ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the region-specific characteristics of the gut microbiota and evaluate the association of speci?c gut microbes with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from the Dongxiang Group in Gansu province, Northwest China.Methods:Fifty-three participants who was born in Dongxiang Autonomous County (Gansu Province) from April 2020 to January 2021 were enrolled, including 25 patients with T2DM recruited from the outpatient departments of internal medicine at The People′s Hospital of Dongxiang County(T2DM group) and 28 healthy controls recruited from the health screening center (HC group). Gut microbiome composition was analyzed using a 16S ribosomal RNA gene-based sequencing protocol.Results:A total of 936 operational taxonomic units (OTU) were obtained in the two groups. Of note, the HC and T2DM groups had 633 OTU in common. The alpha and beta diversity were different between the two groups ( P<0.05). Shannon index was significantly higher than that in the HC group, and Simpson index was significantly lower than that in the HC group, displacement multivariate analysis of variance was used to compare β diversity between the two groups, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). At the Phylum level, firmicutes and actinomycetes in T2DM group were significantly higher than those in the HC group (37.97% vs. 22.89%, 5.09% vs. 2.08%), and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The abundance of Bacteroidetes was significantly decreased (68.00% in T2DM group and 49.75% in HC group), and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). At the genus level, there were 20 genera statistically significant differences between the two groups. The abundance of Bifidobacterium, Escherichia, Shigella, and Tyzzerella_4 levels were significantly increased in the T2DM group, but Prevotella_9, Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG-003, and Roseburia levels were significantly decreased in the T2DM group compared to those in the HC group. Conclusions:There is a significant difference in the gut microbiota between patients with T2DM and healthy individuals of the Dongxiang group in Northwest China. So as to preliminary exploration the intestinal flora characteristics of T2DM in the Dongxiang group.The findings of this study provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of T2DM in Dongxiang group in the future.
ABSTRACT
Most of the maxillary first premolar are single-rooted,there are also two-rooted and three-rooted ones.A case of three-rooted maxillary first premolar was diagnosed by CBCT.CBCT has the advantage in the observation of the variation root number,root canal bending and the variation of root canal morphology.
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Objective To explore the effect of decrease of Survivin expression on the proliferation and apoptosis of the naso-pharyngeal carcinoma cells.Methods To observe the effect of decrease of Survivin expression on nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell morphology using RNAi technology combined with RT-PCR and Western blot.Cell proliferation and apoptosis were de-tected by MTT and TUNEL assay.The expression of PARP,Bcl-2 and Bax was detected by Western blot.Results RT-PCR result showed the survivin mRNA expression in Surviving-siRNA groups was downregulated (about 0.26±0.02)and the inhibition ratio was 43.7% (P<0.05).MTT result showed cell proliferation rates were significantly different between 24,48 and 72 h after transfection.The cell inhibition rates were 21.9%,37.1% and 29.6%,respectively (P<0.05).West-ern blot result showed the Survivin protein expression in Survivin-siRNA2 groups was downregalated and the relative ex-pression level was reduced by 57% (P<0.05).TUNEL assay showed that cell apoptosis rate was increased obviously in surviving-siRNA groups.The expression of PARP (89KD)and Bax wasupregulated (3.9 and 2.4 fold change)and the ex-pression of Bcl-2 was downregulated (0.3 fold change).The phosphorylation of AKT was inhibited when Survivin was down-regulated (about reduced by 5 7%).Conclusion Silencing Survivin gene by siRNA can inhibit the proliferation of Na-sopharyngeal carcinoma cells and induce apoptosis.Survivin may become a potential gene for therapy target of nasopharynge-al carcinoma.