ABSTRACT
Autism spectrum disorder can be differentiated into three subtypes (aloof, passive, and active-but-odd) based on social behaviors according to the Wing Subgroups Questionnaire (WSQ). However, the correlations between the scores on some individual items and the total score are poor. In the present study, we translated the WSQ into Chinese, modified it, validated it in autistic and typically-developing Chinese children, and renamed it the Beijing Autism Subtyping Questionnaire (BASQ). Our results demonstrated that the BASQ had improved validity and reliability, and differentiated autistic children into these three subtypes more precisely. We noted that the autistic symptoms tended to be severe in the aloof, moderate in the passive, and mild in the active-but-odd subtypes. The modified questionnaire may facilitate etiological studies and the selection of therapeutic regimes.
Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Autism Spectrum Disorder , Diagnosis , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Reproducibility of Results , Social Behavior , Surveys and Questionnaires , TranslatingABSTRACT
A series of incentive policies have been developed by many foreign governments to encourage pharmaceutical companies to develop orphan drugs that have a small market and high research risk. Taking the United States, the European Union and Japan as the representatives, this paper reviews the international management experiences and incentive policies on orphan drug research and development. Current research and development status of orphan drugs in China is also briefly introduced. Based on international experience, some suggestions are put forward on the development of orphan drug research policy in China, in hope of providing references for promoting the establishment of orphan drug incentive policies in our country.