Diagnosis and treatment status of perioperative anemia in patients with gastrointestinal neoplasms: a multi-center study in Hubei Province / 中华外科杂志

Objective: To investigate the incidence and treatment of perioperative anemia in patients with gastrointestinal neoplasms in Hubei Province. Methods: The clinicopathological data of 7 474 patients with gastrointestinal neoplasms in 62 hospitals in 15 cities (state) of Hubei Province in 2019 were collected in the form of network database. There were 4 749 males and 2 725 females. The median age of the patients was 62 years (range: 17 to 96 years). The hemoglobin value of the first time in hospital and the first day after operation was used as the criterion of preoperative anemia and postoperative anemia. Anemia was defined as male hemoglobin <120 g/L and female hemoglobin <110.0 g/L, mild anemia as 90 to normal, moderate anemia as 60 to <90 g/L, severe anemia as <60 g/L. The t test and χ2 test were used for inter-group comparison. Results: The overall incidence of preoperative anemia was 38.60%(2 885/7 474), and the incidences of mild anemia, moderate anemia and severe anemia were 25.09%(1 875/7 474), 11.37%(850/7 474) and 2.14%(160/7 474), respectively. The overall incidence of postoperative anemia was 61.40%(4 589/7 474). The incidence of mild anemia, moderate anemia and severe anemia were 48.73%(3 642/7 474), 12.20%(912/7 474) and 0.47%(35/7 474), respectively. The proportion of preoperative anemia patients receiving treatment was 26.86% (775/2 885), and the proportion of postoperative anemia patients receiving treatment was 14.93% (685/4 589). The proportions of preoperative anemia patients in grade ⅢA, grade ⅢB, and grade ⅡA hospitals receiving treatment were 26.12% (649/2 485), 32.32% (85/263), and 29.93% (41/137), and the proportions of postoperative anemia patients receiving treatment were 14.61% (592/4 052), 22.05% (73/331), and 9.71% (20/206). The proportion of intraoperative blood transfusion (16.74% (483/2 885) vs. 3.05% (140/4 589), χ²=434.555, P<0.01) and the incidence of postoperative complications (17.78% (513/2 885) vs. 14.08% (646/4 589), χ²=18.553, P<0.01) in the preoperative anemia group were higher than those in the non-anemia group, and the postoperative hospital stay in the preoperative anemia group was longer than that in the non-anemia group ((14.1±7.3) days vs. (13.3±6.2) days, t=5.202, P<0.01). Conclusions: The incidence of perioperative anemia in patients with gastrointestinal neoplasms is high. Preoperative anemia can increase the demand for intraoperative blood transfusion and affect the short-term prognosis of patients. At present, the concept of standardized treatment of perioperative anemia among gastrointestinal surgeons in Hubei Province needs to be improved.

Effect of long chain non-coding RNA H19 on the migration and invasion of oral cancer cells and its molecular mechanism / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of the long chain non-coding RNA H19 (lncRNA H19) on the invasion and migration of oral cancer cells and its related molecular mechanism.@*METHODS@#The expression levels of lncRNA H19, miR-107, and cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) in the immortalized oral epithelial cell line HIOEC and the oral cancer cell line CAL27 were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. CAL27 cells were transfected with siRNA H19, miR-107 mimics, pcDNA H19, or anti-miR-107, and the effects of H19 and miR-107 on the invasion and migration of cells were examined via Transwell assay. The TargetScan database predicted the targeting of H19, miR-107, and CDK6. Double luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to detect interactions among H19, miR-107, and CDK6. Western blot analysis was conducted to examine the effects of H19 and miR-107 on the protein level of the target gene CDK6.@*RESULTS@#Compared with that in HIOEC cells, the expression of H19 was significantly increased in CAL27 cells (P<0.05). After transfection with siRNA H19, the expression of H19 decreased, and the invasion and migration ability of CAL27 cells were inhibited (P<0.05). H19 could bind specifically to the 3'-UTR of miR-107 to modulate the expression of miR-107. Compared with that in HIOEC cells, the expression of miR-107 significantly decreased in CAL27 cells (P<0.05). The expression of miR-107 increased after transfection with siRNA H19, and anti-mir-107 co-transfection could promote the invasion and migration ability of siRNA H19 in CAL27 cells (P<0.05). Compared with that in HIOEC cells, CDK6 expression significantly increased in CAL27 cells (P<0.05), and the expression level of the gene was coregulated by H19 and miR-107 (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#lncRNA H19 plays an important role in the development of oral cancer. It can regulate the invasion and migration of oral cancer cells by targeting the miR-107/CDK6 signaling axis.

Influencing factors on the quality of life and medical coping style of patients with oral cancer / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the influencing factors on the postoperative quality of life and to analyze the coping styles of patients with oral cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 131 oral cancer cases confirmed through diagnostic criteria were investigated to analyze the influencing factors on the quality of life (QOL) and the relationship between coping style and QOL of these patients by using the fourth edition of the University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire (UWQOL) and medical coping modes questionnaires (MCMQ), respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 131 questionnaires collected, only 126 were valid with a recovery rate of 96.18% (126/131). Single factor analysis showed that age, marital status, educational level, other systemic diseases, personal income level, tooth loss, operation times, adjuvant radiotherapy, cancer staging, cervical lymph node dissection, recurrence, and jaw resection yielded different UWQOL scale scores (P<0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that the loss of teeth, cancer staging, recurrence, and jaw resection yielded statistically significant differences in the total score of UWQOL (P<0.05). Among the coping styles, the average scores of  "confrontation", "avoidance", and "yielding" were 17.54±4.97, 17.79±2.19, and 12.97±5.70, respectively. Compared with the norm, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that "confrontation" and "avoidance" were positively correlated, whereas "yielding" was negatively correlated to QOL (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Age, marital status, educational level, other systemic diseases, personal income level, tooth loss, operation times, adjuvant radiotherapy, cancer staging, cervical lymph node dissection, recurrence, and jaw resection have different effects on the quality of QOL. Tooth loss, cancer staging, recurrence, and jaw resection are the main causative factors affecting the patients' perceived QOL. Personalized treatment and nursing care should be strengthened to improve the coping style and quality of life of patients.</p>

Role and mechanism of Galectin-3 gene in proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The effect and mechanism of Galectin-3 gene expression on proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) were investigated.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-
PCR) and Western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein of Galectin-3 gene in OSCC. OSCC Tca8113 was divided into control, negative control, and Galectin-3 transfection groups. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of Galectin-3, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, Cleaved Caspase-3, β-catenin, and Cyclin D1 protein after transfection for 48 h in each group. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK8. Cell invasion ability was detected by using a Transwell chamber. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mRNA and protein expression levels of Galectin-3 gene in OSCC were significantly higher than those in adjacent tissues (P<0.01). Galectin-3 protein expression in Tca8113 cells significantly decreased after RNA interference. Cell survival rate and invasion as well as MMP-2, MMP-9, β-catenin, and Cyclin D1 protein expression were significantly lower than the blank group. Apoptosis rate and Cleaved Caspase-3 protein expression were significantly higher than the control group (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Inhibition of Galectin-3 gene expression in OSCC can significantly reduce the proliferation and invasion of cancer cells and induce apoptosis. The mechanism is related to downregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.</p>

Systematic retrospective study of oral cancer-related quality of life scale / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The quality of life (QOL) related to oral cancer has recently become a focus of clinical studies. This study aims to systematically review the current research situation of QOL of local and foreign oral cancer patients and explore the existing related problems and future research directions to provide references and solutions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Through relevant key words, PubMed, Wiley InterScience, Science Direct, CNKI, and Wanfang databases were first searched. The related target literature from 2000 to 2017 were screened. Finally, the frequency of oral cancer related to QOL scale used in literature was calculated, and the related scales were briefly introduced.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>From the target literature, 218 English target literature, 55 Chinese target literature, 24 English scales, and 12 Chinese scales were selected. The most widely used scales for assessing the QOL of patients with oral cancer were as follows: University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire (UW-QOL), European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30/Head and Neck 35 (EORTC QLQ-C30/H&N35), 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Head and Neck (FACT-H&N), and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The QOL related to oral cancer was well underway, and the study of geographical distribution was widespread. However, the work on self-developed scale remains inadequate. UW-QOL, EORTC QLQ-C30/H&N35, and FACT-H&N can be utilized as the preferred scales for evaluating the QOL of oral cancer patients. A specific disease-related function scale can also be selected according to specific research objectives.</p>

Effects of conbercept combined with PDGF receptor inhibitor on the proliferation, migration of RPE cells and VEGF expression in hypoxic conditions / 眼科新进展

Objective To investigate the effects of conbercept combined with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor inhibitor on the proliferation and migration of human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19),as well as mRNA and protein expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).Methods ARPE-19 cells were cultured in in vitro and the cells in logarithmic growth phase were obtained and induced by different concentrations of CoCl2.Then cell proliferation and toxicity test kit (CCK-8) was used to detect the proliferation activity of ARPE-19 cells for screening the optimal concentration of CoCl2 to construct hypoxic model.The cultured ARPE-19 cells were divided into normal group,hypoxic group and hypoxia + conbercept group (different concentrations),and CCK-8 assay was applied to analyze the effects of conbercept with different concentrations on cell proliferation activity for screening the best concentration of conbercept.The ARPE-19 cells in logarithmic phase were divided into normal group,hypoxic group,hypoxia + PDGF receptor inhibitor group (different concentrations),and CCK-8 assay was performed to detect the effects of PDGF receptor inhibitor on cell proliferation with hypoxic damage activity for screening the best concentration of PDGF receptor inhibitor.The logarithmic growth phase cells were divided into normal group,hypoxic group,hypoxia + 20 mg · L-1 conbercept group,hypoxia + 200 μmol · L-1 PDGF receptor inhibitor group,hypoxia + conbercept + PDGF receptor inhibitor group (both optimal concentration),and then the cell proliferation in each group was detected by CCK-8 assay,and the migration was detected by transwell chambers.The level of VEGF protein in the supernatant of each group was detected by ELISA methods,and VEGF mRNA expression was measured by RT-PCR.Results CCK-8 assay results showed that the A value of ARPE-19 in the 100 μmol · L-1 CoCl2 group was the highest (1.063 ± 0.031),which was set to be the optimal concentration for preparation of hypoxic model.CCK-8 assay results showed the cell proliferation rate of 20 μg · mL-1 conbercept and 20 μmol · L-1 PDGF receptor inhibitor group was (94.58 ± 3.80) ％ and (96.72 ± 5.44) ％,respectively,which could achieve the most satisfying efficacy,thereby both concentrations were selected for follow-up experiments.The cell proliferation and migration ability and VEGF protein level decreased in the conbercept group,PDGF receptor inhibitor group and conbercept + PDGF receptor inhibitor group when compared with the hypoxic group,and the decrease in the combined group was the most significant.Moreover,VEGF mRNA expression in the conbercept group and combined group were decreased when compared with the hypoxic group.Conclusion Hypoxia can enhance cell proliferation and migration ability and induce the up-regulation of VEGC protein and mRNA expression.In addition,PDGF receptor inhibitor combined with conbercept has inhibitory effects on the migration and proliferation of ARPE-19 cells as well as VEGF protein and mRNA expression following hypoxia injury,which is superior to conbercept treatment alone.

Protective effect of hyperoside on cardiac ischemia reperfusion injury through inhibition of ER stress and activation of Nrf2 signaling

OBJECT@#To study the protective effect of hyperoside (Hyp) on cardiac ischemia reperfusion injury and its potential mechanism.@*METHODS@#Rats were divided into two groups for the evaluation, the Hyp (50 μM Hyp; n = 8) and the control group (n = 8). Rat hearts were isolated and perfused with Krebs-Henseleit buffer (KHB) for 30 min. After being inhibited with cardioplegic solution, they were stored for 4 h in B21 solution at 4 °C. Afterwards, rat hearts were perfused with KHB again for 45 min. In this period, Hyp was added into solutions of cardioplegia for storage and KHB. Parameters of cardiac functions, including heart rate, the systolic pressure of the left ventricle, the end-diastolic pressure of the left ventricle, the developed pressure of the left ventricle, the left-ventricular systolic pressure and the peak rise rate of the pressure of the left ventricle were recorded. The levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the content of malondialdehyde and apoptotic cells were determined to evaluate the protective effect of Hyp on hearts suffered from ischemia reperfusion injury. Moreover, cultured cardiac myocytes were subjected to the process simulating ischemia/reperfusion. What were analyzed included the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress hallmarks expressions, such as binding immunoglobulin protein and C/EBP homologous protein, using the western blot and real-time PCR. Besides, the NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression was measured to explore the potential mechanism.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control group, the Hyp group had better cardiac functional parameters and higher ATP levels; pretreatment of Hyp greatly relieved the apoptosis of myocyte, decreased oxidative stress as well as ER stress and activated the signaling pathway of anti-oxidative Nrf2 to a further extent.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Hyp plays an important role in preserving cardiac function by improving ATP levels of tissue, easing oxidative injury of myocardium and reducing apoptosis following IRI dramatically, while the ER stress inhibition and the downstream Nrf2 signaling activation may contribute to the effects of protection.

Protective effect of hyperoside on cardiac ischemia reperfusion injury through inhibition of ER stress and activation of Nrf2 signaling

Object: To study the protective effect of hyperoside (Hyp) on cardiac ischemia reperfusion injury and its potential mechanism. Methods: Rats were divided into two groups for the evaluation, the Hyp (50 μM Hyp; n = 8) and the control group (n = 8). Rat hearts were isolated and perfused with Krebs-Henseleit buffer (KHB) for 30 min. After being inhibited with cardioplegic solution, they were stored for 4 h in B21 solution at 4 °C. Afterwards, rat hearts were perfused with KHB again for 45 min. In this period, Hyp was added into solutions of cardioplegia for storage and KHB. Parameters of cardiac functions, including heart rate, the systolic pressure of the left ventricle, the end-diastolic pressure of the left ventricle, the developed pressure of the left ventricle, the left-ventricular systolic pressure and the peak rise rate of the pressure of the left ventricle were recorded. The levels of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the content of malondialdehyde and apoptotic cells were determined to evaluate the protective effect of Hyp on hearts suffered from ischemia reperfusion injury. Moreover, cultured cardiac myocytes were subjected to the process simulating ischemia/reperfusion. What were analyzed included the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress hallmarks expressions, such as binding immunoglobulin protein and C/EBP homologous protein, using the western blot and real-time PCR. Besides, the NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression was measured to explore the potential mechanism. Results: Compared with the control group, the Hyp group had better cardiac functional parameters and higher ATP levels; pretreatment of Hyp greatly relieved the apoptosis of myocyte, decreased oxidative stress as well as ER stress and activated the signaling pathway of anti-oxidative Nrf2 to a further extent. Conclusions: Hyp plays an important role in preserving cardiac function by improving ATP levels of tissue, easing oxidative injury of myocardium and reducing apoptosis following IRI dramatically, while the ER stress inhibition and the downstream Nrf2 signaling activation may contribute to the effects of protection.

Biochemical regulatory mechanism of asiaticoside in preventing and treating stent restenosis / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss whether asiaticosides could effectively reduce the endothelial cell damage as a biochemical modulator, so as to further inhibit the post-stenting intima-media membrane hyperplasia.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Human aortic smooth muscle cells and aortic fibroblasts were selected and divided into the blank group, the rapamycin group and the asiaticoside group and the rapamycin and asiaticoside group. The expressions of muscle cells and fibroblasts TGF-beta1, Smad7 and I-collagen gene were determined by RT-PCR. The expression quantity of I-collagen protein was assayed by ELISA. The coefficient of drug interaction (CDI) between rapamycin and asiaticoside was calculated. Additionally, 16 Chinese mini-swines were randomly divided into group A and group B. One sirolimus drug-eluting stent of the same type was implanted after the high-pressure pre-expansion of anterior descending artery balloon. After the operation, the group A was intravenously injected with normal saline 30 mL x d(-1). Whereas the group B was intravenously injected with asiaticoside 30 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)(diluted to 30 mL). The expressions of plasma vWF of the two groups were measured at the 7th and 14th days after the operation. At the 28th day after the operation, tissues of the stented vessel segments were sliced and stained to calculate the vessel area, inner stent area, lumen area and neointima area</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Compared with the control group, the combination group showed significant up-regulation in smooth muscle cells and fibroblast Smad7 gene, down-regulation in TGF-beta, and obvious inhibition of I-collagen gene expression (P < 0.01). As for smooth muscle cells, there was no difference in the expression of I-collagen between the combination group and the rapamycin group, with CDI at 0. 83. As for fibroblasts, there was a significant difference in the expression of I-collagen between the combination group and the rapamycin group (P < 0.05), with CDI at 0.77. Plasma vWF of the group B was significantly lower than that of the group A (P < 0.05) at the 7th and 14th days after the operation. At the 28th day after the operation, no difference was observed in vessel area and stent area between the two groups. However, the lumen area in the group B was significantly larger than that of the group A(P < 0.05), and the neointima area of the group B was significantly smaller than that of the group A (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>As an effective biochemical modulator for rapamycin, asiaticosides could inhibit TGF-beta expression, significantly decrease the synthesis and secretion of extracellular matrix, further inhibit the post-stenting intima-media membrane hyperplasia and reduce the endothelial cell damage by effectively up-regulate the expression of Smad7 protein.</p>

Effect of Matrine on cell cycle and human telomerase reverse transcriptase of human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of the traditional Chinese medicine Matrine on cell cycle and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) of human ACC-M cell lines.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Different concentrations of Matrine were used in the medium of ACC-M cells. Change of cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry after ACC-M cell were cultivated with different concentrations Matrine (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00 mg x mL(-1)). Expression of hTERT was investigated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and indirect immunofluorescene and flow cytometry quantitative analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Matrine caused obviously the GdG1 phase block and inhibited proliferation of ACC-M cells. At same time, this effect was positive correlation to Matrine concentration and treat time. Matrine can inhibit the expression of hTERT mRNA and protein.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Matrine can obviously inhibit cell cycle and down-regulate expression of hTERT. Inhibition of cell cycle is possible correlation with down-regulation expression of hTERT.</p>

Effects of Podoplanin on cell proliferation and cell cycle in oral leukoplakia cells / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of Podoplanin on cell proliferation and cell cycle in oral leukoplakia cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Oral leukoplakia cell line (Leuk-1) transfected with pCMV-Podoplanin (A4-1) or pCMV (B4-1) was used in this study. The levels of mRNA and protein of Podoplanin were detected by real-time PCR and Western boltting in A4-1, B4-1 and Leuk-1 cells. The localization of Podoplanin was detected by confocal microscope. Cell growth and proliferation was examined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay and cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry (FCM).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The value of Podoplanin mRNA level in A4-1 cells was 0.022, which was significantly higher than the values in B4-1 (0.001) and Leuk-1 cells (0.002), P < 0.05. The gray scale of Podoplanin protein in A4-1 cells was significantly higher than in the control groups (P < 0.05). The expression of Podoplanin was observed in cell plasm and membrane of A4-1, B4-1 and Leuk-1 cells. But the expression level of Podoplanin in A4-1 cells was higher than in control groups. A4-1 cells grew faster than Leuk-1 cells. The proliferation rate after 3 days of culture in A4-1 cells was 40.4% higher than that in B4-1 cells (P < 0.05). The G₂-M phase (24.89 +/- 4.55)% and PI (0.57 +/- 0.06) of A4-1 cells were significantly higher than that in B4-1 cells [(4.13 +/- 5.24)%, (0.41 +/- 0.04)] and Leuk-1 cells [(4.69 +/- 7.42)%, (0.40 +/- 0.02)], P < 0.05.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Over expression of Podoplanin accelerated the growth and proliferation of oral leukoplakia cells. Podoplanin may be one of key genes in the malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia.</p>

The application of three-dimensional reconstruction technique of 64-slices spiral CT in locating of embedded teeth in jaws / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the allocation of embedded teeth in jaws using the three-dimensional reconstruction technique of 64-slices spiral CT.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>27 cases were examined by helical scanning of axial view volume scan CT. The exact localization of the embedded teeth in jaws was acquired by using volume rendering (VR), maximum intensity projection (MIP), multiplanar reformation (MPR) and curve plane reconstruction (CPR).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The localization, morphous, size, erupted orientation and relationship between surrounding tissues of the 41 embedded teeth in 27 patients were displayed by effectually using the images of VR, MIP, MPR and CPR. The election of orthodontic treatment or surgical intervention was decided by using 64-slices spiral CT.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The exact data and objective evidence of the treatment plan could be provided by 64-slices spiral CT which will have important clinical application.</p>

Genetic screening for novel GATA4 mutations associated with congenital atrial septal defect / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To screen the gene GATA4 for novel mutations associated with congenital atrial septal defect (ASD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data and peripheral venous blood specimen from 85 unrelated subjects with congenital ASD were collected and analyzed in contrast to 200 healthy individuals. The coding exons and the exon/intron boundaries of GATA4 gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and sequenced using the di-deoxynucleotide chain termination procedure. The obtained sequences were aligned with those publicized in GenBank with the help of programme BLAST to identify the sequence variations. The software Clustal W was applied to analysis of the conservation of altered amino acids.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Three novel heterozygous missense GATA4 mutations were identified in 3 of 85 ASD patients, respectively. Namely, the triplet substitutions of ATG for GTG at codon 267, GCC for ACC at codon 354, and CAA for CCA at codon 407, predicting the conversions of valine into methionine at amino acid residue 267 (V267M), threonine into alanine at amino acid residue 354 (T354A), and proline into glutamine at amino acid residue 407 (P407Q), were identified. No mutation was detected in 200 healthy controls. A cross-species alignment of GATA4 encoded protein sequences showed that the valine at amino acid residue 267 and proline at amino acid residue 407 were completely conserved evolutionarily.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Three novel heterozygous missense GATA4 mutations were identified in patients with congenital ASD, which reveals new molecular etiology responsible for ASD, and contributes to the early prophylaxis and therapy for ASD.</p>

Comparison of coronary plaque composition between patients with acute coronary syndrome and stable coronary artery disease / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The purpose of the present study was to compare the plaque composition between patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) by intravascular ultrasound virtual histological analysis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two hundred and ten patients were divided into ACS group (n = 131, 188 diseased vessels) and SCAD group (n = 79, 158 diseased vessels). A total of 346 de novo lesions with > 50% stenosis in native coronary arteries with diameters > 2.5 mm were studied with intravascular ultrasonography. Geometric and compositional data were obtained using intravascular ultrasound virtual histology software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were no significant differences in overall lesions for fibrous (51.2% +/- 12.5% vs. 52.6% +/- 9.6%), fibrolipidic (11.3% +/- 10.6% vs. 12.9% +/- 9.4%), calcium (15.1% +/- 8.9% vs. 20.5% +/- 12.5%) or necrotic core (23.1% +/- 9.8% vs. 20.4% +/- 6.8%, all P > 0.05) components between ACS and SCAD patients. Culprit lesions for fibrous (49.1% +/- 11.2% vs. 50.3% +/- 9.7%), fibrolipidic (10.2% +/- 9.5% vs. 12.7% +/- 9.5%), calcium (15.4% +/- 8.9% vs. 17.4% +/- 24.8%), or necrotic core (24.0% +/- 11.5% vs. 19.7% +/- 5.3%, all P > 0.05) components were also similar between ACS and SCAD patients. High density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL) levels > 1.04 mmol/L was associated with more fibrolipidic (15.6% +/- 9.6% vs. 7.4% +/- 5.9%) and less necrotic core (19.4% +/- 8.6% vs. 28.6% +/- 11.2%, all P < 0.05 vs. patients with HDL < or = 1.04 mmol/L) components in ACS patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Coronary plaque composition was similar between ACS and SCAD patients.</p>

Comparison of coronary plaque composition among patients with acute coronary syndrome and stable coronary artery disease / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The identification of vulnerable plaques before rupture is an important clinical goal. The purpose of the present study was to assess the difference in plaque composition among patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) by intravascular ultrasound virtual histologic analysis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and thirty-nine patients were divided into ACS group and SCAD group according to clinical presentation. A total of 229 de novo lesions with >50% stenosis in native coronary arteries with diameters >2.5 mm were studied with intravascular ultrasonography. Geometric and compositional data were obtained using intravascular ultrasound virtual histology software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were no significant differences in overall lesions for fibrous ((52.0+/-11.9)% vs (54.3+/-8.5)%, P>0.05), fibrolipidic ((12.3+/-10.1)% vs (13.8+/-9.5)%, P > 0.05), calcium ((14.0+/-9.1)% vs (19.3+/-13.1)%, P>0.05), or necrotic core ((22.0+/-11.1)% vs (19.7 +/- 5.4)%, P > 0.05) percentages in ACS and SCAD patients, respectively. There were also no significant differences in culprit lesions for fibrous ((46.4+/-12.0)% vs (53.6+/-8.8)%, P>0.05), fibrolipidic ((9.1+/-9.0)% vs (12.9+/-9.7)%, P>0.05), calcium ((16.6+/-9.7)% vs (21.8+/-26.3)%, P>0.05), or necrotic core ((28.0+/-12.6)% vs (20.6+/-5.2)%, P>0.05) percentages in ACS and SCAD patients, respectively. High density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels >1.04 mmol/L were associated with more fibrolipidic ((14.5+/-10.4)% vs (7.1+/-6.5)%, P<0.05) and less necrotic core ((20.6+/-9.7)% vs (27.9+/-12.6)%, P<0.05) percentages in the cohort with ACS.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>In this study, coronary plaque composition assessed by intravascular ultrasound virtual histologic analysis was not significantly different between ACS and SCAD patients. The anatomic relationship of the specific plaque components to the lumen of the vessel was more important than the quantitative information of plaque composition for plaque stability.</p>

Effects of transcatheter closure in children with congenital coronary artery fistula / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of transcatheter closure method for treating congenital coronary artery fistula (CAF) in children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-three children with CAF received transcatheter closure. Under anesthesia, heart catheterization and selective coronary angiography were performed to show the CAF size and relationship with normal coronary artery. CAF with the narrowest inner diameter < 3 mm (n = 16) were occluded with coil device, and CAF with narrowest inner diameter > 3 mm (n = 7) were closed with Amplatzer duct or VSD occluder.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Transcatheter closure was successfully performed in 21 cases and failed in 2 cases (CAF is too tortuous in one case and right CAF outlet near the right coronary artery main stem in another case) and CAF were closed by surgery in these 2 patients. No residual shunt or other complications were observed during the 3 months to 3 years follow up.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Transcatheter closure was an effective and mini-traumatic method for CAF treatment in children.</p>

The changes and their clinical significance of D-dimer and platelet glycoprotein in patients with coronary heart disease / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the changes and their clinical significance of D-dimer and platelet glycoprotein (GP) in patients with coronary heart disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>D-dimer and GP in 20 patients with stable angina (SA group), 48 patients with unstable angina (UA group), and 20 control cases were measured. The changes of D-dimer and GP in patients with and without coronary events were compared. The sensitivity of those changes in the diagnosis of coronary events was evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were significant differences of D-dimer and GP between UA group and SA group or control group (P < 0.01), while there was no significant difference between SA group and control group (P > 0.05). There were also significant differences of D-dimer and GP between patients with coronary events and patients without coronary events (P < 0.05). In the sensitivity test for detecting coronary events, D-dimer and GPIIb, GPIIIa were much more sensitive than other parameters.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>D-dimer and GPIIb, GPIIIa may be regarded as the indexes of coronary thrombosis and used for predicting the severity of coronary events.</p>