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Objective To investigate the expression of TP53, PDGF and EGFR in primary astrocytomas, and analyze their correlation with clinicopathological features and prognosis. Methods We analyzed retrospectively the clinicopathological data of 90 patients with primary astrocytoma. The expressions of TP53, PDGF and EGFR in primary astrocytoma tissue samples were detected by immunohistochemistry. The survival of patients was followed up and Cox regression analysis was used to determine the prognostic factors. Results TP53 was expressed in the nucleus, PDGF and EGFR were expressed in the cytoplasm and cell membrane. The positive expression rates of TP53, PDGF and EGFR were 58.89%, 51.11% and 48.89%, significantly higher than those in normal brain tissues (all P < 0.05); the positive expression rate of TP53 in patients with tumor size ≥3 cm was higher than that in patients with tumor size < 3 cm. The positive expression rates of TP53, PDGF and EGFR in patients with WHO stages Ⅲ-Ⅳ were higher than those in patients with WHO stageⅠ-Ⅱ(all P < 0.05); the survival time of patients with positive expression of TP53, PDGF and EGFR were shorter than those of negative expression (all P < 0.05). Cox regression analysis found that WHO staging, TP53, PDGF and EGFR were all factors influencing the prognosis of primary astrocytomas patients. Conclusion TP53, PDGF and EGFR are highly expressed in primary astrocytomas and closely related to tumor progression. They are factors that affect the prognosis of patients.
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Objective:To study the effects of SiO2 nanoparticles on the organs of mice in vivo after intratracheal instillation, and to provide the basis for safety evaluation of SiO2 nanoparticles. Methods:Forty female BALB/c mice aged 6-8 weeks were randomly divided into control group (saline), low dose of SiO2 group (7 mg·kg-1), middle dose of SiO2 group (21 mg·kg-1), and high dose of SiO2 group (35 mg·kg-1).1 and 15 d after five times of non-exposed intratracheal instilation infection (once every 3 d), the mice were sacrificed and the left lungs,the right kidneys, livers, hearts and spleens were collected and embedded in paraffin.The morphology of tissue sections was observed under light microscope after hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining.The eyeball blood was obtained and the biochemical indicators of liver and kidndy functions were detected.Results:Compared with control group, there were alveolar interval thickening, inflammatory cell infiltration, and a small amount of small arterial thrombosis in the lungs;granulomatous inflammatory cell infiltration and a small amount of focal necrosis of liver cells in the livers;red pulp enlargement, hyperemia, and more visibly scattered megakaryocytes in the spleens in SiO2 nanoparticles groups in a dose-dependent manner, especially in middle and high doses of SiO2 groups.After 15 d of injection, the damages alleviated with the prolongation of time.There was some inflammatory cell infiltration in the kidney tissue of the mice in SiO2 nanoparticle groups.The biochemical indicator detection results showed that alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate transaminase(AST) levels in SiO2 nanoparticles groups varied, suggesting the liver cell damages were at different degrees;the changes of urea nitrogen(BUN) and creatinine(Cr) levels in SiO2 nanoparticle groups remindered the kidney function alteration, but there were no obvious dose-and time-dependent effects.Conclusion:Intratracheal instillation of SiO2 nanoparticles can influence the major organs of the mice and mainly displays in the inflammation and injuries in the lung, liver, and spleen.
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Objective To explore the expression of REG4 and survivin in colorectal cancer, and to analyze the relationship with clinicopathologic features. Methods The expression of REG4 and survivin in 92 colorectal cancer and corresponding normal mucosa was evaluated by immunohistochemistry combining tissue microarray. The relationship between REG4 and survivin and clinicopathologic parameters were statistically assessed. Results The positive expression of REG4 and survivin in colorectal cancer were 53.3% (49/92) and 64.1% (59/92). The positive rates were 8.6% (8/92) and 3.3% (3/92) in the normal mucosa. The level of both REG4 and survivin in colorectal cancer was significantly higher than that in normal mucosa (P 0.05). REG4 expression was positively associated with survivin (r =0.208, P<0.05). Conclusion REG4 and survivin were upregulated in colorectal carcinoma, and may be involved in the occurrence of colorectal cancer.
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Objective To compare the transurenthral resection to radical cystectomy on muscle invasive bladder cancer, and to explore the factors affecting the prognosis. Methods Data of 74 patients with muscle invasive bladder can?cer were retrospectively analyzed. There were 38 cases underwent radical cystectomy (group A), and were treated with intra?venous chemotherapy after operation. There were 36 cases underwent transurenthral resection (group B), and were treated with intravenous and urinary bladder irrigation chemotherapy. All patients were followed up 61 (5-91) months. Data were compared between two groups including duration of surgery, intraoperative blood loss, the cumulative length of hospital stay, cancer recurrence rate and 5-year survival rate . The factors may affecting the prognosis in patients were collected and ana?lyzed by the Log-rank univariate and Cox multivariate analyzed. Results The values of operation time, intraoperative blood loss and the cumulative length of hospital stay were significantly lower in group B than those of group A ( P0.05). Results of the Log-rank univariate analysis showed that the tumor size≥5 cm and T3 stage were the important factors of 5-year relapse-free survival rate and 5-year overall survival rate. Results of the Cox multivariate analysis showed that the tumor size≥5 cm (RR=3.687, 95%CI:1.913-7.105, P<0.001) was the important factor of recurrence in patients after operation. T3 stage (RR=3.325, 95%CI:1.437-7.695, P=0.005) and tumor size≥5 cm (RR=5.017, 95%CI:2.440-10.317, P=0.002) were the risk fac?tors of the 5-year overall survival rate. Conclusion The transurenthral resection with intravenous and urinary bladder irri?gation chemotherapy deserves recommendation for the treatment of muscle invasive bladder cancer. Tumor size ≥5 cm and T3 stage are the important factors for the prognosis.
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Prostate cancer is one of the life threatening disorders for human being, which has a high incidence over the world. At present, treatments include surgery, radiation therapy, cryosurgery, chemotherapy and hormonal therapy etc. Also, dietary modifications may decrease incidence of developing prostate cancer. This article summarizes current treat-ments, which may be helpful to prevent life threatening disease.
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Objective To explore the impact of basal sphincter of Oddi (SO) pressure on pancreatobiliary reflux (PBR).Methods A total of 120 consecutive patients who received therapeutic ERCP for biliary tract diseases with or without the history of EST were enrolled,and were assigned to normal basal SO pressure group (n =23),elevated basal pressure group (n =55) and EST group (n =24).Basal SO pressure,bile amylase (BA) and bacteria culture findings were compared between the three groups.Results There were no differences in positive rate of bacteria culture,SO pressure increase and BA between the normal basal SO pressure group and elevated basal pressure group.In the latter group,negative correlation was observed between SO pressure and BA.The BA value [median(quartile range)] in patients with common bile duct ≥ 15 mm [4270 (12 337)U/L] was significantly higher than that in patients with common bile duct ＜ 15 mm [279.5 (1370) U/L].Furthermore,significant difference in both the proportion of elevated BA patients (83.3％ vs.59.0％) (P ＜0.05) and the positive rate of bacteria culture (75.0％ vs.33.3％) was seen between the intact papilla patients in the former two groups and those in EST group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion There was no direct correlation between the elevated basal SO pressure and PBR,but marked increase in diameter of common bile duct can lead to a rise in BA.Moreover,although EST can bring about PBR and bile bacterial infection,it may facilitate the outflow of the refluent pancreatic juice by relieving cholestasis.
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Objective To detect the expression of osteopontin (OPN) in cervical local tissues of patients with chronic cervicitis, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), cervical cancer. To investigate the possibility that OPN is used as tumor marker of cervical cancer. Methods The expression of OPN in 25 cases of chronic cervicitis, 18 cases of CIN and 21 cases of cervical cancer was detected by immuohistochemistry SP method. Results The positive expression rates of OPN in the chronic cervicitis, CIN and the cervical cancer had a rising trend (48 %, 77.78 % and 80.95 %, respectively) and their differences had statistical significant (P 0.05). Although OPN expression level in cervical cancer wasn' t related with tumor clinical stage, positive expression rates of OPN had a gradually increased trend along with the clinical stage. Conclusion High expression of OPN is found in cervical cancer and may be related to the occurrence and development of cervical cancer.
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Objective:To investigate the relationship of explicit self-esteem,implicit self-esteem,rumination and depression in a sample of adolescents.Methods:171 adolescents were investigated by Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale,CES-D,Ruminative Responses Scale and self-esteem IAT.Results:Pearson's correlation analysis showed a significant and negative relationship between explicit self-esteem and rumination (r=-0.394,P