ABSTRACT
AIM:To investigate the protective effect of nerve growth factor combined with Ginkgo biloba extract on retinal ischemia-reperfusion (RIR) injury in rabbits with experimental high intraocular pressure.METHODS:Establishment of rabbit glaucoma ischemia reperfusion model.Twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups:nerve growth factor group, Ginkgo biloba extract group and combination group.Respectively, in the continuous administration of 1, 7, 14d.We observed the morphological changes of the tissues of the retina.The levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD), nitric oxide(NO) and malondialdehyde(MDA) in retinal tissue were measured.RESULTS:Respectively, first, in the continuous administration of 1, 7, 14d, the contents of MDA and NO in Ginkgo biloba extract group and nerve growth group were higher than that in combination group (P<0.05).Secondly, the SOD content of Ginkgo biloba extract group and nerve growth group were lower than that of combination group at each time point (P<0.05).At each time point, the number of HE staining of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) showed that the loss of RGCs in the combination group was significantly lower than that in the other groups, and the ganglion cell count showed that the Ginkgo biloba extract group and the neuronal growth group were lower (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Nerve growth factor combined with Ginkgo biloba extract has better protective effect on retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury.The mechanism may be related to the decrease of free radicals and increase the activity of SOD in retinal tissue.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>Objective</b>To investigate the expressions of substance P (SP) and neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) in the posterior horn of the L5－S2 spinal cord in the rat model of chronic nonbacterial prostatitis (CNP) at different time points of modeling.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty adult male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups of equal number, control, 45 d model, 60 d model, and 90 d model, and proteins were obtained from the prostatic tissue of another 30 rats. The CNP model was made by intraperitoneal injection of 0.5 ml DPT vaccineand intradermal injection of mixed solution of 1 ml prostatein extract and complete adjuvant at a 1∶1 ratio, while the control rats were injected with the same volume of normal saline. At 45, 60, and 90 days after modeling, we measured the paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) of the rats, determined the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, and IL-10 in the prostate tissue by ELISA, observed the histomorphological changes in the prostate by transmission electron and light microscopy, and detected the expressions of SP and NK1-R in the L5－S2 spinal cord by immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The model rats showed significantly increased sensitivity to pain, with remarkably lowered PWT at 45, 60, and 90 days after modeling. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, and IL-10 in the prostate tissue were markedly elevated in the CNP models as compared with those in the controls (all P<0.05), most significantly at 90 days (all P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry showed that the expressions of SP and NK-1R were remarkably higher in the CNP model groups than in the control (all P<0.05), the highest at 90 days. Light microscopy revealed no inflammatory cell infiltration in the prostate tissue of the control rats, and obvious edema and increased lymphocytes were observed with the prolonged time of modeling.Transmission electron microscopy showed inflammatory changes in the prostate tissue of the model rats and that peritubular interstitial edema was most obvious at 90 days, with widened intervals between peritubular cells and the epithelial base and increased numbers of fibroblasts and collagen fibrils.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The synthesis of SP and the level of NK-1R were increased in the posterior horn of the L5－S2 spinal cord in the rat model of CNP.</p>