ABSTRACT
Gaming addiction， as a main manifestation of internet addiction， is characterized by a pattern of persistent or recurrent gaming behaviors. Gaming behaviors are common among adolescents and can result in marked distress or significant impairment in personal， family， social or other important areas of functioning. Recent research on health hazards of gaming addiction is relatively scattered. This article reviews the harm of adolescent game addiction to physical and mental health.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo investigate the specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody in adults and above after initial vaccination with inactivated COVID-19 vaccine， and determine the influencing factors. MethodsIn this study， residents aged 18 and above who had completed two doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in Deqing County， Huzhou City， Zhejiang Province were included. Information such as gender， age， type of vaccine and vaccination time were collected， and serum specimens were sampled. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain （RBD） antibody was quantitatively examined by enzyma-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） and influencing factors were determined. ResultsThe median concentration of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody in the residents vaccinated with an inactivated booster vaccine was higher than that in those vaccinated with only two doses of COVID-19 vaccine or single dose （P<0.05）. The median concentration of IgG antibody in males was 9.73 （4.01‒23.70） RU‧mL-1， lower than 17.76 （7.07‒49.23） RU‧mL-1 in females （P<0.05）. The median concentration in the residents vaccinated with BBIBP-CorV （Sinopharm） was 6.53 （0.97‒13.69） RU‧mL-1， which was lower than that in those vaccinated with CoronaVac （Sinovac） that was 17.29 （8.54‒43.73） RU‧mL-1 （P<0.05）. The median concentration in those with BBIBP-CorV was also lower than 12 （5.45‒40.06） RU‧mL-1 in those with heterologous booster vaccine （P<0.05）. The median concentration was 9.73 （3.83‒23.63） RU‧mL-1 in the residents with an interval of more than 6 months from the second dose， which was lower than 14.66 （6.36‒35.98） RU‧mL-1 in those with an interval of 3‒6 months （P<0.05）. Moreover， immune effect was better in females （χ²=16.464， P<0.05）， 18‒45 years（χ²=7.158， P<0.05）， and those vaccinated with CornaVac （χ²=49.637， P<0.05）， while decreased in those with an interval of more than 6 months from the second dose （χ²=8.447， P<0.05）. ConclusionGender， age， and type of vaccine may affect the effect of immunization. The COVID-19 vaccination shows an acceptable immunogenicity in adults； however， it declines in 6 months after vaccination. It warrants strengthening the booster vaccination to maintain the immune response.