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Ferroptosis is a newly discovered programmed death mode characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxide and reactive oxygen species and the increase of free iron, which involves biological processes including glutathione metabolism, iron metabolism, lipid metabolism and oxidative stress. Tumor metastasis is an important feature of tumor malignancy and one of the main causes of recurrence and death in cancer patients. Recent studies have demonstrated that iron death is closely related to tumorigenesis and development and suggested that ferroptosis inducers are expected to be a new strategy for the treatment of cancer metastasis. This paper reviews the regulatory mechanisms related to ferroptosis and its role in the tumor metastasis, invasion, circulation and colonization.
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Objective To evaluate the treatment outcomes and toxicities of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) combined with chemotherapy for children and adolescents with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods Forty-three nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients less than 19 years old were recruited between April 2010 and April 2016.All patients were treated with IMRT (total dose 61.2-76 Gy) combined with cisplatin based chemotherapy.The Kaplan-Meier test was used to calculate overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).The patient's clinical characteristics,side effects and longterm effects of treatment were retrospectively analyzed.Results Among 43 patients,there were 29 (67.4％) male and 14 (32.6％) female,and the median age was 14 years old (range,6-18 years).According to AJCC 7thstaging system,2 patients were in stage Ⅱ,26 in stage Ⅲ,7 in stage ⅣA and 8 in stage Ⅳ B.All patients were confirmed as non-keratinizing carcinoma.The positive rates of EB virus VCAIgA was 53.8％ (7/13),and Rta-IgG was 60.0％ (6/10) before treatment.The median radiation dose was 70 Gy (range,61.2-76 Gy) to the primary tumor.Thirty-three (76.7％) patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy,with 20 (46.5％) and 36 (83.7％) patients treated by concurrent and adjuvant chemotherapy,respectively.With a median follow-up of 24 months (range,3-76 months),the 5-year OS and PFS ratios were 75.3％ and 64.7％,respectively.There were 5 patients (11.6％) occurred to bone metastasis within 2 years after treatment.Hypothyroidism was reported in 47.4％ (9/19) patients after IMRT.Conclusions Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in childhood and adolescence is mostly locally advanced diseases with poor differentiation.IMRT combined with chemotherapy produce a well treatment outcome with good tolerance in children and adolescents patients.The most common treatment failure bone metastasis.Radiation-induced hypothyroidism is common.
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Objective To evaluate the value of interstitial magnetic resonance lymphography (MRL) to identify the sentinel lymph node (SLN) of breast cancer.Methods Totally 58 patients with invasive breast cancer were consecutive collected.15 mL of Gd-DTPA and 2 mL of mepivacain hydrochloride 2% were mixed and 0.5 mL of them was injected into the outside of the subareolar breast tissue.MRI was performed with Siemens 3.0 T Magnetom Trio MRI instrument using volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination sequence.Axillary lymph flow was tracked on maximum intensity projection (MIP) and sentinel lymph nodes were identified by interstitial MRL as M-SLN.All M-SLN were marked by a method of surface capsule localization.During surgery, methylene blue was used as tracer and SLNs stained by it were detected and excised by following the blue lymphatic vessels,these were designated as D-SLN.The numbers of SLNs detected by interstitial MRL and stained by methylene blue during operation were compared by paired samples rank-sum test and the correlation was analyzed by Spearman rank correlation test.Assessing the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of interstitial MRL for diagnosing M-SLN.Results A total of 75 M-SLNs (average 1.60 ± 0.52) were identified by interstitial MRL.During operation, all M-SLNs were easily resected under the guidance of skin marker.91 D-SLNs (average 1.94±0.63) were stained by methylene blue, which was significant more than those of the M-SLNs.There was a strong correlation (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient 0.69,P<0.001) between the SLNs identified by these two methods.Interstitial MRL in diagnosing D-SLN metastasis of breast cancer had a sensitivity of 95.8%,specificity of 88.9%,and accuracy of 93.3%.Conclusion Interstitial MRL can accurately identify the axillary sentinel lymph node and guide the biopsy.It may have great clinical value in the future.
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Objective To investigate the effects of resveratrol on epileptic seizure and cognitive impairment and the role of CREB in rats with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Methods TLE rat model was established by LiCl?pilocarpine injection and resveratrol was administrated at a dose of 15 mg/(kg · d) for 7 days. The rat behavior was evaluated by Racine scale and the CREB expression and phosphorylation in temporal cortex were detected with western blot. The Morris water maze was used to assess the learning and memory. Results Resveratrol administra?tion significantly reduced the Racine scales of TLE rats. The CREB phosphorylation in TLE group was increased compared with that in control group, which was remarkably inhibited by resveratrol. The escape latency of TLE group was increased at 4th, 5th and 6th day after training, and time in target quadrant was reduced compared with that in control group. Resveratrol significantly decreased latency time and increased target quadrant time of TLE rats. Conclusion In TLE rats, resveratrol administration suppresses epileptic seizure and improves cognitive function, which might be mediated by inhibition of CREB phosphorylation.
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Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of aggressive fibromatosis after thyroidectomy.Methods One patient who were admitted into our hospital on January 16,2014 were discovered to have left cervical mass at the regular follow-up 8 months after opertaion.The ultrasonic examination showed that there were low echo area of 58 mm ×30 mm in the 3 ~5 muscular layer at the left neck. And it was diagnosed as aggressive fibromatosis through the puncture disease inspection.Whereafter,the patient were readmitted into hospital and recieved radical resection of the tumor on left side of the neck.The clinical,pathological and radiological data of the patient were collect-ed and analyzed so ao to discuss the diagnosis and treatment experience combined with related literatures.Results Postoperative pathologic examination confirmed that it was aggressive fibromatosis.The patient was actively cooperated with perioperative treatment,and the postoperative recovery was good with no local recurrence during the follow-up up to now.Conclusion Early diagnosis and surgical treatment are needed for patients with aggressive fibromatosis after thyroidectomy.
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Objective To screen endophytic fungal strains isolated from wild Huperzia serrata which can highly produce hu?perzine A. Methods The strain producing huperzine A was identified through thin layer chromatography(TLC)and high-perfor?mance liquid chromatography(HPLC)with authentic huperzine A. The fungus was identified according to its morphological character?istics and nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS sequence. Results The strain was identified as Fusarium oxysporum NSG-1 according to its morphological characteristics and nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS sequence. The amount of huperzine A produced by the fermentation li?quor of this endophytic fungus was quantified to be 1.11 mg/100 ml by HPLC,which was higher than that of previously reported endo?phytic fungi. Conclusion Endophytic fungus producing high huperzine A can be obtained from H. serrata. The production of huper?zine A based on mutagenesis and transformation of the obtained strain may adapt to the industry production.
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Objective To explore effects of endoscopic subtotal thyroidectomy on nodular goiter and its clinical significance.Methods From Jun.2004 to Dec.2009,72 patients with nodular goiter underwent endoscopic subtotal thyroidectomy in Southwest Hospital.Of the 72 cases,22 cases had left-side nodule,31 cases had right-side nodule and 19 cases had bilateral nodules.Single thyroid nodule occurred in 41 cases and multiple nodules in 31 cases.The total number of nodules was 113.The average nodule size was 2.8 cm(ranging from 0.4 to 6.3 cm).Results Of the 72 cases,19 patients underwent bilateral subtotal thyroidectomy and the mean operative time was 97 min(ranging from 80 to 150 min).53 patients underwent unilateral subtotal thyroidectomy and the mean operative time was 65 min(ranging from 25 to 120 min).The mean intraoperative blood loss was 45 ml (ranging from 5 to 120 ml).Of the 72 cases,68 cases were given cervical plexus block regional anesthesia and among them 66 cases(97%)acquired good anesthesia.Temporary hoarse voice occurred in 2 cases and postoperative bleeding occurred in the subcutaneous tunnel of breast in 2 cases.Patients were followed up from 3 to 5years and the cosmetic result was satisfactory.The postoperative review half year later showed that unilateral nodule recurred in 1 case and the recurrence rate was 1.4%.Conclusions Endoscopic subtotal thyroidectomy through anterior chest wall or breast approach under local anesthesia is a safe and effective treatment in nodular goiter.In the process of dissecting thyroid,blunt maneuver and proper use of ultrasonic knife instead of clamping thyroid nodules directly are recommended in order to reduce intraoperative blood loss and enhance safe practice.
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Objective To evaluate the prognostic value of the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and nm23 in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods From 2003 to 2006, 127 NPC patients who had undergone biopsy before radiotherapy were reviewed retrospectively. All patients received intensity-modulated radiotherapy using 6 MV X-rays combined with platinum-based chemotherapy. Immunohistochemistry SP method was adopted to detect the expression of EGFR and nm23 in NPC biopsy specimens . The relationship between the expression of EGFR and nm23 and survival was analyzed. Results The positive rate of EGFR and nm23 were 80.3% and 47. 2% respectively. The nm23expression was correlated with distant metastasis (χ2=7.03, P = 0. 008 ). The 5-year estimated local control, over-all survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were 58.3% ,53.5% and 46. 5%. Patients with negative expression of EGFR had a significantly better 5-year OS, DFS (χ2=8.23, P=0.004;χ2=5.25,P=0.022) than those with positive expression. Patients with positive expression of nm23 had a significantly higher 5-year OS (χ2=15.68, P = 0. 000) and DFS (χ2=14. 85, P = 0. 000) than those with negative expression. The clinical stage, EGFR and nm23 expression were independent prognostic factors shown by Cox proportional hazard model (χ2=23.03, 18.33, 39.92, P= 0.000, 0.000, 0.000).Conclusions The EFGR and nm23 expression were correlated with the prognosis in NPC patients.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of c-jun on hCG-induced testosterone secretion in isolated rat Leydig cells by antisense oligodeoxynucleotides(ASODNs).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>c-jun ASODNs were used to antagonise the effects of c-jun, hCG was used to induce the testosterone secretion of LC cultured in vitro and testosterone was measured by radioimmunoassay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The testosterone secretion of LC in vitro could be induced by hCG, which was a good model for the functional study of LC. c-jun ASODNs decreased the hCG-induced testosterone secretion of LC in a dose-dependent manner(P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It is suggested that c-jun proto-oncogene enhances the testosterone secretion of LC.</p>
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Animals , Male , Rats , Cells, Cultured , Chorionic Gonadotropin , Pharmacology , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Leydig Cells , Bodily Secretions , Oligonucleotides, Antisense , Pharmacology , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun , Physiology , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Testosterone , Bodily SecretionsABSTRACT
Objective To explore the relationship between the expression of pS2 protein and the clinicopathological parameters in breast cancer and to evaluate the value of pS2 as a prognostic factor for breast carcinoma and a predictive factor for response to endocrine therapy. Methods Expression levels of pS2 protein, estrogen receptor (ER) and progestogen receptor (PR) in tissues from 75 cases of breast cancer were detected by immunohistochemical assay. The relationship of pS2 protein expression with patient age, menopausal status, tumor size, metastasis to the axillary lymph nodes, pathological types, ER and PR was analyzed. Results pS2 protein, expressed in 33.3% of breast carcinomas, was correlated with patient age and pathological types, but was not correlated with tumor size. The positive rate of pS2 protein before menopause was higher than that after menopause, but no significant difference was found. Similarly, higher positive rate of pS2 protein was found in patients with metastasis to axillary lymph nodes than those without, but no significant difference was found. pS2 expression was correlated with ER and PR, but they were not perfectly consistent. Conclusion In breast cancer, pS2 protein expression, associated with some clinical factors and pathological features, is a good prognostic factor. pS2 expression may be a reasonable index for endocrinotherapy of breast carcinoma, but the detection of pS2 protein can not be employed in place of the detection of ER and PR.
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Objective To summarize the clinical experiences in partial splenectomy for the treatment of splenic injuries Methods The indications, surgical procedures and surgical outcomes of a total of 105 cases undergoing partial splenectomy for splenic injuries in Southwest Hospital in the past 16 years were analyzed retrospectively Results Sixty seven cases(63 8%) suffered from isolated splenic injury According to splenic injury scale, grade Ⅰ (13, 11 4%), grade Ⅱ (56, 53 3%), gradeⅢ (28, 26 7%) and grade Ⅳ(8, 7 6%) were found in 105 cases of splenic injuries Surgical procedures included segmental splenectomy in 41 cases, hemi splenectomy in 35 cases, subtotal splenectomy in 29 cases and autotransplantation of splenic tissue in 21 cases of splenic injury in children There was no in hospital death in all cases Severe complications of subdiaphragmatic fluid collection and infection occurred in 3 cases, but the patients were cured by conservative treatment Conclusion Partial splenectomy is a safe and reasonable choice for selected patients with splenic injury
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Objective To investigate the feasibility of internal mammary sentinel node(SN) biopsy and internal mammary lymph chain excision under thoracoscope. Methods Six small pigs were used for the experiment.The small pigs were intubated using a double lumen endotracheal tube and kept anesthetized with ketamine.Methylene blue(4 ml) was injected subdermally into both of the first pair of breast.The sentinel node biopsy and internal mammary lymph chain dissection was performed thoracoscopically using a harmonic scalpel.Time of the appearance of the first blue-stained node and the dissection procedure were recorded respectively.Results Thoracoscopic internal mammary sentinel node dissection and internal mammary lymph chain excision was performed successfully in all the 6 pigs(12 sides).The time of the appearance of the first blue-stained sentinel node was 5~15 min(mean,8.9 min),the time of thoracoscopic biopsy was 15~50 min(mean,30.4 min),and the time of internal mammary lymph chain excision was 30~56 min on the left side and 22~48 min on the right side(mean,38.2 min),respectively.No bleeding,lung injuries,and other surgical complications occurred. Conclusions Thoracoscopic internal mammary sentinel node dissection and internal mammary lymph chain excision is feasible,easy to perform,and minimally invasive.
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Objective To explore the surgical skill, safety, and cosmetic outcomes of complete endoscopic subcutaneous mastectomy and immediate reconstruction with implants for breast cancer. Methods From August 2004 to September 2007, 31 women with breast cancer received complete endoscopic subcutaneous mastectomy and immediate reconstruction with implants in our hospital after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The operation spaces were established by insufflating carbon dioxide after lipolysis and liposuction in the subcutaneous stratum and retromammary space. Subcutaneous mastectomy was carried out under a complete endoscope, sentinel lymph node biopsy or axillary lymph node dissection, and immediate reconstruction with implants were carried out via axillary small incision. Results The operations were completed in all of the 31 cases. Sentinel lymph node biopsy was performed on 15 cases (including supplemental axillary lymph node dissection in 8), and immediate axillary lymph node dissection was done in 16 cases. No cancer infiltration on tumor surface or into the nipple basement was observed in frozen sections during the operation. In one patient, the nipple was partly necrotic. No other complications were found in this series. Three months after the operation, cosmetic results were good in 22 cases (71.0%), average in 7 (22.6%), and poor in 2 (6.4%). The patients were followed for 3 months to 3 years (over 1 year in 15 patients), during which no one had metastasis or recurrence of the tumor. Conclusions Complete endoscopic subcutaneous mastectomy combined with immediate reconstruction with implants is less traumatic and safe with few complications and good cosmetic result. The method is a good choice for patients with early-stage breast cancer.
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Objective To investigate the effects of acellular allo-dermis for repairing skin defects in clinic.Methods A total of 78 cases were studied in this article. All of these patients were treated by acellular allo-dermis plus autologous epiderm skin complex grafts. Among these patients, 10 patients were injuried with skin,and soft tissue avulsion, 23 patients with limbs eschar wounds caused by burn,and after scar excision,45 patients with wounds undergoing plastic operations. Results 78 cases had satisfactory effects in appearance and functions. The complex skin grafts of 69 cases among all the 78 cases were alive. The complex skin grafts of the other 9 cases were partially skin sheet alive. Conclusions Acellular allo-dermis is an ideal skin surrogate, it has good tissue elasticity and tolerance. It can not only ensure the appearance and functions similar to thicker skin graft, but also reduce scar produce in donor site.
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Objective To explore surgical approach for internal mammary node biopsy in patients with breast cancer. Methods Modified radical mastectomy and incised intercostal muscles for internal mammary node biopsy was performed on 113 patients. The distance from the internal mammary artery to the lateral sternal border, and the intercostal distance between the two costal cartilage were measured. Anatomical location and maximal diameter of the excised nodes were recorded. Results The internal mammary artery runs through intercostal space along the lateral sternal border. The distance from the internal mammary artery to the lateral sternal border was (10. 9?4. 5) mm, (11.6?2.9) mm, (9.6?3.6) mm and (4.5?3.5) mm in the first, second, third and fourth intercostal space, respectively. The distance between the two costal cartilage was (14. 2?4. 1) mm, (16. 2?4. 2) mm, (13. 9?4. 3) mm and (9.9?3. 6) mm in the first,second, third and fourth intercostal space, respectively. Two hundred and seventy-nine internal mammary nodes were excised from 113 patients. The anatomical location of the internal mammary nodes which embedded in the fatty tissue surrounding internal mammary artery were 41. 2% at the medial side, 51. 6% at the lateral side and 7. 2% in an anterior plane to the internal mammary artery. Metastases in the internal mammary node were detected in 26 patients. The lymph nodes metastasis were detected only in the internal mammary nodes in 5 cases. Conclusion Internal mammary node biopsy via intercostal space is a feasible, minimally traumatic, low-risk procedure.
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AIM: To establish a RP HPLC method to determine the content of alliin in Allium sativum Linn. METHODS: Chromatographic separation was performed on ODS column with a mobile phase composed of methanol water (3∶7 by volume). The eluate was monitored at 214nm wavelength. RESULTS: The average recovery of sample for alliin was 98.7%, The RSD of within day was 1.1%. The RSD of between day was 1.9%. CONCLUSION: The method is simple, rapid with good suitability.
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Objective To study the expressions of estrogen receptor(ER)and progesterone receptor(PR)in elderly patients with breast cancer,and the correlation between their expressions and clinicopathological characteristics.Methods The expressions of ER and PR in 110 elderly patients with breast cancer(over 60 years old)from 1995 to 2004 were detected,and their clinical and pathological features were analyzed retrospectively.Another 110 patients aging 30 to 59 years with breast cancer served as control.Results Breast cancer in aged and non-elderly group had similar pathohistological types,but the aged had more tumors with low-grade malignant types.ER and PR were found to be over-expressed in elderly patients but not in the control.No obvious correlation was seen with clinical pathological stages.The expression levels of ER and PR in 0-3 positive nodes group was higher than ≥4 positive nodes group.Conclusion Elderly patients and non-elderly patients have similar pathohistological types of breast cancer.The former have higher expressions of ER and PR,and their expressions are associated with axillary lymph node status.