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To efficiently remove all recurrent lymph nodes (rLNs) and minimize complications, we developed a combination approach that consisted of 68Gallium prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) ligand positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) and integrated indocyanine green (ICG)-guided salvage lymph node dissection (sLND) for rLNs after radical prostatectomy (RP). Nineteen patients were enrolled to receive such treatment. 68Ga-PSMA ligand PET/CT was used to identify rLNs, and 5 mg of ICG was injected into the space between the rectum and bladder before surgery. Fluorescent laparoscopy was used to perform sLND. While extensive LN dissection was performed at level I, another 5 mg of ICG was injected via the intravenous route to intensify the fluorescent signal, and laparoscopy was introduced to intensively target stained LNs along levels I and II, specifically around suspicious LNs, with 68Ga-PSMA ligand PET/CT. Next, both lateral peritonea were exposed longitudinally to facilitate the removal of fluorescently stained LNs at levels III and IV. In total, pathological analysis confirmed that 42 nodes were rLNs. Among 145 positive LNs stained with ICG, 24 suspicious LNs identified with 68Ga-PSMA ligand PET/CT were included. The sensitivity and specificity of 68Ga-PSMA ligand PET/CT for detecting rLNs were 42.9% and 96.6%, respectively. For ICG, the sensitivity was 92.8% and the specificity was 39.1%. At a median follow-up of 15 (interquartile range [IQR]: 6-31) months, 15 patients experienced complete biochemical remission (BR, prostate-specific antigen [PSA] <0.2 ng ml-1), and 4 patients had a decline in the PSA level, but it remained >0.2 ng ml-1. Therefore, 68Ga-PSMA ligand PET/CT integrating ICG-guided sLND provides efficient sLND with few complications for patients with rLNs after RP.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Gallium Isotopes , Gallium Radioisotopes , Indocyanine Green , Ligands , Lymph Node Excision , Lymphatic Metastasis/diagnostic imaging , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/surgery , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography , Prostate , Prostatectomy , Prostatic Neoplasms/surgery , Salvage TherapyABSTRACT
Aim To investigate the role of eNOS/PKG- 1 pathway in L-arginine (L-arg) intervention in right ventricular remodeling induced by monocrotaline (MCT) in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats with the aid of the tool medicine L-NAME. Methods Twenty SD rats were randomly divided into control group, MCT group, L-Arg group and L-Arg + L-NAME group. The general condition of rats was observed; the right ventricular pressure of rats was measured by right heart catheterization; the rats and the right ventricle were weighed and the right ventricular mass index was calculated; the morphological changes of the right ventricular were observed by H&E staining; the protein expressions of cTnl, eNOS and PKG-1 were detected by Western blot in the right ventricular. Results Compared with control group, right ventricular max pressure and right ventricular mass index significantly increased ( P < 05) ; the weight of rats in MCT group was significantly reduced ( P < 0. 05); the right ventricular myocytes were hypertrophic, disordered and infiltrated with inflammatory cells; the protein expression of cTnl was obviously up-regulated ( P < 0. 05 ) ; the protein expressions of eNOS and PKG-1 were significantly down- regulated ( P < 0. 05 ) . L-arg could significantly improve the above changes ( P < 0. 05 ). However, the effects of L-arg were inhibited by eNOS inhibitor L- NAME. Conclusions L-arg can improve the right ventricular remodeling in rats induced by MCT, and the mechanism may be related to the up-regulation of the protein levels of eNOS and PKG-1.
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Abstract; Aim To explore the effect of icariin (ISO) in mice. Methods C57BL/6 mice were ran- (ICA) on myocardial fibrosis induced by isoproterenol domly divided into control group, ISO group, low-dose (15 mg • kg"1), middle-dose (30 mg • kg"1) and high-dose (60 mg • kg"1) of ICA-treated group and Losartan-treated group ( 9 mg • kg"1 ). The control group was subcutaneously injected with normal saline, and the other groups were subcutaneously injected with ISO (5 mg • kg"1, qd) continuously 14 days to established the myocardial fibrosis model. The ICA-treated groups and Losartan-treated group were simultaneously intragastrically administered of ICA or Losartan, respectively. And the other groups received the same a- mount of double distilled water. The left ventricular e- jection fraction (LVEF) and the left ventricular fraction shortening rate ( LVFS) were evaluated by the small animal ultrasound. The heart mass index (HMI) was calculated. The left ventricular collagen deposition was detected by Masson staining. The protein expressions of a-SMA, MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in the left ventricular tissue were detected by Western blot. Results ICA (30, 60 mg • kg"1) and Losartan could inhibit the decreased LVEF and LVFS, the increased HMI and left ventricular collagen deposition, the up- regulated a-SMA and MMP-9 protein expression, the down-regulated MMP-2 and TIMP-1 protein expression in the left ventricular tissues induced by ISO. Conclusions ICA can improve myocardial fibrosis induced by ISO in mice, and the underlying mechanism may be related to the regulation of the protein expression of a- SMA and MMPs/TIMP-1.
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OBJECTIVE@#To study the efficacy and safety of caffeine used in the early (≤72 hours after birth) and late (>72 hours after birth) stage in preterm infants with a gestational age of ≤31 weeks.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed for 640 preterm infants (with a gestational age of ≤31 weeks) who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of eight hospitals in Jiangsu Province, China. Of the 640 preterm infants, 510 were given caffeine in the early stage (≤72 hours after birth; early use group) and 130 were given caffeine in the late stage (>72 hours after birth; late use group). The clinical data were compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#There were no significant differences in birth weight, Apgar score, sex, gestational age, and age on admission between the two groups (P>0.05). Compared with the late use group, the early use group had a significantly younger age at the beginning and withdrawal of caffeine treatment (P0.05). Compared with the late use group, the early use group had significantly lower incidence rate of apnea (P0.05). However, significant differences were found in the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and the rate of home oxygen therapy, but there was no significant difference in the mortality rate between the two groups (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Early use of caffeine can shorten the duration of caffeine treatment, oxygen supply time, and length of hospital stay, with little adverse effect, in preterm infants with a gestational age of ≤31 weeks.
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Objective To optimize the optimal doses of histamine and 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) in the establish-ment of guinea pigs models of itching, and to establish a new guinea pig model of itching. Methods The central composite design-response surface method was used to arrange the experiment. In the experiment different pruritus agents were hypo-dermically injection of 0. 5 mL in the depilated area, and the scratching incubation period and scratching number in 30 mi-nutes were counted after the injection. The guinea pig itching model was evaluated by observing the behavioral changes of guinea pigs and measuring the levels of histamine and interleukin-6 in the blood. Results The behavioral experiments found that the scratching frequency in the the combination group was significantly higher than the histamine group and 4-AP group (P<0. 01). The itching latency of the combination group was significantly shorter than that of the histamine group and 4-AP group (P<0. 01). Compared with the control group, the histamine concentrations of the combination group and histamine group were significantly increased ( P<0. 05 or P<0. 01 ) , and the level of the combination group was lower than that of the histamine group (P<0. 05). Compared with the control group, the serum IL-6 concentrations of histamine group, 4-AP group and combination group were significantly higher (P<0. 01 or P<0. 05), and those in the combination group were significantly higher than the histamine and 4-AP groups. Compared with the control group, pathologic examina-tion showed proliferation of inflammatory cells in all model groups, and the reaction of the combination group was more ob-vious. Conclusions The optimal conditions used in this experiment are easy to achieve and have good reproducibility in the establishment of a guinea pig model of itching.
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Objective To optimize the optimal doses of histamine and 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) in the establish-ment of guinea pigs models of itching, and to establish a new guinea pig model of itching. Methods The central composite design-response surface method was used to arrange the experiment. In the experiment different pruritus agents were hypo-dermically injection of 0. 5 mL in the depilated area, and the scratching incubation period and scratching number in 30 mi-nutes were counted after the injection. The guinea pig itching model was evaluated by observing the behavioral changes of guinea pigs and measuring the levels of histamine and interleukin-6 in the blood. Results The behavioral experiments found that the scratching frequency in the the combination group was significantly higher than the histamine group and 4-AP group (P<0. 01). The itching latency of the combination group was significantly shorter than that of the histamine group and 4-AP group (P<0. 01). Compared with the control group, the histamine concentrations of the combination group and histamine group were significantly increased ( P<0. 05 or P<0. 01 ) , and the level of the combination group was lower than that of the histamine group (P<0. 05). Compared with the control group, the serum IL-6 concentrations of histamine group, 4-AP group and combination group were significantly higher (P<0. 01 or P<0. 05), and those in the combination group were significantly higher than the histamine and 4-AP groups. Compared with the control group, pathologic examina-tion showed proliferation of inflammatory cells in all model groups, and the reaction of the combination group was more ob-vious. Conclusions The optimal conditions used in this experiment are easy to achieve and have good reproducibility in the establishment of a guinea pig model of itching.
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Objective@#To investigate the effects of mandibular advancement device (MAD) upon nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in the genioglossus.@*Methods@#Eighteen New Zealand white rabbits (male, six months old), in accordance with the random number table, were equally divided into three groups, the control group, obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) group and MAD group. All animals were induced to sleep in supine position for 2 hours every morning in the next 8 weeks. The specimens of genioglossus were prepared. The relative expression of NF-κB p65 was measured with Western blotting and the mass concentration of TNF-α and IL-6 was determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.@*Results@#The relative expressions of NF-κB p65 protein in genioglossus in the control group, OSAHS group and MAD group were 0.24±0.07, 0.44±0.08 and 0.30±0.09, respectively. The mass concentrations of TNF-α in genioglossus in the control group, OSAHS group and MAD group were (0.065±0.020), (0.097±0.018) and (0.071±0.020) μg/L, respectively. The mass concentrations of IL-6 in genioglossus in the control group, OSAHS group and MAD group were (0.063±0.013), (0.093±0.017), and (0.069±0.014) μg/L, respectively. For the above indicators, the data in OSAHS group were all significantly higher than that in MAD group and the control group (P<0.05). No significant difference was found between MAD group and the control group (P>0.05).@*Conclusions@#Treatment of OSAHS with MAD decreased the mass concentration of TNF-α and IL-6 leading to fatigue of genioglossus, reduced the activation of NF-κB and played a significant role in protecting genioglossus.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical features and molecular mechanism of hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A clinical and gene study was performed for five generations (91 people) in the family of one proband with HED. GJB6 gene detection was performed for 7 patients and 3 normal people in this family.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 91 people in this family, there were 17 HED patients, who were manifested as having dysplasia of the fingernails and toenails and sparse or absent hair or body hair. The male patients had a greater degree of sparse hair compared with female patients. In the younger generations, damage to the fingernails and toenails was gradually alleviated. There were patients in each generation, the patient's mother or father definitely had this disease. Both males and females developed this disease, and the inheritance pattern was autosomal dominant inheritance. A heterozygous missense mutation, 31G→A, in GJB6 gene was detected in all patients in this family, but this mutation was not detected in family members without the clinical manifestations of HED.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>HED is a hereditary disease with autosomal dominant inheritance and has the clinical features of dysplasia of the fingernails and toenails, hyperkeratosis of palms and soles, and sparse or absent hair or body hair. Male patients have a greater degree of sparse hair. In the younger generations, damage to the fingernails and toenails is gradually alleviated. The missense mutation 31G→A in the GJB6 gene may be one of the molecular mechanisms for HED.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Male , Connexin 30 , Connexins , Genetics , Ectodermal Dysplasia , Genetics , MutationABSTRACT
Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of early surgery combined with electron linac therapy on keloid.Methods The keloid patients with stable phase were selected;complete resection of keloid and relaxation suture were performed;after the surgery within 24 hours 6 MeV with Varian 2300CD radiotherapy was given,each measuring 4 Gy,total dose of 20 Gy.Results 860 cases of patients were colected for a period of 3 months to 36 months of regular follow-up,which recovered in 802 cases (cure rate was 93.26％),effective results were observed in 41 cases (effective rate of 4.77％),including 17 cases of recurrence (recurrence rate 1.98％),the total efficiency (cure plus effective) was 98.02％.Conclusions More accurately immediate radiotherapy after surgery can effectively reduce the recurrence rate,which is a safe and effective method in the treatment of keloids.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the perioperative data, pathological results and functional outcomes of transvesical single- site laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (TVSSLRP) with those of nerve-sparing extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (nsELRP) in the treatment of low-risk prostate cancer (PCa).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty patients with low-risk organ-confined PCa were randomly assigned to two groups of equal number to receive TVSSLRP and nsELRP, respectively. Comparisons were made between the two groups of patients in such demographic and baseline data as age, comorbidity, body mass index (BMI), serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostate volume, bioptic Gleason score, clinical stage, IIEF-5 score, nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT), penile brachial index (PBI), and penile arterial blood flow velocity as well as in such surgery-related parameters as operation duration, blood loss, blood transfusion, intraoperative complications, positive surgical margin, catheterization time, hospital stay, and postoperative Gleason score, pathologic stage, urinal pad use, PSA level, IIEF-5 score, NPT, PBI and PABFV.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the operations were successfully performed. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups either in the demographic and baseline data or in intraoperative blood loss, blood transfusion rate, complications, and positive surgical margin. No intraoperative complications and positive surgical margins were found in either group. Compared with nsELRP, TVSSLRP achieved a significantly shorter operation duration ([151.46 ± 40.68] min vs [105.92 ± 26.21] min, P <0.05), catheterization time ([13.01 ± 1.64] d vs [11.24 ± 1.17] d, P <0.05), and hospital stay ([15.76 ± 4.65] d vs [12.92 ± 4.29] d, P <0.05). On the first day and at 1, 3 and 6 months after catheter removal, the urinary continence rates in the TVSSLRP and nsELRP groups were 84% vs 52% (P <0.05), 100% vs 84%, 100% vs 96%, and 100% vs 96%, respectively; and at 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery, the erectile potency rates were 48% vs 28% (P <0.05), 64% vs 52%, and 76% vs 68%, respectively, with an IIEF-5 score ≥ 18, all evidently higher in the TVSSLRP than in the nsELRP group. The penile brachial index and arterial blood flow velocity of the two groups of patients exhibited no significant differences before and after surgery, nor did postoperative complications (grade II) between the TVSSLRP and nsELRP groups (32% vs 40%, P >0.05). The Gleason score and pathologic stage were increased after surgery, but with remarkable differences between the two groups (P >0.05). No biochemical recurrence was found in either group during a 12-month follow-up.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>With the advantages of safety and rapid postoperative recovery, both TVSSLRP and nsELRP are feasible for the treatment of low-risk organ-confined PCa, but the former may achieve an earlier recovery of urinary continence and erectile function than the latter.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Blood Loss, Surgical , Laparoscopy , Methods , Operative Time , Organ Sparing Treatments , Methods , Penile Erection , Physiology , Prostate-Specific Antigen , Blood , Prostatectomy , Methods , Prostatic Neoplasms , Blood , General Surgery , Recovery of FunctionABSTRACT
Objective To investigate reconstructive repair methods of a large scalp defect with the granulation tissue wounds and skull exposure caused by the trauma.Methods Skin and soft tissue expansion technique was used to repair eight patients with a large scalp defect with the granulation tissue wounds and skull exposure caused by the trauma.The skin and soft tissue expanders were embedded under normal epicranial aponeurosis after the formation of fresh granulation tissue wound.Strict aseptic technique as well as water injection was done in the expansion process and moderate expansion to maintain rich blood circulation in the expansive parts.Results 12 skin and soft tissue expanders were implanted in 8 patients and the scalp wounds were completely repaired.No infection was detected after surgery and injection expansion process.Conclusions The skin and soft tissue expansion can be used to reconstruct post-traumatic scalp defect with granulation tissue wound and skull exposure.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate in vitro effect of abnormal savda munziq (ASMq) on the proliferation and apoptosis of human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFs).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HSFs were divided into six groups to receive different treatments as group A (blank control group), group B-E (ASMq in different concentration), and group F(5-Fu). Each group contains six specimens. The HSFs were cultured in vitro. After culture for 48 hours, the CCK8 test and flow cytometry methods were used to detect the proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The proliferation of HSFs in the B, C, D and E groups was inhibited at G2/M period, while it was inhibited at G0/S period in group F (P < 0.05). The inhibition effect of ASMq (0.1-1.0 mg/ml) on the fibroblasts enhanced in a concentration-dependent manner. Flow cytometry analysis with annexin V-FITC and PI staining confirmed the apoptotic. When HSFs were exposed to ASMq at 1.0 mg/ml (group E) for 48 h, the percentage of apoptotic cells increased to (43.7 +/- 2.58)%, which was significantly higher than that of blank control group (2.2 +/- 0.59)%. The induced apoptosis effect was also increased in a concentration-dependent manner.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ASMq has a inhibitory effect on the proliferation and an enhancement effect on the apoptosis of fibroblast. ASMq could be used as an effective drug for treatment of hypertrophic scar.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Apoptosis , Cell Cycle , Physiology , Cell Division , Cell Proliferation , Cells, Cultured , Cicatrix, Hypertrophic , Pathology , Fibroblasts , Cell Biology , Flow Cytometry , In Vitro Techniques , Medicine, East Asian TraditionalABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study examined the effects of maternal deficiency of folic acid during pregnancy on pulmonary development and protein A (SP-A) expression in newborn rats in order to explore the possible mechanism of lung developmental disorders.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-six adult Sprague-Dawley female rats were randomly assigned into two groups: control and study (n=18). The study and the control groups were fed with fodder containing folic acid or not respectively. Two weeks later, the female rats in the two groups copulated with normal male rats. Newborn rats were sacrificed at 1, 7 and 14 days after birth (8 pups at each time point). Lung sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histological examination. SP-A expression of protein and mRNA were determined by immunohistochemistry and real-time quantitative RT-PCR, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The newborn rats from the study group showed damaged lung tissue structures. The mean optical density of type II cells with positive expression of SP-A decreased significantly from 1 to 14 days in newborn rats of the study group compared with the control newborn rats (P<0.05). The real-time quantitative RT-PCR showed that the expression of lung SP-A mRNA also decreased significantly from 1 to 14 days in newborn rats of the study group compared with control newborn rats (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Maternal deficiency of folic acid during pregnancy can decrease the expression of SP-A in lung tissues of newborn rats, which might lead to the disorder of lung development maturation.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Pregnancy , Rats , Animals, Newborn , Folic Acid Deficiency , Metabolism , Immunohistochemistry , Lung , Embryology , Pregnancy Complications , Metabolism , Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A , Genetics , RNA, Messenger , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS) approaches have been reported for treating various kidney and pelvic procedures, and are feasible and effective in selected patients. In this study, we aimed to present the initial experience and evaluate the efficacy of laparoscopic radical prostatectomy performed through a single incision using a multichannel port.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Between July 2010 and April 2011, six patients diagnosed with early stage prostate cancer underwent LESS radical prostatectomy (RP) in our institute. A multichannel port was inserted transperitoneally through a 2-cm umbilical incision. Specially articulating and flexible laparoscopic were used. Some technical tricks and points were applied during the operation to overcome the drawbacks and reduce the difficulties of this approach. Two continuous urethrovesical sutures in both sides were performed to complete both lateral aspects of anastomosis. The two ends of the suture threads were fixed by double Lapro-Clips, instead of the difficult knot-tying.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Total operative time was (265 ± 43) minutes. Mean blood loss was (230 ± 65) ml. All cases were completed successfully, without conversion to open surgery or adding additional abdomen ports. No patient required a blood transfusion and no intraoperative complications occurred. The Foley catheter was removed at the 14th day (range 12th - 16th) after surgery. At the 12th week of follow-up, all patients had an undetectable prostate-specific antigen level. Two patients used 2 or 1 pad for continence daily; other patients had achieved good continence.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In selected cases, LESS-RP is feasible and effective; these technic points and the flexible-articulating instruments are helpful to reduce the operation difficulties.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Laparoscopy , Methods , Prostatectomy , MethodsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>By prospective multi-centered randomized controlled design, 93 patients with BPH were assigned to two groups, 47 in the EA group treated by EA, and 46 in the control group treated by terazosin 2 mg taken orally once every evening. EA was applied on acupoints Zhongliao (BL33) and Huiyang (BL35), for 30 min, once every two days. The total treatment period was 4 weeks for them all. The indexes for efficacy evaluation were the International Prostatic Symptom Score (IPSS), the urinary symptom bother score (BS), the maximal urinary flow rate (Qmax), the post-voided residual urine volume (PVR), and the size of prostate gland. And the times of difficulties for holding urine in 24 h (HU) and the times of night-urinating (NU) were recorded as well.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The trial was completed in 91 patients. After 4 weeks of treatment, the IPSS lowered, Qmax increased, PVR decreased, BS score reduced, times of HU and NU lessened in both groups (P <0.01). However, comparisons between groups showed that the improvement of IPSS (6.52 +/- 0.41 vs 2.69 +/- 0.36, P < 0.01), Qmax (4.71 +/- 0.70 vs 1.75 +/- 0.55, P =0.001) and PVR (44.79 +/- 9.73 vs 16.97 +/- 4.75, P =0.012) was more significant in the EA group than in the control group respectively, but the size of prostate gland after treatment was not different between groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>EA at Zhongliao and Huiyin points can markedly improve the symptoms of difficult urination in mild or moderate patients with BPH, increase their Qmax and reduce PVR. Its efficacy is better than that of terazosin.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Electroacupuncture , Prazosin , Therapeutic Uses , Prostatic Hyperplasia , Drug Therapy , Therapeutics , Treatment Outcome , UrinationABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To examine the expression of mRNA of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in a rat model of hyperoxia-induced retinopathy and to investigate the role of VEGF in the process of neovascularization in retinopathy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred fifty one-day-old neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into hyperoxia-induced retinopathy and normal control groups. The rats in the retinopathy group were exposed to (80 +/- 2)% oxygen for 7 days and then replaced by room air. The rats in the control group were exposed to room air all the time of the experiment. The morphologic changes of retinal vessels were estimated by observing the vascular pattern in adenosine diphosphate ase (ADPase) stained retina flat mounts. The newborn vessels were quantified by haematoxylin and eosin staining. Reversal transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the VEGF mRNA expression.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the retinopathy group at 7 days of age, most of central radial vessels became constricted and blocked, and central perfusion decreased obviously. After switching to room air exposure for 7 days (14 days of age), noticeable retinal neovascularization appeared. The expression of VEGF mRNA in the retinopathy group at 7 days of hyperoxia exposure was noticeably lower than in the control group, and increased gradually after switching to room air exposure. At 9 and 14 days of age, the expression of VEGF mRNA in the retinopathy group was noticeably higher than in the control group. The expression of retinal VEGF mRNA in the retinopathy group increased before neovascularization occurred, and decreased with regression of new vessels.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Hyperoxia exposure may decrease the transcription of VEGF mRNA and the growth of retinal blood vessels. The relative hypoxia after hyperxia withdrawal can up-regulate the transcription of VEGF mRNA, resulting in a significant retinal neovascularization. The abnormal expression of VEGF in the retina may play an important role in the development of neovascularization in retinopathy.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Rats , Animals, Newborn , Disease Models, Animal , Hyperoxia , RNA, Messenger , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Retina , Pathology , Retinal Neovascularization , Retinopathy of Prematurity , Metabolism , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A , GeneticsABSTRACT
<p><b>AIM</b>To examine the impact and prognostic significance of alpha-tocopherol associated protein (TAP) expression in a series of prostate cancer patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Tissues from 87 patients underwent radical prostatectomy were examined for TAP expression by immunohistochemistry. The relationships of the staining results, the clinic pathological characteristics and the recurrence times were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the adjacent areas of normal and benign glands, immunoreactivity of TAP was reduced in areas of prostate cancer. A lower TAP-positive cell number per mm(2) of the largest cancer area (defined as TAP-PN) was associated with higher clinical stage (r = -0.248, P = 0.0322). Inverse associations were found among the TAP-PN and positive lymph nodes (r = -0.231, P = 0.0325), preoperative prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels (r = -0.423, P = 0.0043), tumor size (r= -0.315, P= 0.0210) and elevated tumor cell proliferation, which was indicated by the staining of Ki-67 (r = -0.308, P = 0.0026). TAP-PN was a significant predictor of recurrence univariately (P = 0.0006), as well as multivariately, adjusted for known markers including preoperative PSA, clinical stage, Gleason score, surgical margin, extra-prostatic extension, seminal vesicle invasion and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.0012).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Reduced expression of TAP was associated with the cell proliferation status of prostate cancer, adverse pathological parameters and the increased risk of recurrence.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Carrier Proteins , Genetics , Cell Proliferation , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Ki-67 Antigen , Lipoproteins , Genetics , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Prostatic Neoplasms , Metabolism , Pathology , Trans-Activators , GeneticsABSTRACT
0.1),and there were significant differences in the other groups[F(H)=33.57,F(I)=133.6,F(HI)=69.75 Pa
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the causes of chest or/and abdomen colic with in 1 week after prostatectomy and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Retrospective studies were made on 120 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with postoperative colic in the chest or/and abdomen from October 2001 to October 2002, 35 (Group A) treated by prostatectomy and the other 85 (Group B) by TURP.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In sequence of frequency, the causes of the postoperative chest or/and abdomen colic were bladder spasm, catheter block, acute gastroenteritis, angina and acute myocardial infarction.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The causes of chest or/and abdomen colic after prostatectomy are multiple. If the causes are timely established and corresponding measures immediately taken, its complications can be minimized.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Chest Pain , Colic , Postoperative Complications , Prostatectomy , Prostatic Hyperplasia , General Surgery , Transurethral Resection of ProstateABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the mechanism of injury of cortical nerve cell in the newborn with hypoxia/ischemia brain damage (HIBD), and the neuroprotective effect of Radix Astragali (RA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Neonatal HIBD model rats were established and divided into the sham group, the model group and the RA group. Brain of rats obtained at different time points after HIBD to conduct histopathological examination, neuron death rate count, as well as determination of caspase-3 (cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase-3) protein mRNA expression in cerebral cortex by immunohistochemistry, semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the model group, caspase-3 mRNA and protein showed an increase at 6 hrs, reached the peak at 24 hrs, and decreased at 48 hrs after HIBD, on the 5th and 7th day restored to baseline level. After being treated by RA, the neuron death rate of ligated side was obviously reduced, caspase-3 mRNA and protein expression peak value decreased by 45% (mRNA) and 40% - 43% (protein).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>RA shows markedly neuron protection in immature brain cortex after HIBD, which is related with the inhibition on caspase-3 expression.</p>