Genetic modification of acetogens and optimization of fermentation process in C1-gas bioconversion / 生物工程学报

The current linear economy model relies on fossil energy and increases CO2 emissions, which contributes to global warming and environmental pollution. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop and deploy technologies for carbon capture and utilization to establish a circular economy. The use of acetogens for C1-gas (CO and CO2) conversion is a promising technology due to high metabolic flexibility, product selectivity, and diversity of the products including chemicals and fuels. This review focuses on the physiological and metabolic mechanisms, genetic and metabolic engineering modifications, fermentation process optimization, and carbon atom economy in the process of C1-gas conversion by acetogens, with the aim to facilitate the industrial scale-up and carbon negative production through acetogen gas fermentation.

Effect of Shenqi Dihuang decoction combined with enema of traditional Chinese medicine on renal anemia / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effect of Shenqi Dihuang decoction combined with enema of traditional Chinese medicine on renal anemia and its influence on hemoglobin, red blood cell (RBC) count and hematocrit.Methods:Sixty patients with renal anemia admitted to the General Hospital of Medical Community, Keqiao District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shaoxing from September 2017 to July 2019 were randomly divided into observation group (30 cases) and control group (30 cases) by random number table. The control group was treated with erythropoietin on the basis of routine treatment, and the observation group was treated with Shenqi Dihuang decoction and traditional Chinese medicine enema on the basis of the control group. The course of treatment in both groups was 8 weeks. The therapeutic effect, hemoglobin, RBC count, hematocrit, renal function and side effects were compared after treatment.Results:After treatment for 8 weeks, the total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group[93.33%(28/30) vs. 70.00%(21/30)], and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 = 5.455, P < 0.05). The levels of hemoglobin, RBC count and hematocrit in observation group after treatment were higher than those in the control group [(108.74 ± 3.52) g/L vs. (97.42 ± 7.12) g/L, (3.31 ± 0.54) × 10 12/L vs. (2.79 ± 0.32) × 10 12/L,0.3302 ± 0.0354 vs. 0.2930 ± 0.0235], and the differences were statistically significant ( t = 7.806, 4.538, 4.795, P < 0.05). The levels of serum creatinine and urea nitrogen in observation group after treatment were lower than those in the control group [(564.21 ± 29.31) μmol/L vs. (628.19 ± 18.39) μmol/L, (15.47 ± 3.16) mmol/L vs.(20.38 ± 2.15) mmol/L], the level of the endogenous creatinine clearance rate in observation group after treatment was higher than that in the control group[(29.83 ± 2.76) ml/min vs.(24.31 ± 3.27) ml/min], and the differences were statistically significant ( t = 10.128, 7.066, 7.036, P < 0.05). The incidence of side effects in the observation group was lower than that in the control group [10.00%(3/30) vs. 33.33%(10/30)], and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 = 4.812, P < 0.05). Conclusions:Shenqi Dihuang decoction combined with traditional Chinese medicine enema is effective in the treatment of renal anemia, which can improve the level of hemoglobin, RBC count and hematocrit, improve renal function, and have fewer side effects.

The effects of plasma treatment on the wettability and adhesion properties of the surface of aged denture base resin / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of plasma treatment on the surface element,wettability and adhesion properties of aged denture base resin.Methods:42 pieces of 10 mm × 10 mm × 1 mm and 100 cubes of 8 mm × 10 mm × 30 mm polymethyl methacrylate specimens were prepared and thermocycled at 5-55 ℃ for 5 000 cycles.40 pieces were used for surface contact angle measurement and 2 for X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis.The 100 cubes were randomly divided into 5 groups:Control(A) and 4 experimental groups in which the samples were exposed to plasma for 1 min (B),2 min (C),3 min (D) and 4 min (E) (n =20) respectively.After plasma treatment,silicone-based soft liner (3 mm) was packed against 2 resin cubes.Thus,50 tensile test specimens were obtained(n =10),and the tensile bond strength was tested by a universal testing machine.Results:The contact angle (°) of group A,B,C,D,E was 63.60 ± 10.81,46.79 ± 5.08,44.13 ± 4.17,40.11 ± 6.01 and 41.03 ± 8.61 respectively (A vs B,C,D or E,P ＜ 0.05).After plasma treatment,the contents of O =C-O and C-O in the samples were increased from 14.17％ and 20.58％ to 18.32％ and 29.32％,respectively.The tensile bond strength(MPa) of group A,B,C,D and E was 0.884 ±0.130,1.281 ±0.086,1.419 ±0.103,1.871 ± 0.248 and 1.904 ± 0.223 respectively (A vs B,C,D or E,P ＜ 0.05;B or C vs D or E,P ＜ 0.05;B vs C,P ＞ 0.05;D vs E,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion:Plasma treatment can improve the wettability and adhesion properties of aged denture base resin.

Quick identification of sun-dried and sulfur-fumigated angelicae sinensis radix by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a quick identification method for the sun-dried and sulfur-fumigated Angelicae Sinensis Radix used by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) combined with second derivative infrared spectroscopy.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The alcoholic and aqueous extracts of sun-dried and sulfur-fumigated Angelicae Sinensis Radix were analyzed by using FTIR, the further analysis was used by second derivative infrared spectroscopy.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>There existed differences between their infrared spectra either extracted by ethanol or water, while the distinctions were more obvious after analyzing their alcoholic and aqueous extracts through high resolution of second derivative infrared spectroscopy. Infrared spectra showed that the absorption peaks of Angelicae Sinensis Radix were significantly reduced and a new absorption peak appeared after sulfur-fumigated process in alcoholic extracts, while both of them changed markedly in the "fingerprint region" ranging from 1 000 to 400 cm(-1) in aqueous extracts. Second derivative spectra showed that the absorption peaks of sulfur-fumigated Angelicae Sinensis Radix extracted by ethanol weakened and disappeared at about 3 578 cm(-1) and 3 541 cm(-1), while both of them differed significantly from each other ranging from 1 400 to 1 200 cm(-1) as well as 800 cm(-1) to 600 cm(-1), difference also existed between them extracted by water ranging from about 3 900 to 3 850 cm(-1) and 3 800 to 3 750 cm(-1).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The FTIS method combined with second derivative can be utilized to distinguish sun-dried and sulfur-fumigated Angelicae Sinensis Radix efficiently, conveniently and accurately, and provide a basis for identification and quality control of Angelicae Sinensis Radix.</p>

Analysis of harmful heavy metals, sulfur and main trace elements from Paeoniae Radix Alba before and after sulfur-fumigated process by ICP-AES method / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the contents of harmful heavy metals, sulfur and trace elements from Paeoniae Radix Alba before and after sulfur-fumigated process.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Samples were pretreated by wet digestion and then subjected to elements analysis by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The contents of Cu and S elements were increased, while the content of Zn element was decreased in Paeoniae Radix Alba after sulfur-fumigated process compared with the samples dried in the sun. Moreover, heavy metallic elements, such as As and Hg, were detected in Paeoniae Radix Alba after sulfur-fumigated process.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Sulfur fumigated process may cause residual of heavy metals and sulfur which are harmful to human body and change the contents of some trace elements.</p>

Investigate of three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound used in placental perfusion assessment in pre-eclampsia pregnancies / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective To investigate the placenta perfusion in pre-eclampsia by three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound and analysing the clinical outcome. Method 80 cases of normal and pre-eclampsia pregnant women from July 2007 to May 2008 in Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital were studied. The control group of 36 cases, pre-eclampsia were divided into three groups: a total of 44 cases, mild pre-eclampsia group (9 cases), severe pre-eclampsia group (26 cases) and chronic hypertension with pre-eclampsia group (9 cases). The placental vascular index (VI), flow index (FI), blood vessels and blood flow index (VFI) by three-dimensional Doppler histogram and the umbilical blood flow systolic to diastolic (S/D) by color Doppler flow imaging were calculated and the gestational age after delivery, birth weight, placental weight after birth were recorded respectively. Results (1)VI、 FI、 VFI and umbilical blood flow S/D value :6.3±2.9, 38.6±4.4, 2.7±1.3, 2.5±0.6 in normal group ;5.7±3.8, 36.3±7.2, 2.4±2.0, 2.4±0.3 in mild pre-eclampsia group;3.0±2.4, 31.7±5.0, 1.1±1.0, 2.9±1.3 in severe pre-eclampsia group ;2.2±1.6, 26.1±4.4, 0.8±0.6, 3.1±1.6 in chronic hypertension with pre-eclampsia group. Placenta of normal group and mild preeclampsia group VI, FI, VFI were no significant difference (P>0.05), placental VI, FI, VFI of severe preeclampsia group and chronic hypertension with severe pre-eclampsia group were significantly lower than the normal group (P<0.01) and than mild pre-eclampsia group (P<0.05). The umbilical blood flows were not obvious difference among four groups (P>0.05) ; (2) Gestationul age after birth, birth weight, low newborn weight rate and placental weight:(38.7±1.5 ) weeks, (3280±520) g, 3%, (568±141) g in normal group; (37.9±1.0) weeks, (2971±265) g, 0,(576±98) g in mild pre-eclampsia group; (33.2±2.6) weeks, (1820±737) g,58%, (458±154) g in severe pre-eclampsia group; (32.6±2.6) weeks, (1497±533) g, 7/9, (396±141) g in chronic hypertension with pre-eclampsia group. The normal group and mild pre-eclampsia group in gestationul age after birth, birth weight, low newborn weight rate and placental weight were not significant difference (P>0.05); severe pre-eelampsia and chronic hypertension with severe pre-eclampsia group in them were significantly lower than the normal group (P<0.01) and than mild pre-eclampsia group (P<0.05).Conclusions (1) Placental blood flow perfusion of the severe pre-eclampsia and pre-eclampsia with chronic hypertension of pregnancy decreased resulting in clinically lower placental weight, birth weight and gestational age at delivery, but there were no obvious differences in umbilical blood flow S/D values. (2) The investigation was helpful to clinical diagnosis in the placenta perfusion of pre-eclampsia by three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound.

Effects of oxidative stress and podocyte injury in renal injury of hyperthyroidism rats / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate effects of oxidative stress, expression change of transforming growth factor-β1 and Nestin in re-nal injury of hyperthyroidism rats. Methods The model of hyperthyroidism rat was made by giving them levothyroxine (L-T4). The activity of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and the level of MDA on the 25th day, the 45th day, and the 60th day were determined by chromatometry in renal cor-tex.. The expressions of TGF-β1 and Nestin on the 25th day, the 45th day, and the 60th day were determined by immunohistochemistry. Results Along with the course of hyperthyroidism, it showed activity of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and the expression of Nestin reduced, while the level of MDA and the expression of TGF-β1 increased. Conclusion Oxidative stress can increas the expression of TGF-β1 and podocyte in-jury may played an important role in hyperthyroidism renal injury.