Study on monitoring and early warning index system for schistosomiasis in Poyang Lake eco-economic region / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To establish a scientific, operational monitoring and early warning index system for schistosomiasis, so as to provide scientific evidence for promoting the scientification and standardization of early warning system in Poyang Lake Eco-economic Region. Methods Two rounds of Delphi experts’ interviews were applied to construct Index system. The weight value of each indicator was determined by the Analytic Hierarchy process and improvable proportionate allocation method. Reliability, validity of index system and the rationality of index weight distribution can be evaluated in site investigation. Results The Index system included 3 first-order indicators, 9 second-order indicators, and 35 third-order indicators. The 3 first-order indicators were endemic status, environmental and social factors, control measures, with the weight value of 0.531 0, 0.101 5 and 0.367 5, respectively. For the 9 second-order indicators, the highest weight value was for Infection status of human and livestock (0.179 5)and the lowest for social factors(0.050 6). During site investigation, the Cronbach’s alpha and spit half reliability of the total index system and three first-order indicators were all over 0.90, the Kendall W coefficient for the data collected in site investigation and Delphi consultation was 0.742 (P=0.018). Conclusions The Monitoring and Early Warning Index System for Schistosomiasis is suitable for the infection status of Poyang Lake Eco-economic region. The reliability and validity of index system are satisfactory, and the indicator weight distribution is rational.

Combination of phage display and SEREX for screening early lung cancer associated antigens / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To screen out effective lung cancer associated antigens for early diagnosis in order to improve the level of early diagnosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A T7 phage display cDNA library of human early lung cancer was developed. And then differential phage clones were picked out to be sequenced and bioinformatically analyzed. With the 8 screened differential phage clones a lung cancer associated antigen microarray was established to evaluate the single or combined roles of all the selected antigens in the diagnosis of lung cancer by the reaction of the antigens plus serum from normal subjects and patients with lung cancer, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The titer of the constructed cDNA library was 3.71×10 (6); pfu/ml and the number of phage was 1.11×10 (6); pfu, with a recombination rate of cDNA library over 90%. Nine differential phage clones were initially screened out, but the genes of two antigens (A42 and A83) were found the same. Bioinformatics analyses showed that the genes of the 8 antigens were known before and they were all proven to be related with tumor except A64. The positive reaction rates of the 8 antigens with serum from lung cancer patients were significantly higher than that with serum from normal subjects (Ps<0.05). When keeping specificity no less than 60%, the sensitivity of each antigen in predicting lung cancer alone was under 70% and the areas under curve (AUC) of the antigens were all under 0.8. However, when all the antigens were combined to detect lung cancer, the sensitivity and specificity was 90.8% and 94.1%, respectively, and AUC reached up to 0.969.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A T7 phage display cDNA library with a good quality of capacity, recombination rate and representativeness of human early lung cancer was successfully developed, and 8 lung cancer associated antigens were screened out. A combination of the 8 antigens can greatly improve their value to diagnose lung cancer with a higher sensitivity and specificity (both above 90%)．</p>

Anti-angiogenesis effect of generation 4 polyamidoamine/vascular endothelial growth factor antisense oligodeoxynucleotide on breast cancer in vitro / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of the generation 4 polyamidoamine/vascular endothelial growth factor antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (G4PAMAM/VEGFASODN) compound on the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its mRNA of breast cancer cells and on the inhibition of vascular endothelial cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We examined the morphology of G4PAMAM/VEGFASODN compound and its pH stability, in vitro transfection efficiency and toxicity, and the expressions of VEGF and its mRNA. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay was used to detect the inhibitory function of the compound on vascular endothelial cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The compound was about 10 nm in diameter and was homogeneously netlike. From pH 5 to 10, it showed quite a buffered ability. The 48-h transfection rate in the charge ratio of 1:40 was 98.76%, significantly higher than that of the liposome group (P<0.05). None of the transfection products showed obvious toxicity on the cells. The expressions of both VEGF protein and its mRNA after G4PAMAM/VEGFASODN transfection decreased markedly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>With a low toxicity, high safety, and high transfection rate, G4PAMAM/VEGFASODN could be a promising gene vector. Specifically, it inhibits VEGF gene expression efficiently, laying a basis for further in vivo animal studies.</p>

Anti-angiogenesis effect of G4PAMAM/VEGFASODN on breast cancer in vitro / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of G4PAMAM/VEGFASODN compound on expression of VEGF and VEGF mRNA in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and the growth inhibition of vascular endothelial cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The diameter of G4PAMAM/VEGFASODN granule was measured by transmission electron microscopy, and its stability under different pH was also observed. The efficiency of transfection in vitro was detected by flow cytometer and the positively transfected cells were detected by laser scanning confocal microscope. The survival rate and the inhibitory rate of vascular endothelial cells were determined by MTT assay. The expression of protein VEGF was detected by immunohistochemical method and the expression of VEGF mRNA was detected by RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The diameter of G4PAMAM/VEGFASODN granules was about 10 nm and it arranged as homogeneous netlike. Under pH 5-10 G4PAMAM/VEGFASODN presented highly stable and no dissociation was observed with different charge ratios. The 48-hour transfection rate of G4PAMAM/VEGFASODN in charge ratio of 1:40 was significantly higher than that of the lipofectamine group. None of the transfection products in each group showed cell toxicity. The staining of VEGF protein in the cytoplasm of MDA-MB-231 cells after G4PAMAM/ASODN transfection weakened markedly, and the positive expression rate decreased. Meanwhile, the VEGF mRNA expression was also decreased.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>With good stability and transfection rate, compound G4PAMAM/VEGFASODN can be a promising new nanometer vector of gene transfer system. The G4PAMAM/VEGFASODN can inhibit the expression of VEGF gene specifically and efficiently, which may be used for in vivo animal experiment.</p>

Expression of ER alpha and SMRT in apoptosis of breast cancer cells induced by tamoxifen / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the expression of ER alpha and SMRT in ER alpha-positive and -negative cell lines before and after treatment with tamoxifen (TAM).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Breast cancer T47D cells (ER alpha-positive) and MDA-MB-231 cells (ER alpha-negative) were treated with TAM, cell viability was measured by MMT assay before and after TAM treatment. Flow cytometry (FCM) was applied to analyze apoptosis rate and cell cycle. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to test ER alpha and SMRT expression in T-47D and MDA-MB-231 cells with and without TAM treatment.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Proliferation rate of T-47D and MDA-MB-231 decreased after 0.10 mmol/L TAM treatment for 48 h compared with control group (P <0.05), especially that of T47D cells. The result of FCM showed that sub-diploid apoptosis peak was found in both cell lines after TAM treatment. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot indicated that T-47D cells presented ER alpha++ and SMRT++, and ER alpha expression decreased after TAM treatment, meanwhile, that of SMRT increased. MDA-MB-231 cells presented ER alpha-, SMRT-, and both expression levels increased slightly after TAM treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TAM can inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells by inducing cell apoptosis,which is associated with alteration of ER alpha and SMRT expression.</p>