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There is a certain relationship between chemotherapy and stroke in cancer patients. Its mechanism may be associated with the increase of the prevalence of traditional vascular factors, the promotion of coagulation dysfunction, the induction of anemia, the impairment of cardiac function, and vascular inflammation. The pathophysiological mechanism of chemotherapy-associated stroke is still in the exploratory stage. This article reviews the pathophysiological mechanism, monitoring indicators, and diagnosis and treatment progress of stroke in cancer patients during chemotherapy.
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Stroke has become the leading cause of death in China, and carotid atherosclerosis is an important risk factor for ischemic stroke. In current carotid atherosclerosis diagnosis and treatment guidelines, patients are stratified based on the degree of vascular stenosis. However, the presence of carotid atherosclerotic vulnerable plaques can cause ischemic stroke at any time, regardless of the degree of carotid stenosis. The development of MRI technology, especially the advent of high-resolution MRI, enables non-invasive assessment of carotid plaque structure and properties, and provides optimized treatment strategies for high-risk stroke population in the early stage to achieve the goal of prevention and treatment of stroke.
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Objective To investigate the clinical application value of hippocampal volume (HV)measurement with MMSE score in varying different degrees cognitive impairment.Methods 30 Alzheimer’s disease(AD)patients,30 mild cognitive impairment (MCI)patients and 30 normal controls(NC)were recruited,HV was measured by Siemens Tim-avanto 3.0T super conductance magnetic resonance.Standardized HV and MMSE scores of three groups were comprehensive analyzed.Results The left and right sides and the total HV of AD group were lower than the MCI and the NC group,with significant differences by statistical analysis (P <0.05).The HV had no significant differences between the MCI and the NC group.The MMSE scores of AD group were lower than the MCI and the NC group,with significant differences by statistical analysis (P <0.05),the score had no significant differences between the MCI and the NC group.Conclusion HV measurement with MMSE score would be helpful to provide effective basis for the AD diagnosis,the sensitivity in the diagnosis of MCI is not high.
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Objective To observe the differences of metabolite ratios among mild cognitive impairment (MCI),Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and normal cognitive state (NC)patients in the hippocampus.Methods According to the clinical features,patients were divided into three groups:MCI group (n=30),AD group (n=28)and NC group (n=30).All the patients were examined by 1 H MRS and compared the ratios of NAA/Cr,Ins/Cr,NAA/Ins,Cho/Cr of both the left and right side of the hippocampus.Results The NAA/Cr in MCI group and AD group were much lower than that in NC group (P <0.05).The Ins/Cr and NAA/Ins in MCI group and AD group showed significant differences compared with NC group (P <0.05).On Ins/Cr and NAA/Ins of the left side,there were significant differences among three groups (P <0.05).Conclusion 1 H MRS as a non-invasive diagnostic technique has higher sensitivity in the early diagnosis and differential diagnosis between MCI and AD patients.