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@#Punica granatum L.(pomegranate) is a medicinal plant belonging to the genus Punica Linn..The peel, seed, flower, leaf and root of P.granatum is widely used as traditional medicine in China.Phytochemical studies showed that the major chemical constituents of P.granatum were tannins, flavonoids, terpenes, alkaloids, phenolic acids, anthocyanins, fatty acids, etc.Biological studies on extracts and active ingredients of P.granatum show some bioactivities, such as antioxidant, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antibacterial activities.Herein, the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of different parts of pomegranate were reviewed, providing a theoretical basis for the further research and utilization of pomegranate.
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Objective@#The metaanalysis aims to estimate the prevalence of suicide plan among college students in mainland China, and to provide more clues and reference for control and prevention of suicide.@*Methods@#The relevant studies were systematically searched via electronic databases (PubMed，Embase，CNKI，Wan Fang Data，VIP). We only selected original articles that either reported on Chinese retrieval words of "college students" "undergraduate" "university" "college" "colleges and universities" "suicide plans" "detection rate" "prevalence" "report rate", and the English retrieval words of "undergraduate" "college" "university" "suicide" "suicidality" "suicide plans" "suicidal plans suicide intending" "prevalence" "report rate" "detection rate" "China" "Chinese". And Stata 12.0 software was used to make a metaanalysis of the data.@*Results@#A total of 18 eligible studies, with 47 071 college students, were finally included. The maximum and minimum reported prevalence of suicidal plan among college students in China mainland was 4.4%(95%CI: 3.4%-5.4%).Subgroup analyses showed that the pooled estimate of suicidal plan of boys(5.4%) was higher than girls’(4.2%); The prevalence among college students from earth, middle and west areas were 5.1%，2.7%，4.5%, respectively; The prevalence among college students in 2010 and after (4.4%)was higher than that before 2010(4.3%), The prevalence among college students of life time suicide plan (4.9%)was higher than that during the past 12 months(4.0%), but there was no statistical significance in the subgroup(P>0.05) . Sensitivity analysis suggested that the results of metaanalysis were relatively stable, while funnel plot analysis suggested that publication bias might exist.@*Conclusion@#Prevalence of suicidal plans among college students in mainland China is respectively low, and there was no statistical significance in gender, region, the period of time and simple size.
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Objective To investigate the acute adverse reactions of craniospinal irradiation with helical tomotherapy in medulloblastoma patients and its risk factors. Methods A total of 20 patients with medulloblastoma who received craniospinal irradiation with helical tomotherapy between October 2012 and September 2016 in Air Force General Hospital were selected. The acute adverse events of 20 patients during the treatment were record. According to National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE) version 4.0, the adverse reactions were divided into the mild group (grade 0-Ⅱ) and severe group (grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ) adverse reactions. And the risk factors were also analyzed. Results The non-hematological adverse reactions included fatigue (55％), vomiting (45％) and headache (25％). The hematological adverse reactions included leukopenia (95％), thrombocytopenia (55％) and lower hemoglobin (45％), and the incidence of severe adverse reactions was 35％ (7/20), 20％ (4/20) and 0 ( 0/20 ) , respectively . Leukopenia occurred in 18 patients ( 90％) at the beginning of radiotherapy within 2 weeks, and thrombocytopenia occurred in 8 patients (40％) at the beginning of radiotherapy after 2 weeks. Single factor analysis showed that there were no statistical differences in hematological adverse events of gender, age and radiation dose of spinal cord (all P>0.05). The incidence of leukopenia for the patients who received the chemotherapy before the radiotherapy was higher than that for the patients without the chemotherapy before the radiotherapy (P< 0.05). Conclusions The hematological adverse reactions were the major acute adverse events during the craniospinal irradiation with helical tomotherapy in patients with medulloblastoma. Theincidence of leukopenia and thrombocytopenia is common, and the incidence of hematological adverse reactions is higher after the chemotherapy. Thus, the close monitoring of hemogram change and treatment of hematological adverse reactions in time during the radiotherapy should be taken into the consideration.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) treatment through intramuscular administration on the heart function and angiogenesis of the myocardium in dilated car-diomyopathy (DCM)rats induced by Adriamycin(ADR). Methods One hundred male SD rats were randomly divided into the normal group and the DCM group. Rats in the DCM group were treated with ADR by intraperitoneal injection of 2. 0 mg/ kg dose per week for 8 weeks in order to induce DCM. Sixty modeled surviving rats with DCM were randomly divided equally into 3 groups,and they were treated with hUCMSCs or DMEM by intramuscular injection. Rats in the DMEM group (20 cases)received intramuscular infusion 2 mL DMEM alone;rats in the low - dose group (20 cases) underwent intramuscular infusion of 1 × 106 hUCMSCs/ 2 mL in DMEM;rats in the high dose group (20 cases)under-went intramuscular infusion of 10 × 106 hUCMSCs/ 2 mL in DMEM. Echocardiography and plasma brain natriuretic pep-tide(BNP)were used to assess cardiac function in modeled rats. The morphological changes in myocardial cells were observed by using HE and Masson staining after ADR injection stopped for one week. Four weeks after administration of hUCMSCs,echocardiography was performed to evaluate the cardiac function,and plasma BNP level was detected by en-zyme immunoassay kit. Western blot was used to analyze the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in myocardium of rats in each group. Myocardial microvessel density was detected by using anti - CD34 monoclonal antibody and transmission electron microscopy (TEM)were performed to observe the ultrastructure of microvessel. Results Left ventricular ejection (LVEF)and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS)in the DCM groups [(66. 17 ± 3. 54)％,(31. 33 ± 3. 20)％]were significantly decreased compared to those in the normal group [(77. 25 ± 3. 40)％,(41. 00 ± 2. 94)％],and the differences were statistically significant(t = 10. 620,10. 328,all P < 0. 05);the morphological changes in myocardial cells was observed by using HE and Masson staining. Pit - induced typical his-tological lesion of myocardial tissue was observed in the DCM group,such as congestion,edema,a disorganization of myocytes and focal necrosis and myocardial tissue with wispy,broad collagen fibers predominating in the matrix. Four weeks after administration of hUCMSCs,LVEF in the low dose group or the high dose group were significantly higher compared with those in the DMEM group[(72. 27 ± 2. 44)％ or (70. 92 ± 2. 68)％ vs. (62. 89 ± 2. 54)％],and the differences were statistically significant(t = 2. 145,2. 131,all P < 0. 05);and LVFS were significantly higher compared with that in the DMEM group [(34. 96 ± 2. 08)％ or (33. 49 ± 2. 19)％ vs. (30. 98 ± 2. 22)％],and the differences were statistically significant (t = 2. 491,4. 086,all P < 0. 05). The plasma level of BNP was significantly declined in the hUCMSCs treated rats as compared to those before treatment [low dose group (352. 68 ± 41. 25)ng/ L vs. (202. 68 ± 20. 38)ng/ L,t = 2. 052,P < 0. 05;high dose group (355. 79 ± 48. 32)ng/ L vs. (193. 62 ± 15. 41)ng/ L,t = 2. 074,P < 0. 05]. Quantitative analysis demonstrated that microvessel density was significantly hi-gher in low - dose and high - dose hUCMSCs treated DCM rats than that in the DMEM treated DCM rats [(84. 00 ± 19. 18)/ mm2 or (86. 67 ± 20. 88)/ mm2 vs. (27. 14 ± 13. 97)/ mm2 ,t = 2. 109,2. 101,all P < 0. 05];Western blot test showed that there had high expression of VEGF in myocardium and TEM in the high dose group,and vessel injury in DMEM treated rats were more serious than that of hUCMSCs treated rats. Conclusion It suggests that hUCMSCs in-tramuscular injection may improve heart function and angiogenesis of myocardium in DCM rats induced by adriamycin.
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Objective To summarize the operational experience and explore the best surgery strategy in cicatricial alopecia.Methods Clinical date of 80 cases of cicatricial alopecia during January 2012 to December 2016 were analyzed retrospectively.The operation methods and related adverse events were recorded.Patients were followed-up on the postoperative 1 week,1 month,3 months,6 months and 1-2 years.The outcomes were evaluated by a 4-levels questionnaire:very satisfied,satisfied,not satisfied,and no effect.Results Forty cases were operated with expanded skin flap + Follicular unit extraction (FUE) transplantation,10 cases with scar resection + FUE repair,and 30 cases only with FUE.Twenty cases were completed treatment with single-stage surgical operation,and 60 cases with two-stage surgical operation.A percentage (70％) of patients was very satisfied and 30％ were satisfied after one-stage surgical operation.A percentage (85％) of patients was very satisfied and 15％ were satisfied after two-stage surgical operation.Conclusions The cicatricial alopecia needs comprehensive surgical treatment.FUE is a best additional operation technology.The effect of combined treatment is better than single therapy method in large area cicatricial alopecia.
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Objective To explore the curative effect and adverse reaction of applying stereotactic radiotherapy to primary lesion inside chest cavity of patients with oligometastasis non-small cell lung cancer and rendering radical radiotherapy to all metastases. Methods 43 patients with≤5 metastases of non-small cell lung cancer received initial treatment during 2009-2015 in our department were analyzed;the stereotactic radiotherapy was adopted to implement radical radiotherapy on primary lesion and all metastases. The average and neutral position BED10 respectively were 101416 Gy and 102700 Gy,the number of neutral position chemotherapy period was 4. Kaplan-Meier method, survival analysis, Cox model, multi factor Prognosis analysis were used. Results By the end of January 10,2017 in 36 months' neutral position follow-up visit, the total effective rate of lesion treatment of 86%;the survival rates after 1,2 and 3 years respectively were 74%, 70% and 51%. Neutral survival time was 48 months, and the progression-free time of neutral position was 15 months. Multi-factor analysis indicated that,ECOG<2 and ECOG≥2(P=0000),BED10<100 Gy and BED10≥100 Gy ( P=0006) generated obvious influence on survival prognosis. About 90% of the patients only got 1-2 degree of adverse reaction without emerging treatment related death. Conclusions On the premise of systematic therapy of oligometastasis non-small cell lung cancer, combined with radical radiotherapy of primary lesion and metastasis can obviously improve patients ' overall survival and progression-free survival,the adverse reaction is durable.
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Objective To explore the curative effect and adverse reaction of applying stereotactic radiotherapy to primary lesion inside chest cavity of patients with oligometastasis non-small cell lung cancer and rendering radical radiotherapy to all metastases. Methods 43 patients with≤5 metastases of non-small cell lung cancer received initial treatment during 2009-2015 in our department were analyzed;the stereotactic radiotherapy was adopted to implement radical radiotherapy on primary lesion and all metastases. The average and neutral position BED10 respectively were 101416 Gy and 102700 Gy,the number of neutral position chemotherapy period was 4. Kaplan-Meier method, survival analysis, Cox model, multi factor Prognosis analysis were used. Results By the end of January 10,2017 in 36 months' neutral position follow-up visit, the total effective rate of lesion treatment of 86%;the survival rates after 1,2 and 3 years respectively were 74%, 70% and 51%. Neutral survival time was 48 months, and the progression-free time of neutral position was 15 months. Multi-factor analysis indicated that,ECOG<2 and ECOG≥2(P=0000),BED10<100 Gy and BED10≥100 Gy ( P=0006) generated obvious influence on survival prognosis. About 90% of the patients only got 1-2 degree of adverse reaction without emerging treatment related death. Conclusions On the premise of systematic therapy of oligometastasis non-small cell lung cancer, combined with radical radiotherapy of primary lesion and metastasis can obviously improve patients ' overall survival and progression-free survival,the adverse reaction is durable.
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ObjectiveTo determine the serum vitamin D levels of patients with primary hypertension to provide a basis for prevention and control of the hypertension in Kashgar prefecture.Methods The clinical data of 200 patients with hypertension in Kashgar prefecture admitted to the Second People's Hospital from January 2014 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. According to risk factors, the 200 patients with primary hypertension were divided into three groups: 60 patients were selected as low risk group (hypertension 1 grade and no risk factors), 64 patients were arranged into an intermediate risk group (hypertension 2 grade or hypertension 1 grade accompanied by 1-2 risk factors) and 76 patients were assigned in a high risk group (hypertension 3 grade or hypertension 1-2 grade accompanied by ≥3 risk factors or hypertension of any grade accompanied by 1 target organ damage or 1 kind of clinical disease). In the same period, 66 healthy subjects having taken physical systemic medical examination with normal blood pressure in this hospital were grouped into a healthy control group. The levels of blood pressure and vitamin D in serum were measured, and the correlations between vitamin D and systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were analyzed by pearson correlation analysis in the four groups.Results The SBP and DBP were significantly higher in low, intermediate and high risk group than those in healthy control group [SBP (mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa): 142±6, 161±5, 173±12 vs. 112±12, DBP (mmHg): 89±7, 101±4, 103±11 vs. 74±8], and their levels of vitamin D were lower in low, intermediate, high risk group than the level in healthy control group (μg/L: 24±6, 26±5, 20±4 vs. 30±7, allP < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the level of vitamin D was negatively correlated with SBP, DBP (r value was -0.373, -0.324, allP < 0.01).Conclusions The serum level of vitamin D is decreased in Uighur patients with blood hypertension in Kashgar prefecture, especially in the patients with high risk factors, the descent of the serum level is more significant. It is suggested to appropriately use vitamin D supplement to prevent blood hypertension.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in rats with severe burn and pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) treated with serum of rat with burn injury, and to investigate the relationship between ROS and apoptosis of PMVECs.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>(1) Twenty-four SD rats were divided into sham injury group ( n = 3) and burn group (n = 21) according to the random number table (the same grouping method below). Rats in burn group were inflicted with 30% TBSA full-thickness scald on the back, and rats in sham injury group were sham injured. Blood samples were collected from abdominal aorta at post injury hour 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72 respectively from 3 rats of burn group. The serum content of ROS was assayed by ELISA. The same determination was performed in rats of sham injury group. (2) Five rats were subjected to scald injury as above, and burn serum was prepared 24 hours after injury. Another 5 rats without receiving any treatment were used to prepare normal serum. (3) Marginal pulmonary tissue was harvested from 20 SD young rats. Cells were cultured with tissue block method and indentified with immunohistochemical staining. The third passage of PMVECs in logarithmic phase were inoculated in 6-well plates and 12-well plates. PMVECs in both plates were divided into 4 groups: normal serum group, burn serum group, normal serum + MnTBAP group, and burn serum + MnTBAP group, with 3 wells in each group. Cells in the former 2 groups were respectively cultured with special nutrient solution of endothelial cells without serum added with 15% healthy rat serum or 15% burn rat serum. Cells in the latter 2 groups were cultured with the same culture conditions as in the former two groups correspondingly with addition of 100 µmol/L MnTBAP in the nutrient solution. After being cultured for 24 h, the content of ROS in PMVECs in 6-well plates was detected with flow cytometry. The apoptosis of PMVECs in 12-well plates was observed with acridine orange-ethidium bromide staining, and the apoptosis rate was calculated. Data were processed with one-way analysis of variance and LSD-t test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The serum contents of ROS in rats of burn group were respectively (187 ± 21), (235 ± 22), (231 ± 25), (291 ± 20), (315 ±23) nmol/mL at post injury hour 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, which were significantly higher than that in sham injury group [(141 ± 19) nmol/mL, with t values respectively 7. 86, 9. 57, 13. 87, 14.98, 18.40, P values below 0.01]. (2) Primary cells grew slowly and showed a cobblestone appearance. After passages, cells grew with orderly distribution. The positive rate of coagulation factor VIII of cells was (96 ± 5)% , and thus they were identified as PMVECs. (3) In normal serum group, burn serum group, normal serum + MnTBAP group, and burn serum + MnTBAP group, the contents of ROS in PMVECs were respectively 798 ± 40, 1 294 ± 84, 763 ± 59, 926 ± 42 ( F =93.01, P <0.01), and the apoptosis rates of PMVECs were respectively (6.2 ± 1.3)%, (57.3 ± 6. 7)%, (3.7 ± 0. 8)%, (28.7 ± 5. 7)% (F = 224.50, P <0.01) after being cultured for 24 h. Compared with those of normal serum group, the content of ROS and apoptosis rate of PMVECs in burn serum group increased significantly (with t values respectively 10.40 and 49.06, P values below 0.01). The content of ROS and apoptosis rate of PMVECs in burn serum + MnTBAP group were significantly lower than those in burn serum group (with t values respectively 7.48 and 23.94, P values below 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Serum content of ROS was increased in severely burned rats. Burn rat serum stimulation on PMVECs can lead to the increase of the intracellular ROS and induce apoptosis. However application of MnTBAP can scavenge ROS and reduce the apoptosis induced by burn rat serum.</p>