ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the characteristics of cognitive function and mental behavior symp-toms in patients with Parkinson′s disease dementia(PDD)and dementia with lewy body(DLB).Methods Forty-eight patients with DLB and 38 with PDD were collected in Tianjin Huanhu Hospital and Tianjin Jianhua Hospital. All patients were assessed on cognitive function and mental behavior symptoms using Montreal Cognitive Assess-ment Scale,Mini-Mental State Examination,Hamilton Depression Scale,Hamilton Anxiety Scale and The Neuro-psychiatric Inventory Questionnaire.The Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale-Part 3(UPDRSⅢ)and modified Hoehn Yahr staging were used to assess the severity of motor symptoms in patients. Results Scores of UPDRSⅢ,posture and gait disorder were higher in DLB group than those in PDD group but the score of tremor was lower in DLB group than that in PDD group. The proportions of non tremor onset and bilateral onset were also lower in DLB group than those in PDD group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Cognitive func-tion impairment was more serious in DLB group than that in PDD group in all cognitive fields including execution, attention,visual space,orientation and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). Hallucinations (81.3%)and irritability/emotional instability(62.5%)were more common in DLB group but apathy(76.9%),de-pression(73.7%)and anxiety(73.7%)were more common in PDD group. Conclusions Cognitive impairment is more progressive in DLB patients than that in PDD patients.Hallucinations and irritability/emotional instability are more common in DLB group but apathy,depression and anxiety are more common in PDD group.
ABSTRACT
Coronary stents are playing an effective way of curing cardiovascular diseases while a major drawback of restenosis is in general still present. Restenosis is resulting from neointimal hyperplasia and thrombosis which induced by the vascular lesion, hemodynamic modification and the reduction or oscillation of wall shear stress (WSS). The crucial factors that would determine the restenosis were reviewed in this paper, including the material bio-compatibilities, surface treatments, stent configuration designs and hemodynamics analyses. In particular, the hemodynamics after stents implantation based on in vivo, in vitro or Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methods was discussed. A novel CFD and experimental approach of dynamics in the stent-vascular coupling system was proposed.