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Objective To explore the efficacy and side effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with different CD4+ cell counts.Methods The clinical data of HIV-infected patients who accepted TDF (tenofovir disoproxil fumarate) + 3TC (lamivudine) + EFV (efavirenz) treatment were retrospectively collected in Jiangmen region.All patients were divided into group A(350/μl ≤ CD4 + ＜ 500/μ1),group B (200/μl ≤ CD4 + ＜ 350/μl) and group C(CD4+ ＜ 200/μl)according to their CD4+ cell counts.The efficacy and side effects in different groups were compared.Results A total of 132 clinical cases was collected,including 32 cases in group A,42 cases in group B,and 58 cases in group C.No statistically difference was found among three groups in terms of gender,age,or route of transmission.CD4 + cell counts after treatment was significantly higher than that before treatment in each group (P ＜ 0.05).The increase of CD4 + cell counts in groups A,B,and C was 75.6 ± 52.1,80.5 ± 58.7,and 97.5 ± 78.7 after 6-month HAART,respectively ; and 71.4 ± 58.9,110.8 ± 71.6,and 113.7 ± 88.3 after 12-month HAART,respectively.Statistical analysis showed no significant difference among three groups (P ＞ 0.05).The incidence of side effects in groups A,B,and C was 4/32,14/42,and 32/58 in 3-month HAART,respectively; and 1/32,8/42,and 22/58 in 3 ～ 12 month HAART,respectively.Statistical analysis showed significant difference among three groups (group C ＞ group B ＞ group A,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions It was effective to begin the anti-retroviral treatment in all stages.The incidence of side effects may be less if anti-retroviral treatment began in early period.
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Objective To explore the effect of anti-retroviral therapy on interleukin(IL)-7/IL-7R in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infected patients in China.Methods Cases were divided into 2 groups:HIV-infected group (35 cases),and control group (30 cases).IL-7 in serum,IL-7R(CD127) expression in CD4 +T cells,and CD4 +T cells count were detected and compared between two groups before and after treatment for 1 year.Results IL-7 level in the serum of HIV infected group before treatment [(8.98 ±3.77) pg/ml] was significantly higher than that in control group [(3.84 ±0.86) pg/ml] (P ＜0.05).The counts of CD4+T cells [(202.65 ± 121.54)/μl],CD4 + CD127 + T cells [(60.25 ± 11.75) ％],and CD8 + CD127 + T cells [(46.27 ± 12.10)％] in HIV-infected group were significantly lower than those in control group [(766.99 ± 103.21)/L,(76.89 ± 20.01) ％,(81.27 ± 12.35)％] (P ＜0.05).After anti-retroviral therapy (ART),IL-7 level in the serum of HIV-infected group[(5.55 ± 1.35) pg/ml]was decreased,and CD4+T cells [(450.58 ± 15)/μl],CD4 + CD127 +T cells [(69.82 ± 15.24)％],and [CD8 + CD127 + T(59.23± 14.73) ％] cells was increased in HIV-infected group,with a significant difference between two groups (P ＜0.05).Conclusions ART could improve the IL-7 level in the serum and IL-7R(CD127)expression in CD4 +T cells of HIV-infected patients.However,they still cannot become normal level.
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Objective To investigate the expression and significance of programmed death-1 (PD-1) in cellular immune response of patients with tuberculosis (TB) infection .Methods Twenty drug-sensitive (DS) and fifteen drug-resistant (DR ) subjects with TB infection who were hospitalized in Jiangmen Central Hospital affiliated Sun Yat-Sen University and Jiangmen tuberculosis dispensary from July 2011 to July 2012 were included in this study . Twenty-six healthy subjects were included as control . The expressions of PD-1 on CD4 + and CD8 + T lymphocytes were measured using flow cytometry and plasma interferon-γ (IFN-γ) ,levels were analyzed before and after TB treatment for 3 months .Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for analysis of multiple independent samples and Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for analysis of paired samples . Pearson test was used for correlation analysis . Results After anti-TB chemotherapy ,the expressions of PD-1 on CD4 + and CD8 + T cells in both TB groups were significantly decreased (DS group :15 .99% vs 21 .59% and 11 .86% vs 18 .52% ;DR group :26 .64% vs 35 .47% and 29 .64% vs 34 .56% ) (both P 0 .05) .In DS group ,the expression of PD-1 on CD4 + T lymphocytes was negative correlated with plasma IFN-γ level both before and after anti-TB chemotherapy (pre-treatment : r = - 0 .510 , P < 0 .05 ; post-treatment : r = - 0 .520 , P< 0 .05 ) . Conclusions PD-1 modulates T cell function of immune response against TB infection in DS-TB subjects and plays a key regulatory role in CD4 + T lymphocyte mediated immunity during TB infection . However , the immunomodulatory mechanism of cell immunity in DR-TB subjects may be more complex .
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Abstract Objective:To observe and confirm the specific humoral and cellurar immune responses induced by the nucleic acid vaccinesencoding HBV PreS2+S of subtypes adw and adr and encoding HBcAg in H-2b mice. Methods: Twenty-three C57BL/6 (H-2b) mice were ran-domly divided into four groups:group pJW4303(group P); group pJW4303/MHBs/adw(group W); group pJW4303/MHBs/adr(group R) andgroup pJW4303/MHBs/adr+pJW4303/HBc(group R+C) .The imunization method is that each mouse was injected(i.m) into the quadriceps femurs muscles with the corresponding 100?g(100?l) of plasmid DNA at 0,2,4 w.ELISA determined the level of anti-HBs and anti-HBc an-tibody in each mouse sera and the concentrations of IEN-? and IL-4 culture supernatant of spleen cells.Antigen specific proliferation of mousesplenocytes was measured by 3 H-TdR incorporating assay and the stimulation index(SI) was calculated.Results:After the last immunization,anti-HBs antibody had been detected in all mice of group W,group R and group R+C.The titers of anti-HBs were ranged from 22 329 to665.5 mU/ml.There are very significant differences between DNA vaccine groups (group W,group R,group R+C) and control group (groupP)(P0.05).Anti-HBs was first de-tected in group R+C.After the first immunization of nucleic acid vaccine of pJW4303/HBc,anti-HBc antibody appeared in all mice of groupR+C. Neither anti-HBs nor anti-HBc antibody appeared in all nice of group R+C.Neither anti-HBs nor anti-HBc was detected in group P.The stimulation index(SI) represent the capacity of antigen specific mouse proliferation of splenocytes. HBsAg-specific SIs of mouse splenocytesfrom group W,group R and group R+C is hipe than that in group P(P