DNA barcoding of 4 species of cheyletid mites based on COI and 18S rRNA gene sequences / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To analyze the sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I gene (COI) and 18S ribosomal RNA gene (18S rRNA), so as to identify the feasible DNA barcodes for 4 species of cheyletid mites and improve the DNA barcoding database for cheyletid mites. Methods Cheyletid mite samples were collected from small-scale flour mills in Fuyang, Wuhu and Tongling cities of Anhui Province from May 2018 to July 2019, extracted and morphologically identified. Then, genomic DNA was extracted from a single cheyletid mite, and the COI and 18S rRNA gene sequences were obtained by PCR amplification, cloning and sequencing. The obtained sequences were aligned using the BLAST software. Multiple sequence alignment was done using the software ClustalX version 1.83 using the known gene sequences from cheyletid mites. The genetic distance was calculated using the software MEGA X, and the phylogenetic tree was created using the maximum likelihood method. Results The DNA barcoding results of Cheyletus malaccensis, C. carnifex and Cheletomorpha lepidopterorum were consistent with the morphological identification, while no sequences pertaining to Eucheyletia reticulate were retrieved in the GenBank database. The proportions of A + T were 69.6% and 55.1% in the COI and 18S rRNA sequences of 4 cheyletid mites species, respectively, and the numbers of base substitutions were 137 and 46, respectively. There were 154 to 321 and 58 to 99 inter-species variation loci in the COI and 18S rRNA gene sequences of 4 cheyletid mites species, respectively, and the intra-species genetic distance was all 0.020 or less in the COI and 18S rRNA gene sequences of 4 cheyletid mites species, with inter-species genetic distance of 0.235 to 0.583 and 0.078 to 0.114, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on COI and 18S rRNA genes showed that all four species of cheyletid mites were clustered into a branch with a 100% supportive rate, which was consistent with the morphological identification. Conclusion Mitochondrial COI gene is superior to 18S rRNA gene as DNA barcodes for 4 species of cheyletid mites, which is more suitable to be used to investigate the phylogenetic relationship of at genus and species levels.

Mechanism study of the transmission of moxibustion heat in human acupoint tissues / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective:To discuss the topical action characteristics of the biological transmission of moxibustion heat via temperature collection and numerical modeling.Methods:Temperature of moxibustion was measured at multiple points at a distance of 3 cm to obtain the moxibustion temperature field nephograms by the high-accuracy temperature measure array.Finite element analysis was used to imitate the three-dimensional dynamic distribution of temperature in acupoint tissues.Results:Through numerical analysis,the one-dimensional,two-dimensional and three-dimensional distributions of temperature in human acupoint tissues at 5 min of moxibustion were established.The result showed that moxibustion heat mainly transmitted from the surface of the tissue to the internal,and the influence of moxibustion heat decreased with the depth of the tissue.The analysis of the nephograms of acupoint tissue temperature at 5,10,15 and 20 min of moxibustion showed that with the increase of the moxibustion time,the temperature in acupoint tissues constantly rose,and the transmission depth of moxibustion heat also further expanded inside acupoint.Conclusion:By establishing the three-dimensional dynamic model of heat transmission inside acupoint tissues with the biological parameters of human tissues and the temperature values obtained,this study used finite element analysis software ANSYS 14.0 and discovered the rules in the transmission of heat in body tissues during moxibustion,and the features in moxibustion heat transmission (from the proximal to the distant) and heat penetration (from the surface to the internal).This study provides theoretical and experimental support for the application of moxibustion in clinical practice.

Effect of Huxin Formula on reverse cholesterol transport in ApoE-gene knockout mice / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of Huxin Formula on expressions of the chief reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) associated genes, caveolin-1 and scavenger receptor-BI (SR-BI) in ApoE-gene knockout [ApoE (-/-)] mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty ApoE (-/-) mice of 4-6 weeks old were randomly divided into three groups (A-C). After being fed with high-fat diet for 16 weeks, they were treated with HXF (1 mL/100 g), pravachol (0.3 mg/100 g), and saline in equal volume respectively for 16 weeks successively; in addition, a blank group was set up with 10 C57BL/6J mice of 6-week old received 16-week high-fat feeding and saline treatment. Animals were sacrificed at the termination of the experiment, their paraffin sections of aortic tissue were used to measure the size of plaque, expressions of cavolin-1 and SR-BI were detected by immunological histochemical method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>As compared with the blank group, levels of caveolin-1 and SR-BI were increased in Groups A and B (P<0.01); but the increase in Group A was more significant than that in Group B (P<0.05). The plaque/aorta area ratio decreased significantly in Groups A and B, but showed insignificant difference between the two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HXF could obviously increase the expressions of RCT associated genes, caveolin-1 and SR-BI, promote the RCT process, so as to reduce the formation of aorta atherosclerotic plaque in ApoE (-/-) mice.</p>

Trial study on DENG Tie-tao's coronary heart disease capsules in improving patients' quality of life / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the efficacy of the Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) Capsules worked out by Prof. Deng --in improving quality of life of CHD patients of qi deficiency with phlegm and blood stasis syndrome.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>According to the WHO's diagnosis criteria of CHD, a total of 93 stable angina patients were divided into 3 groups using the single blinded method. The groups were evenly distributed into CHD Capsule treated group (CHDC), isosorbide dinitrate control group (ID), and Compound Prescription Danshen Droplet Pills control group (CPDDP). Two courses of treatment lasting for 6 months were given. During the courses of treatment, the following parameters were observed: clinical symptoms of angina pectoris, ECG change, treadmill exercise test, 36 items in short form of health survey (SF-36) and Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) scale.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 6 months of treatment, all the three groups showed good curative effect in angina pectoris, ECG and treadmill exercise test, differences between them had no statistical significance. The CHDC group showed a better result in nitro-glycerine stopping or alleviation rate and in improving symptoms than the other groups (P < 0.05). The general health, vitality, role-emotional, mental health and reported health transition in the CHDC group were significantly better than those in the control groups (P < 0.05). The scores in physiological functioning role, physiological function and pain alleviation were not different among the three groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Prof. DENG Tie-tao's CHDC is effective in treating CHD with qi deficiency, phlegm and blood stasis and also in improving the quality of life. CHDC is more suitable to be used in long-term treatment than isosorbide dinitrate. The SF-36 and SAQ can be used to appraise the curative effect of traditional Chinese medicine agents for CHD angina pectoris.</p>