ABSTRACT
AIM To establish an HPLC method for the simultaneous content determination of saikosaponin a,saikosaponin c,saikosaponin d,rutin,quercetin,isorhmnetin and kaempferol in the aerial and underground parts of “Zhongchai No.2” (Bupleurum chinense DC.from Sichuan Province).METHODS The analysis of “Zhongchai No.2” methanol extract was performed on a 30 ℃ thermostatic Hypersil GOLD column (250 mm × 4.6mm,5.0 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of acetonitrile-0.1％ phosphoric acid flowing at 0.8 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and the detection wavelength was set at 210 nm.RESULTS Seven constituents showed good linear relationships within their own ranges (r≥0.999 1),whose average recoveries were 96.30％-102.7％ with the RSDs of 0.95％-3.8％.There were a lot of flavonoids in the aerial parts of samples,while a large number of saponins existed in the underground parts,but almost no flavonoids were found.CONCLUSION The aerial parts (stems and leaves) of “Zhongchai No.2” also have medicinal value,to which we should pay attention.
ABSTRACT
This study was aimed to establish the method of identifying bupleurum cultivated germplasm using simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular markers and to initially establish dataset of characteristic SSR bands to the bred cultivars or strains. From the bupleurum SSR primer pairs which were designed in previous work, 50 primer pairs were selected. Two bred strains and 4 other bupleurum cultivated germplasms were used as test materials. Primers pairs were screened with effective PCR amplification and high polymorphism. Meanwhile, conditions for PCR amplification and electrophoresis were optimized. Then, obtained SSR bands were analyzed and a clustering tree on the basis of genetic distance was constructed. The results showed that 9 SSR primer pairs can be used for identification. The suitable assay conditions were established and characteristic SSR bands were obtained for tested materials. The tested samples can be divided into 4 categories in the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.73. TheB. scorzonerifolium cultivated inHeilongjiang andChuanhongchaiNo. 1 strains were clustered as one category. ChuanbeichaiNo. 1 strain andZhongchai No. 1 cultivar clustered as another category. Cultivated germplasms fromSichuan Fengshunand Rongxian clustered as a unique category. It was concluded that the primer pairs and assay method established in the present study can be used as reference in identification of bupleurum cultivars or cultivated germplasms.
ABSTRACT
AIM:To explore the therapeutic effect of a novel Rho kinase inhibitor WAR 5 on the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and its possible mechanism.METHODS: Female C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into EAE group and WAR5 group.EAE model was induced by the application of MOG 35-55 peptide.WAR5 was in-jected intraperitoneally every other day from post-immunization (PI) day 3 to PI day 27.The clinical score and body weight were recorded every other day .On PI day 28, the animals were sacrificed and spinal cords were obtained for HE and mye-lin staining .The splenocytes were isolated and the expression of CD 16/32 and CD206 were analyzed by flow cytometry . The protein extracts from the brains and spinal cords were collected for the measurement of inducible nitric oxide synthase ( iNOS) by Western blotting .RESULTS:The administration of WAR 5 delayed the onset of EAE and attenuated the clini-cal symptoms .The results of the pathological examination revealed that WAR 5 inhibited the infiltration of inflammatory cells and improved myelination in spinal cords , accompanied with the poralization of M 1 macrophages to M2 phenotype in the spleen.WAR5 inhibited the expression of iNOS in the central nervous system , especially in the spinal cords .CON-CLUSION:The therapeutic effect of WAR5 on EAE may be related to the shift of M1 macrophages to M2 phenotype and inhibition of inflammation in the central nerve system .
ABSTRACT
GAP production of medicinal plants needs diseases' green control during their cultivation processes. In this article, The authors summarized the achievements in cultural control and biological control to crops' diseases, taking the characteristics of medicinal plants into account, we put out the notion of the green control to medicinal plants' diseases, and indicated that the green control for medicinal plants' diseases should combine with cultural control, modem phytopathology methods, biological control and essential pesticides, besides, we introduced some suggestions and the prospect, to provide a reference for green control of medicinal plants' diseases in their GAP production.
Subject(s)
Agriculture , Methods , Pest Control, Biological , Methods , Plant Diseases , Microbiology , Parasitology , Plants, Medicinal , Chemistry , Microbiology , ParasitologyABSTRACT
This article introduced the herbal medicine studies on Bupleurum in recent years, focused on the classification just like morphological and chemical classification, microscopic characteristics and molecular biology classification for Bupleurum. Identification combined with a variety of classification is the most effective method for Bupleurum. Due to the short supply of Bupleurum in the current market the current Bupleurum classification studies should focuses on combining pharmacological research to expand the Bupleurum's herbal sources.
Subject(s)
Bupleurum , Chemistry , Classification , Cell Biology , MicroscopyABSTRACT
Bupleurum chinense is a commonly used Chinese medicinal material, which has been used medicinally in China for over 2000 years, the development of it is of great value. There have been great advances of studies on its embryology and seed biology in recent years. In this paper, we make a review of the growth of its embryo and fruit, the characteristics of dormancy and storage and the germination of its seed. Besides, we summarize the reasons of its low germination rate and the achievements in improving the situation, for the purpose of providing reference in research on seed physiology of B. chinense.