ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To identify phytochemical constituents present in the extract of flowers of Xanthoceras sorbifolia and evaluate their anti-oxidant and anti-hyperglycemic capacities.@*METHODS@#The AlCl3 colorimetric method and Prussian Blue assay were used to determine the contents of total flavonoids and total phenolic acids in extraction layers, and the bioactive layers was screened through anti - oxidative activity in vitro. The Waters ACQUITY UPLC system and a Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column (2.0 mm × 150 mm, 5 μm) were used to identify the ingredients. And anti-oxidative ingredients were screened by off-line UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS-free radical scavenging. The ameliorative role of it was further evaluated in a high-fat, streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rat model and the study was carried out on NADPH oxidase (PDB ID: 2CDU) by molecular docking.@*RESULTS@#Combined with the results of activity screening in vitro, the anti - oxidative part was identified as the ethyl acetate layer. A total of 24 chemical constituents were identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in the ethyl acetate layer and 13 main anti-oxidative active constituents were preliminarily screened out through off-line UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS-free radical scavenging. In vivo experiments showed that flowers of X. sorbifolia could significantly reduce the blood glucose level of diabetic mice and alleviate liver cell damage. Based on the results of docking analysis related to the identified phytocompounds and oxidase which involved in type 2 diabetes, quercetin 3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside, and isoquercitrin showed a better inhibitory profile.@*CONCLUSION@#The ethyl acetate layer was rich in flavonoids and phenolic acids and had significant anti-oxidant activity, which could prevent hyperglycemia. This observed activity profile suggested X. sorbifolia flowers as a promising new source of tea to develop alternative natural anti-diabetic products with a high safety margin.
ABSTRACT
Objective To develop a core competence evaluation index system for preventive medicine undergraduates.Methods Following the scientific,systematic and applicable principles,we proposed evaluation index system of core competence for professional medical prevention and selected 35 experts for three rounds expert consultation on the index system by using Delphi method.The basic situation,the positive and authority degree of experts and all levels of index weight coefficient were analyzed using SPSS 13.0 software.Results The core competence evaluation index system for preventive medicine undergraduates included six dimensionalities,fifteen secondary indicators and forty-nine tertiary indicators.The six dimensionalities included professional value behavior (0.25),professional knowledge and skills (0.28),basic specialized knowledge (0.20),communication (0.13),information management (0.06) and systems thinking (0.08).Conclusion The establishment of the evaluation system can provide a scientific and objective reference for the evaluation of the core competence of medical students.
ABSTRACT
Objective To standardize the modeling and evaluation of type 2 diabetic gastric mucosal injury rat model of spleen deficiency. Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into normal group and model group, type 2 diabetic rat model with gastric mucosal injury was established by the injection of small-dose streptozotocin (STZ) combined with feeding of high fat and sugar forage and gastric gavage of 30% ethanol solution. After the modeling, we examined the levels of fasting blood glucose ( FBG) , fasting insulin ( FINS) , superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) in the rat serum, and gastric and pancreatic tissue pathology was evaluated after HE staining. Modern medical evaluation method was used for the statistics of information collected by four diagnostic methods of traditional Chinese medicine ( TCM) , and for the identification of properties and evolution of TCM syndromes. Results Type 2 diabetic gastric mucosal injury rat model had been established in 75% of the rats. And 10-16 weeks after the modeling, the model rats had the syndrome of spleen deficiency, showing as persistent emaciation, decreased grasping force, weak activities in open field test, pale tongue nature, decreased r value of the claw and tail, increased defecation frequency, softening of loose stool. Of all the model rats, 78% had the features of diabetes, one indicator of qi deficiency syndrome, and one or more specialized spleen-related indicators. Conclusion These results suggest that type 2 diabetic gastric mucosal injury rat model can be successfully induced by the injection of small -dose streptozotocin ( STZ) combined with feeding of high fat and sugar forage and gastric gavage of 30% ethanol solution, and the time window of spleen deficiency for type 2 diabetic gastric mucosal injury rat model is 10-16 weeks after the modeling.
ABSTRACT
Objective To survey the state of internet addiction of vocational college students and explore the effect of perceived social support and loneliness on Internet addiction.Methods In accordance with random cluster sampling,this research used the Revised Chen Internct Addition Scale,Perceived Social Support scale,and UCLA Loneliness Scale to study lnternet addiction among a total of 1 602 vocational college students from three higher vocational colleges in Guangzhou.Results [nternet addiction rate was 9.87％,and Internet dependence rate was 24.78％.Internet addiction had a higher incidence rate among male students than that among female students (x2=19.775,P＜0.01).The perceived social support group of vocational college students was low,which indicated serious loneliness based on the Loneliness Scale,and their scores on Internet addiction tendency were higher than those of other groups (P＜0.01).The total scores in Internet addiction tendency and perceived social support were negative (r=-0.183,P＜ 0.01),which indicates positive correlation with loneliness (r=0.243,P＜ 0.01).The mediating effect of perceived social support and Internet addiction on loneliness was significant,with a mediation rate of 69.63％.Conclusion Internet addiction tendency of vocational college students is a problem that deserves more attention.Low social support and loneliness can increase the incidence rate of internet addiction tendency.Loneliness is also found to be a strong predictor of internet addiction.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate celluar toxicity and antibacterial property of nano-silver coating modified denture base and to provide a theortical basis for clinical application.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The samples were divided into coating group and denture base group. Samples in coating groups were treated with silver ion sputtering and were further divided into the 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 s subgroups according to their sputtering time. Surface microstructure of samples in coating groups and denture base group were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and composition of material surface were determined with energy dispersive spectrum (EDS) analysis. Methyl thiazolyl terazolium (MTT) method was used to analysis L929 cells proliferation rate and cell toxicity grade while the coating groups (n = 6) and group test specimens (n = 6), negative control (polyethylene, PE) (n = 6) and positive control group (PVC-org.Sn) (n = 6) were co-cultured with L929 cells. The antibacterial properties of coating groups were investigated by using the bacterial membrane adhering method with Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>SEM observation showed that the surface of control group specimens were smooth, whereas dense and uniform distributed nano silver particles were visible on the surface of coating group specimens. The silver particles were round, and the diameter size was 10 nm. MTT assay showed that after being co-cultured with specimens in control group, L929 cell had higher proliferation rate than 100% at 24, 48, 72 h, and cytotoxicity were graded 0. The membrane adhering method results showed that all of bacterial colonies were found in control group, but without anything at the coating groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Deposition of nano silver on the denture base surface by ion sputtering method is a viable method. There's no cytotoxicity of series Ag-coating material. Nano-silver modified denture base material benefits L929 cell surface proliferation and has antibacterial action.</p>
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents , Pharmacology , Candida albicans , Dental Materials , Denture Bases , Materials Testing , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Nanoparticles , Silver , Pharmacology , Spectrometry, X-Ray EmissionABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the antitussive activity of three kinds of Stemonae Radix specified in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, including roots of Stemona sessilifolia, S. japonica and S. tuberosa.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The antitussive activity was determined in mouse after cough induction by ammonia aerosol stimulation and the number of cough in 2 min were detected with codeine as positive control.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>All the decoctions, the total alkaloid fractions and non-alkaloid fractions of S. sessilifolia, S. japonica and three chemical types of S. tuberosa showed significant antitussive effect and exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition of coughing. The ED50 values showed that the antitussive activity strength for both total alkaloid fractions and the decoctions are: S. tuberosa (Type I) > S. sessilifolia > S. japonica. The total alkaloid fractions had more potent atitussive activity than the decoctions and non-alkaloid fractions. The antitussive activity strength for the three chemical types of S. tuberosa is: Type I > Type III > Type II. The samples from different producing areas for the same species of Stemonae Radix had no significant differences in antitussive activity. The result also showed that the honey-processed slice had much stronger antitussive activity than raw slice.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The antitussive efficacies of Stemonae Radix were influenced by chemical diversity both in same species and among different species, different fractions and processed method.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Male , Mice , Antitussive Agents , Cough , Drug Therapy , Disease Models, Animal , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Mice, Inbred ICR , Stemonaceae , ChemistryABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of insulin-like factor-I(IGF-Ⅰ)on the proliferation activity of human periodontal ligamental fibroblasts(PDLF).Methods The PDLF transfected with IGF-Ⅰ and PDLF untransfected with IGF-Ⅰ prepared in our lab were digested by 0.25% trypsin and prepared into cell suspension.The two sorts of cells were counted after being vaccinated,then the growth curves of the two cells were mapped and the growth speeds were compared.The PDLF transfected with IGF-Ⅰ and PDLF untransfected with IGF-Ⅰ were digested by 0.25% trypsin and then cultivated.The proliferation activities of the PDLF transfected with IGF-Ⅰ and PDLF untransfected with IGF-Ⅰ were observed using MTT methods.The activity of alkaline phosphatase(ALP) was determined by using ALP kit.Results The growth curves of the two cells showed that the growth speed of the PDLF transfected with IGF-Ⅰ was significantly faster than that of the PDLF untransfected with IGF-Ⅰ(P
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of dexamethasone on proliferation of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts(hPDLF) cultivated in vitro,and search for optimal culture condition for hPDLF in vitro,and provide basis for further study on regeneration of periodontinum.Methods The hPDLF cultivated in vitro were divided into 5 groups and cultivated in 5 different culture media separately which all included 10% fetal bovine serium: ①control group(no DEX);②5 mg?L-1DEX;③10 mg?L-1 DEX;④20 mg?L-1 DEX;⑤50 mg?L-1 DEX.The proliferation of hPDLF was assyed by MTT method.The phase contrast microscope was used to observe the morphological changes of the cells.Results The PDLF appeared aggregation and cells on bottom of culture bottle showed squamae-shape after inoculated on plate with 24 hole for 3 d.There were more layers of smaller hPDLF with blunt prominency came forth after cultivated in DEX culture media.MTT method showed that DEX promoted the proliferation of hPDLF obviously compared with control group(P
ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the reversal effects of pulsed magnetic fields(PMF) on the drug resistant cell line K562/ADR in vitro and their mechanism.Methods: MTT assay was used to determine the IC50 of ADR on K562/S and K562/ ADR cell lines,the detriment of PMF on the K562/ADR cell line and the reversal effects of the drug resistance after treatment with different frequencies of PMF.Flow cytometry(FCM) was applied to the assessment of concentration of intracellular ADR.Results: The drug-resistance multiple of the K562/ADR cell line was 29.36.PMF did not affect the growth of the K562/ADR cell line.Different frequencies of PMF produced different effects on the IC50 of the K562/ADR cell line.In the same condition,70Hz PMF produced the most significant effect and increasea the concentration of intracellular ADR.Conclusion: PMF can reverse the multidrug resistance of K562/ADR by enhancing the drug concentration in K562/ADR cells,and its frequency is correlated with its reversal effect:low fregucncy produces better effect.
ABSTRACT
【Objective】To analyze the structure of N-linked glycans in salivary glycoproteins and amylase of chronic gastritis(CG)patients with spleen deficiency after stimulation of acid,and to explore the relationship of N-linked glycans structure with salivary amylase activity and splenic hypofunction.【Methods】Iodine-spectrophotometry was used to detect the amylase activity in 47 CG patients with spleen deficiency,15 CG patients with dampness-heat in the spleen and stomach,and 12 healthy volunteers before and after acid stimulation.Method of concanacalin A(ConA) affinity chromatography was used to separate total salivary glycoproteins and amylase and to analyze N-linked glycans structure in 27 CG patients with spleen deficiency,14 CG patients with dampnessheat in the spleen and stomach,and 5 healthy volunteers after acid stimulation.ConA affinity reversed-phase two-dimension chromatography was applied to separate total salivary glycoproteins and to analyze the constitute and distribution of total salivary glycoproteins with different N-linked glycans in 13 CG patients with spleen deficiency,6 CG patients with dampness-heat in the spleen and stomach,and 5 healthy volunteers after acid stimulation.【Results】After acid stimulation,salivary amylase activity in CG with spleen deficiency decreased as compared with that before acid stimulation(P
ABSTRACT
Objectives:To evaluate the effect of different teeth arrangement methods on the masticatory efficiency of complete dentures.Methods: Three complete dentures for each of ten edentulous patients were made respectively by using maxillary teeth arrangement,mandibular teeth arrangement and comprehensive teeth arrangement methods.After three months of wearing,the masticatory efficiency of the three complete dentures was tested by light absorption method,and was compared to that of dentulous subjects.Results:The masticatory stroke and masticatory efficiency in denture wearing group were fewer and weaker than those in dentulous group in either bilateral mastication or unilateral mastication. Good masticatory efficiency was gained after three months of wearing the complete dentures made by the three different teeth arrangement methods.There were no significant difference in the masticatory stroke and masticatory efficiency of complete dentures made by mandibular teeth arrangement and comprehensive teeth arrangement methods,but they were both higher than those made by maxillary teeth arrangement method.Conclusions:The complete dentures made by mandibular teeth arrangement method and comprehensive teeth arrangement method are feasible for restoration of masticatory efficiency of endentulous patients.
ABSTRACT
AIM: To study the difference in main chemical composition and content between Mahuangtang Herb Ephedrae;Radix et Rhizoma Gly Cyrrhizae;Ramulus Cinnamoni;Semen Armeniacea Amarum;dispensing granule and its standard decoction. METHODS: RP-HPLC was used to create fingerprinits with MeOH-0.01 mol/L KH_2PO_4(H_3PO_4 adjusted pH=3),a gradient eluting agent. RESULTS: 26 co-possessing peaks were indicated,the retention time and relative peak area were obtained. CONCLUSION: The difference between Mahuangtang dispensing granule and standard decoction is not obvious,the former is rational.
ABSTRACT
AIM: To study the difference in main chemical composition and content between(Radix et Rhizoma Rhei;Rhizoma Coptidis;Radix Scutellariae) dispensing granules and standard decoction. METHODS: 3D-HPLC was used with MeOH(A)、0.1%H_3PO_4-H_2O(include 0.02 mol/L KH_2PO_4,pH=3)(B) gradient elution,the fingerprint chromatogram of Xiexintang Dispensing Granules and standard decoction were set up. RESULTS: 30 peaks were indicated,the relative retention time and relative peak area were obtained. CONCLUSION: (The) difference between Xiexintang Dispensing Granules and standard decoction is obvious,the contents of the former are higher.