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Objective@#To compare the accuracies of quantitative computed tomography (CT) parameters and semiquantitative visualscore in evaluating clinical classification of severity of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). @*Materials and Methods@#We retrospectively enrolled 187 patients with COVID-19 treated at Tongji Hospital of Tongji MedicalCollege from February 15, 2020, to February 29, 2020. Demographic data, imaging characteristics, and clinical data werecollected, and based on the clinical classification of severity, patients were divided into groups 1 (mild) and 2 (severe/critical). A semiquantitative visual score was used to estimate the lesion extent. A three-dimensional slicer was used toprecisely quantify the volume and CT value of the lung and lesions. Correlation coefficients of the quantitative CT parameters,semiquantitative visual score, and clinical classification were calculated using Spearman’s correlation. A receiver operatingcharacteristic curve was used to compare the accuracies of quantitative and semi-quantitative methods. @*Results@#There were 59 patients in group 1 and 128 patients in group 2. The mean age and sex distribution of the two groupswere not significantly different. The lesions were primarily located in the subpleural area. Compared to group 1, group 2 hadlarger values for all volume-dependent parameters (p < 0.001). The percentage of lesions had the strongest correlation withdisease severity with a correlation coefficient of 0.495. In comparison, the correlation coefficient of semiquantitative scorewas 0.349. To classify the severity of COVID-19, area under the curve of the percentage of lesions was the highest (0.807;95% confidence interval, 0.744–0.861: p < 0.001) and that of the quantitative CT parameters was significantly higher thanthat of the semiquantitative visual score (p = 0.001). @*Conclusion@#The classification accuracy of quantitative CT parameters was significantly superior to that of semiquantitativevisual score in terms of evaluating the severity of COVID-19.
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Objective To observe the pathological changes of heart failure caused by transverse aortic constriction in rats.Methods Partial thoracotomy was performed to the second rib and the transverse aortic constriction was performed between the innominate and left carotid arteries to establish a model of heart failure in 24 rats.The same operation was performed on another 8 rats, except for the ligation of the transverse aorta.Echocardiographic assessment, hemodynamic measurement, myocardial histopathological examination and NT-proBNP measurement were performed to the sham group at 12 weeks and model group at 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks after the operation.Result At 4 weeks after the operation, NT-proBNP, EF, FS and -dp/dtmax of the model group was significantly increased and LVESV, +dp/dtmax of the model group were significantly decreased (P<0.05).At 8 weeks after the operation, EF and-dp/dtmax of the model group were increased and +dp/dtmax of the model group was significantly decreased (P<0.05).At 12 weeks after the operation, NT-proBNP, EF and +dp/dtmax of the model group were decreased, and LVESV, LVEDV and -dp/dtmax of the model group were increased (P<0.05).The cardiomyocytes became hypertrophic and lined up in disorder at 4 weeks after the operation.Pathologic examination of the myocardial tissue showed connective tissue proliferation and inflammatory cell infiltration at 8 weeks after the operation, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis and collagen fiber deposition at 12 weeks after the operation.Conclusions Transverse aortic constriction induces heart failure in rats.The pathological processes are compensatory hypertrophy at 4 weeks after the operation, initial reaction of decompensation at 8 weeks after the operation, and heart failure at 12 weeks after the operation.
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BACKGROUND:Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury has been shown to exhibit gender difference, but its precise mechanisms deserve further investigations. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the differential expression of microRNAs in the kidney between female and male mice in order to study the effects and mechanisms of microRNA in pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion injury between different genders. METHODS:Male and female mice received kidney ischemia for 45 minutes and reperfusion injury for 24 hours. Simultaneously, male and female sham surgery groups served as controls. The microRNA gene chip technology was used to detect the differences of microRNA expression in the kidney of male and female mice at 45 minutes after ischemia and 24 hours of reperfusion as wel as after sham surgery. The threshold of difference in expression among samples was double. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Five microRNAs were up-regulated between female and male ischemia-reperfusion injury groups. Twenty-nine microRNAs differential y expressed in the female ischemia-reperfusion group and female sham surgery group, including 25 up-regulated microRNAs and 4 down-regulated microRNAs. Thirty-eight microRNAs differential y expressed in male ischemia-reperfusion injury group and male sham surgery group, including 9 up-regulated microRNAs and 29 down-regulated microRNAs. 102 microRNAs differential y expressed in the female sham surgery group and male sham surgery group, including 22 up-regulated microRNAs and 80 down-regulated microRNAs. Results suggested that there was differential expression in microRNAs in the kidney before and after renal ischemia-reperfusion in male and female mice. These differential y expressed microRNAs may be lead to different sensitivity and tolerance to the ischemia-reperfusion injury in the kidney of male and female mice.
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Objective To compare the effects of forming atherosclerosis by conducting ballon injury operation after 1th, 2th and 3th week of Vitamin D3(VD3) i.p., exploring the best method for atherosclerosis modeling .Methods 36 male rats were selected for balloon-injured carotid artery .SD rats were divided into 4 groups randomly:control group ( n=6), Model group1 (n=10), Model group2(n=10), Model group3 (n=10).Control group were fed up with common diet.Model groups were fed up with high-fat diet and injected 4.0 ×105 IU/kg VD3 through enterocoelia in the beginning , followed by the balloon-injured left carotid artery operation after 1th, 2th and 3th week respectively and 1.0 ×105 IU/kg VD3injection at 0th, 2th week after operation.The rats were killed at 4th week after operation.The serum levels of TG, TC, HDL-C and LDL-C were checked .ELISA was used to detect the content of hsCRP , IL-6 and TNFα.HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes in the thoracic aorta , and the thoracic aorta thickness , plaque area ( PA) , cross-sectional area of vessel ( CVA) and the ratio of PA to CVA ( PA/CVA) were analyzed .Results After 4 weeks of operation , levels of TC and LDL-C were significantly increased in Model group 2 and 3 compared with that of the control group ( P<0.05).Furthermore, contents of hsCRP, IL-6 and TNFαof model groups were also seriously higher than that of the control group (P<0.05), and that of Model group 3 were the highest.Typical AS plagues were observed in different degrees in model groups, and thoracic aorta thickness and PA/CVA were obviously increased than that of control group (P<0.05). Model group 3 turned out masses of lipid foam cells accumulated , and PA, CVA and PA/CVA were significantly increased than that of Model group2 or 3.Conclusion The AS model can be established successfully in rats with ballon injury after 3 weeks of high-fat diet plus VD3 i.p., which is the ideal method to induced atherosclerosis model .
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Objective:To have a history of perinatal asphyxia newborns, 72h expert cranial ultrasound examination, observe the structure and hemodynamic changes in brain tissue, discusses the children early common type of brain injury and ultrasound findings. Methods:Children born in the first ultrasound examination in 72h, the anterior temporal skull detect cerebral artery, middle cerebral artery blood flow dynamics, the main parameters: the peak systolic blood flow velocity(Vs), end-diastolic velocity(Vd), resistance index(RI). Results: Seventy cases in 90 cases of brain injury, to different extent in the positive rate of 77.8%.Conclusion: Cerebral ultrasound can early detect brain tissue structure change and hemodynamic changes, ultrasonic has the advantages of bedside examination.
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BACKGROUND:Stem celltherapy for renal ischemia-reperfusion injury has been the hot topics for many scholars. Its mechanism is very complex, which could not be explained by simple mechanism of stem cells differentiation. It is the result involving a variety of mechanisms. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the influence on immune cells during the bone marrow mesenchymal stem celltherapy for renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, then to preliminary summarize the immune regulation mechanism of bone marrow mesenchymal stem celltherapy for renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS:First, we established a model of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats and, cultured and purified rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. Then, the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were transplanted into the rat models. Using flow cytometry detection technology, we analyzed the proportion of CD4+CD25+regulatory T cells of rat spleen cells, discussed the effects on immune cells during the bone marrow mesenchymal stem celltherapy for renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, and then transferred the rat’s spleen cells to the nude mice which were subjected to renal renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Renal function and renal histological changes of nude mice were assessed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The bone marrow mesenchymal stem celltransplantation could significantly inhibit the decrease of CD4+CD25+regulatory T cellof spleen cells in rats with renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. The transplantation of spleen cells from the above-mentioned rats to nude mice could obviously protect nude mice from renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, characterized by lower serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and renal tubule pathologic damage score. Therefore, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have protective effects on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating the immune system.
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Objective To observe the incidence of orthostatic hypotension and hypertension in the elderly hypertensive inpatients and investigate the effect of antihypertensive medication on the orthostatic blood pressure changes in the elderly hypertensive inpatients.Methods A total of 185 aged hypertensive inpatients was divided into elderly group(n =126,60～79 years old) and very elderly group(n =59,≥80 years old) according to the age.The orthostatic blood pressure was measured in supine position and after standing.Subjects were divided into 3 subgroups:orthostatic hypotension (OH),orthostatic hypertension (OHT),and orthostatic normotension (ONT) groups according to the standing blood pressure levels.Clinical characteristics of each subgroup were evaluated and analyzed according to the antihypertensive medication.Results Among 185 patients,the OH incidence was 31 (16.76％) cases,the OHT incidence was 23 (12.43 ％) cases,and the ONT incidence was 131 (70.81％) cases.There were 16 (12.70％) patients with OH and 10(7.90％) patients with OHT in elderly group,but 15 (25.42％) patients with OH and 13 (22.03％) patients with ONT in very elderly group.The prevalence of OH and OHT in each elderly group was both higher than elderly group (P ＜ 0.05).Antihypertensive medications such as Calcium channel blockers,angiotensin Ⅱ receptor-blockers,Beta-blockers,diuretics,and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors were not significantly different among three subgroups.Conclusions OH and OHT were common in the elderly hypertensive inpatients,especially in the very elderly people.The five-class antihypertensive medication that doctors commonly used at present might be not related to the orthostatic hypotension and hypertension.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the distribution, changes and a possible role for retinal dopamine transporter (DAT) in experimental myopia in chickens.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two-day-old chickens were divided into four groups. Chicken eyes were fitted with lenses of -10D,-20D and translucent goggles unilaterally. Normal eyes were used as controls. After 3 wk, all chickens were given an intramuscular injection of (125)I-beta-CIT 2beta-carbomethoxy-3beta-(4-iodophenyl)tropane and sacrificed two hours post injection. Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and the neural retina were obtained together or RPE was dissected out from the neural retina. Radioactive DAT from each specimen was assayed by gamma-counter.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Retinal DAT was detected in RPE specimens rather than in the neural retina in all eyes. Radioactive DAT in myopic eyes was higher, compared with control eyes.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Retinal DAT is mainly located in the RPE and may be involved in the formation of lens induced myopia (LIM) and form deprivation myopia (FDM). These methods may provide a new approach for further studying the role of the dopamine system in experimental myopia.</p>
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Animals , Chickens , Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins , Eye , Membrane Glycoproteins , Membrane Transport Proteins , Physiology , Myopia , Metabolism , Nerve Tissue Proteins , Retina , ChemistryABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the genes differentially expressed in prostate cancer and to determine some prostate cancer associated genes for diagnosis and treatment prostate cancer. Methods cDNA microarray chips containing 4 366 human genes in full length were used to investigate the differential gene expression patterns of samples from human prostatie cancers and normal prostate tissues. Results A total of 287 genes differentially expressed with prostatie cancers and normal prostate were screened out,comprising 165 unknown genes and 122 known genes.Among the known genes we further identified 56 genes which were markedly differentially expressed (20 up-regulated and 36 down-regulated genes). Conclusions cDNA microarray chips for analysis of genes expression patterns is a powerful method for identification of novel prostatie cancer associated genes.
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Objective To evaluate the role of differentially expressed genes in human prostate carcinoma initiation and progression. Methods cDNA microarray chips which consist of a set of 4366 human genes were used to investigate the gene expression pattern of samples from human prostate cancer and normal prostate tissues. Results Of 4366 genes,287 genes differentially expressed in prostate carcinoma and normal prostate tissues were screened out,including 165 unknown genes and 122 known genes. Among the 122 known genes we further identified 20 up-regulated and 36 down-regulated genes. Conclusions Our results suggest that significantly differential expression of genes may be associated with the pathogenesis and progression of the prostate cancer.