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Objective@#To investigate the cumulative and sensitive period effects of family adversity on the outcome of psychopathological symptoms,so as to provide evidence for the prevention and intervention of adverse events.@*Methods@#A total of 710 adolescents were recruited from local schools in rural area of Fuyang,Anhui Province in Dec. 2017 by using the convenience sampling method. The Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire was used to assess family adversity. The MacArthur Health & Behavior Questionnaire was used to assess internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the association between number and time of family adversity and psychopathological symptoms.@*Results@#Persistent family adversity was associated with increased internalizing symptoms [(β(95%CI)=0.35(0.15-0.54)] and increased externalizing symptoms [β(95%CI)=0.16(0.01-0.32)]. 2 and ≥3 family adversities were associated with increased internalizing symptoms[β(95%CI)=0.20(0.04-0.36),0.42(0.24-0.60)]and increased externalizing symptoms[β(95%CI)=0.14(0.01-0.26),0.23(0.09-0.37)]. In childhood family adversity group,2 and ≥3 family adversities were associated with increased internalizing symptoms [β(95%CI)=0.23(0.06-0.41),0.34(0.11-0.58)] and increased externalizing symptoms [β(95%CI)=0.17(0.02-0.31),0.21(0.02-0.39)]. In persistent family adversity group,≥3 family adversities were associated with increased internalizing symptoms[β(95%CI)=0.56(0.31-0.82)] and increased externalizing symptoms [β(95%CI)=0.24(0.02-0.45)]. Adolescence family adversity was not associated with psychopathological symptoms.@*Conclusion@#The cumulative family adversity may increase the risk of psychopathological symptoms,and that childhood may be the sensitive period for family adversity to cause psychopathological symptoms.
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Objective To investigate the changes in myocardial proteomics in the late phase of limb ischemic preconditioning (LIP) in rats.Methods Twelve pathogen-free adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 8-9 weeks,weighing 260-280 g,were randomly assigned into LIP group (n=6) and control group (group C,n=6) using a random number table.Limb ischemia was preceded by 3 cycles of 5-min ischemia which was induced by ligation of the root of the right hindlimb with a rubber band followed by 5-min reperfusion in group LIP.At 24 h after LIP,the tissues were obtained from the left ventricle,and the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification technique and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry were applied to detect the differences in protein expression profiles between the two groups (the difference in expression between the two groups＞ 1.2 times and P＜0.05).The identified differentially expressed proteins were analyzed using the bioinformatics,and some were further verified by Western blot.Results A total of 55 proteins were identified to be differentially expressed,and among the 55 proteins,the expression of 35 proteins was up-regulated,and the expression of 20 proteins was down-regulated.Bioinformatics analysis showed that most of the 55 proteins were organelles,cell membrane or macromolecular compounds,were involved in the process such as metabolism,biological regulation,stress response and signal transduction,and showed functions such as the binding affinity to molecules,catalytic activity,anti-oxidant activity,and modulation of the activity of enzyme.The results verified by Western blot were consistent with those shown by using the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification analysis.Conclusion The late phase of LIP can induce changes in the expression of the 55 proteins involving regulation of energy metabolism,anti-oxidant action,regulation of gene expression,and protein folding and degradation in the myocardium,which may be the mechanism of myocardial protection in rats.
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Objective To observe the effect of resveratrol on cognitive impairment in rats after chronic cerebral hypoperfusion,and to explore the underlying antioxidant mechanism of resveratrol.Methods The chronic cerebral hypoperfusion model was induced by permanent occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries (2VO) in rats.Healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:sham-operated group,2VO group and 2VO+resveratrol group.Spatial learning and memory were assessed using the Morris water maze at 4 weeks after the occlusion.The levels of 4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and 8-Hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in the cortex and hippocampal CA1 areas were detected using immunohistochemistry staining,for reflecting the lipid peroxidation and oxidative DNA damage.Results The escape latencies from the third day to the fifth day were longer in 2VO group than in sham-operated group[(42.1+5.4)s vs.(25.1±3.3)s,(36.4±4.4)s vs.(12.4±3.3) s,(30.4±4.0)s vs.(8.1±3.4)s,q=10.91、14.54 and 14.07,all P ＜0.01],while the time spent in the object square was shorter in 2VO group than in sham-operated group[(12.9+2.5)s vs.(18.9+2.2)s,q=6.47,P＜0.01].Compared with 2VO group,the escape latencies in 2VO+resveratrol group from the third day to the fifth day were shorter[(29.5+4.0)s,(25.6±4.3)s and (19.8±4.2)s,q=7.71,6.22 and 6.37,all P＜0.01],while the time spent in the object square was longer[(16.5±1.8)s,q=3.83,P＜0.05].Compared with the shamoperated group,the mean integral optical density (IOD) of 4-HNE and 8-OHdG in the cortex and hippocampus CA1 area were increased in 2VO group (265.1 + 9.0 vs.168.2 + 6.0,37.8 + 5.0 vs.24.0+4.0,q=31.89 and 7.48,both P＜0.01).And in the 2VO+resveratrol group,the mean IOD of 4-HNE and 8-OHdG in the cortex and 8-OHdG in hippocampus CA1 area were lower than in 2VO group (195.1±7.0,26.0±4.3,q=23.03 and 6.49,both P＜0.01).Conclusions Resveratrol can improve the cognitive impairment in rats after chronic cerebral hypoperfusion,which may be related to preventing oxidative damage.