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From June 2015 to June 2020, 52 patients who underwent emergency gastroscopy and treatment for upper gastrointestinal bleeding after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) at the Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University were included and retrospectively analyzed. The etiologic diagnosis of bleeding, results of hemostatic treatment and occurrence of complications during the emergency gastroscopy were observed. Among the 52 patients, 47 cases (90.4%) were found to have lesions that could explain upper gastrointestinal bleeding under emergency gastroscopy, and the remaining 5 cases (9.6%) could not clearly diagnose the cause of bleeding. Twenty-six cases (50.0%) were treated with emergency endoscopic hemostasis, of which 25 cases (96.2%) were successful. The median time for emergency endoscopy was 18 min. Seven cases (13.5%) had transient slowing of heart rate and lowering of blood pressure without serious complications. This shows that emergency gastroscopy is safe and effective in the diagnosis and treatment of upper gastrointestinal bleeding combined with post-PCI.
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Objective To investigate the application effect of the method based on peer-assisted learning (PAL) in venipuncture training.Methods A total of 120 new nurses who worked in Department of Neurology from May 2016 to January 2018 were enrolled and randomly divided into PAL group and control group.The nurses in the PAL group received venipuncture training with the PAL teaching mode,and those in the control group received venipuncture training with the conventional method.Practical operation ability was assessed after one month of training,including the ability to perform venipuncture,communication ability,humanistic care ability,and patient's degree of satisfaction,and a questionnaire survey was conducted to evaluate teaching methods and teaching effect.SPSS 20.0 was used for statistical analysis.Results There were significant differences between the PAL group and the control group in the scores of the ability to perform venipuncture (64.9 ± 3.7 vs 62.8 ± 4.7),communication ability (8.6 ± 1.3 vs 8.0 ± 1.4),humanistic care ability (8.8 ± 1.2 vs 8.2 ± 1.1),and patient's degree of satisfaction (8.8 ± 1.2 vs 8.3 ± 1.2).The questionnaire survey showed that the new nurses were more satisfied with the PAL training method,and the PAL group had significantly better learning efficiency,learning enthusiasm,and problemsolving ability than the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion The PAL teaching method can improve the practical operation ability of new nurses and help to improve training efficiency and quality,and therefore,it can be used as an important teaching method for venipuncture training for new nurses.
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Harpagoside (HAR) is believed to be a main compound in Scrophularia ningpoensis which possess a broad of biological activities.Human serum albumin (HSA) has important physiological roles in transportation, distribution and metabolism of many endogenous and exogenous substances in body.It is great significance in pharmacology to investigate the interaction mechanism of HAR and HSA.In this work, the interaction between HAR and HSA was investigated by fluorescence and ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy at different pH (pH=4.0, 7.4, and 9.0) and temperatures (297, 310 and 323 K).The experimental results showed that the HAR could cause the fluorescence quenching of HSA through a static quenching procedure, showing that the HAR regularly quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of HSA, and a decrease in the quenching constant was observed with an increase in temperature.Under different conditions, all the magnitude of binding constants (KA) was larger than 105 L/mol and the number of binding sites (n) in the binary system were approximate to 1.Base on the magnitude of enthalpy and entropy changes, the negative values of ΔG, ΔH and ΔS revealed that the binding of HAR with HSA was spontaneous and exothermic process, and the main interaction forces of the HAR with HAR were van der Waals forces and/or hydrogen bonding interaction.The binding distance (r) between the HAR and HSA was calculated to be about 4.2 nm based on the theory of F(o)rster′s nonradiation energy transfer, which indicated that the energy transfer from HSA to HAR occurred with high possibility.What was more, the synchronous florescence spectroscopy confirmed the conformational changes of HSA during the binding reaction.
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A three-element model of lumped parameter based on the statistic data of Weible's symmetric model and on the reference anatomic figures of the bronchial tree of the lungs has been proposed using the fluid network theory. It was assumed that the upper five or seven generations of the twenty-four generations of the respiratory airway are asymmetric, while the rest are symmetric. GEAR method was used to solve the ordinary differential equations. The pressure and flow rate distributions in different positions of the lungs during normal respiration and partial bronchial obstruction were compared, respectively. This model has great significance in finding out the air distribution in the human bronchial tree under various physiological and pathological conditions.
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Humans , Airway Resistance , Bronchi , Pathology , Physiology , Models, Biological , Respiration , Respiratory Mechanics , PhysiologyABSTRACT
Based on the principles of the sheet-flow model, oxygen transport in pulmonary capillaries was considered as a process in which oxygen first enters plasma through the respiratory membranes, and then combines with the Hbc. A novel mathematical model about oxygen transport in pulmonary capillaries was established according to the relationship of the oxygen concentration inside the red blood cells with the concentration of haemoglobin and the blood saturation, and according to the basic formula for the correlation between blood saturation and oxygen partial pressure. Furthermore, we adopted the Lax-Wendroff Finite Difference Method and obtained certain valuable results under different physiological states. It was well concluded that the established model could be used to provide useful data for medical researchers as well as doctors.
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Humans , Biological Transport , Physiology , Capillaries , Physiology , Models, Biological , Oxygen , Blood , Partial Pressure , Pulmonary Alveoli , Pulmonary Circulation , Physiology , Pulmonary Gas ExchangeABSTRACT
The lungs are naturally irregular and asymmetrical organ in anatomy. The conducting bronchial trees in the lungs display complex self-similar structure. We have established the host mesh coordinates of the right lung on the basis of the anatomical data from the literature. A three-dimensional fractal model of the conducting airways was set up by calculating the coordinates of the mass centers of the divided blocks, searching the branch direction and determining branch lengths with the use of the drawing tool OpenGL. Specific data of the lengths at various grades, branching angles, and capillary diameters were obtained. As a result, the computed data were identical with those of the existing statistical data. The fractal covering dimensionality obtained in the computation of this model was 2.19, which is very close to the ideal dimensionality, 2.17, from the literature. The present model has laid the foundation for further research of the gas diffusion and transfer performance in the lungs using the fractal concept, and furthermore, it helps to save the computer memories and fastening the graphic transfer.
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Humans , Algorithms , Bronchi , Computer Simulation , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Models, AnatomicABSTRACT
The convective-diffusive problems of oxygen and carbon dioxide in human airway at normal respiratory status were studied theoretically in the present paper. The human airway was idealized as a bifurcated(two-branch) trachea tree, based on the understanding of the physiological structure of the human airway, and on Horsfield-Wanner optimization analysis about the trachea system status. It was assumed that the gases in the airway were incompressible, viscous fluid, due mainly to the characteristics of the low pressure drop and low rate of the gases within the human airway. One dimensional, non-steady convective-diffusive equations of oxygen and carbon dioxide were solved using Lax-Wendroff finite difference method, i.e., the so called three-legged finite difference method. The boundary conditions were set up according to the two different situations, respectively. The computational results showed the reasonable distributions of the concentration of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the human airway, respectively.