistar rats were chosen, and the sciatic nerves of rats were cut off and pulled on both sides of the cut ends into nerve regeneration chamber. The rats were randomly divided into normal group, sham-operation group, model group, and electroacupuncture group. In the electroacupuncture group, the rats were treated by electroacupuncture for 28 days. After the treatment, the nerve regeneration was observed through HE staining. Immunofluorescence was used to analyze the expression changes of BDNF in the nerve tissue and spinal cord. ELISA was used to observe the changes of expression of serum BDNF. Results The amount of axon regeneration in the electroacupuncture group was obviously more than that in the model group, and the outline of the tissue more clear. Electroacupuncture could promote the expression of BDNF in the nerve, spinal cord and serum of SNI of rats compared with model group (P<0.01). Conclusion Electroacupuncture can promote the repairment and regeneration of SNI in rats by upregulating the expression of BDNF.
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Objective To observe the effects of electroacupuncture on the expressions of autophagy related protein Beclin-1 and apoptosis related protein p53 of hippocampus in rats;To explore the mechanism of electroacupuncture on Alzheimer's disease (AD).Methods The rats were randomly divided into the normal group, the sham-operation group, the model group, and the electroacupuncture treatment group. “Baihui” and “Yongquan” points were taken for electroacupuncture treatment and the treatment course was 7 days. The rats were treated once a day for 4 courses. Changes in morphology and number of Nissl positive cells were examined by Nissl staining in hippocampal CA1 regions. Expressions of Beclin-1 and p53 protein were determined by Western blot analysis.Results Number of Nissl positive cells in CA1 region of the model group was significantly less than that of normal group (P<0.01). After electroacupuncture treatment, number of pyramidal cells and expression of Nissl body significantly increased (P<0.05). Expression of Beclin-1 decreased, while expression of p53 increased in the hippocampus of the model group, compared with that in the normal group (P<0.05). However, electroacupuncture treatment could significantly upregulate the expression of Beclin-1 protein (P<0.01), but downregulate the level of p53 (P<0.05).Conclusion Electro-acupuncture treatment could fight against Aβ-induced neuronal apoptosis, and improve the morphological changes of AD’s hippocampus.