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With the improvement of sanitation, the infection rate of hookworm is greatly reduced and the severe infected case is rarely reported. Combined morphological and molecular biological examinations, a severe hookworm infection patient was diagnosed in Department of Laboratorial Examination, Quanzhou First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University. The morphological methods such as direct fecal smear microscopy, saturated brine flotation and hookworm larvae culture methods were used to identify the eggs and larvae from stool samples of the patient. There were a large number of hookworm eggs in patient's stool samples, and the average count was 60 840 per gram by modified Kato method, which belonged to severe hookworm infection. Meanwhile, to distinguish the hookworm species, the semi-nested RT-PCR assay was employed to detect hookworm internal transcribed spacer series from eggs in patient's stool samples, and the result showed that the hookworm species was confirmed to be Necator americanus.
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Animals , Humans , Ancylostomatoidea/genetics , Feces , Hookworm Infections/diagnosis , Necator americanus/genetics , Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
Objective To establish a simple and rapid detection technique for Oncomelania infected with Schistosoma japonicum(SJ), with high sensitivity and good specificity .Methods The gene fragment of SJ was amplified by PCR , and cloned into the T-vector to construct positive-reference.An isothermal nucleic acid amplification reaction system for detecting Oncomelania infected with SJ was set up , and its sensitivity was analyzed by detecting positive-reference diluted according to geometric proportion , and its specificity by detecting the genomic DNA of relative samples .Then, a corresponding means of purifying nucleic acid was designed to assemble a reagent detecting Oncomelania infected with SJ . This reagent was validated by detecting Oncomelania samples.Results The 213 bp amplified products were obtained and used to construct recombination T-vector for positive reference .An isothermal nucleic acid amplification reaction system was set up for detecting Oncomelania infected with SJ , and the amplification results could be simply determined by color change, with better sensitivity and specificity .The reagents for detecting Oncomelania infected with SJ were assembled , which could detect samples containing only 1% infected Oncomelania.Conclusion A visible detection method for Oncomelania infected with SJ is successfully established and validated .
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Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of patients with advanced schistosomiasis in Hunan Province,so as to provide the evidence for formulating the advanced schistosomiasis prevention strategies and measures. Meth-ods The data of advanced schistosomiasis patients were collected and analyzed retrospectively with the cross section research method and description method in Hunan Province,2012. Results There were 5 722 advanced schistosomiasis patients in Hu-nan Province,and among them,4 112 patients were male(71.86%),and 1 610 were female(28.14%). Totally 5 311 patients came from the schistosomiasis endemic areas(92.82%)and 411 patients from non-schistosomiasis endemic areas(7.18%). The prevalence rate of advanced schistosomiasis was 8.46/10 000. The mean age of advanced schistosomiasis patients was 60.30 ± 11.63 years,and the youngest was 17 years old and the oldest 92 years old. In the age composition of advanced schistosomiasis pa-tients,the greatest number of cases was in the 60-70 years age group (32.72%). There were 3 595 cases of ascites type (62.83%),2107 cases of splenomegaly type(36.82%),11 cases of dwarf type(0.16%),and 11 cases of colon proliferation type (0.35%). Conclusion The prevalence rate of advanced schistosomiasis is relatively stable in Hunan Province,and the age of the patients showed an old aging trend. The salvation of advanced schistosomiasis patients in non-endemic areas should be strength-ened.
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OBJECTIVE@#To determine the immune-protective effect of Japan Schistosoma (Chinese mainland strain) 23 kD membrane protein-heat shock protein (SjC23-Hsp70) DNA vaccine plus adjuvantinduced interleukin-12 (IL-12) plasmid DNA on Schistosoma japonicum infection in water buffalos.@*METHODS@#Forty-five health water buffalos (8-10 months old) in non-endemic area of schistosomiasis were randomly assigned into group A (SjC23-Hsp70+IL-12, 300 μg), group B (SjC23+IL-12, 300 μg) and group C (pVAX+IL-12, 300 μg), 15 in each group. Each buffalo was immuned by shoulder intramuscular injection for 3 times, at an interval of 28 days. Twenty-eight days after the last immunization, each buffalo was infected with 1000 Japan cercariae of Schistosoma. Fecal examinations were conducted 2 days and 1 day before the perfusion, and on the day of perfusion. The number of hatching miracidia and eggs per gram feces was recorded. Fifty-six days after the infection, the buffalos were sacrificed and perfused via the descending aorta. The recovered adult worms and eggs in the liver tissue were counted.@*RESULTS@#We compared group A and B with group C: the estrogen reduction rate was 45.7% and 26.61%; bug reduction rate was 44.51% and 25.84%; the fecal egg reduction rate was 41.1% and 31.63%; the miracidium reduction rate was 48.11% and 38.07%; and the liver egg reduction rate was 43.39% and 31.95%. The above rates in group A were higher than those in group B (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#SjC23-Hsp70 DNA vaccine combined with IL-12 may have a significant immunoprotective effect on buffalos.
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Animals , Cattle , Antigens, Helminth , Allergy and Immunology , Buffaloes , HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins , Genetics , Allergy and Immunology , Helminth Proteins , Allergy and Immunology , Immunization , Methods , Interleukin-12 , Genetics , Allergy and Immunology , Membrane Proteins , Allergy and Immunology , Schistosomiasis japonica , Allergy and Immunology , Vaccines, DNA , Allergy and Immunology , Vaccines, Synthetic , Allergy and ImmunologyABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo observe the dynamics of antibodies and protection against Schistosoma japonicum infections in buffaloes after immunized with recombinant 26 kDa glutathione S transferase (reSjc26GST). Methods Buffaloes in 2 villages endemic for schistosomiasis japonica were selected as test and control groups, respectively.In test group initially 96 buffaloes were vaccinated with reSjc26GST, and 90 buffaloes in the control group did not experience vaccination. The indicators included levels of antibodies to reSjc26GST in buffaloes before and after infection with S japonicum and changes in infection rate. Results Specific antibodies, which showed a trend of trapezoid increase, were induced in buffaloes after immunized with reSjc26GST. Twenty months after immunization, the infection rate of the test group was decreased by 62 2% when compared with that before vaccination,and by 67 7% when compared with that of the control in the corresponding period.Conclusion Specific antibodies and a certain extent of protection were induced in buffaloes after immunized with reSjc26GST, which played an significant role in ameliorating morbidity.
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Objective To understand the morbidity of schistosomiasis japonica and health status of the liver and spleen of residents in a village and to evaluate the application of ultrasound on schistosomiasis epidemiology. Methods A total of 454 residents aged 5-65 years were examined by methods of Kato-Katz and ultrasound as well as disease history inquiry. Results The positive rate was 9.38% by stool examination, with no significant difference between males and females. The intensity of the infection among population was 5.70 eggs per gram of stool (EPG), with significant difference between males and females. The stool positive rate and EPG in farmers and students were the highest. Among 10.66% of the males and 8.10% of the females, as well as in 23.81% of the stool positive and 8.31% of the stool negative, the parenchyma of the liver was abnormal(≥GradeⅡ),with significant difference between males and females and between the stool positive and the stool negative. The abnormal rate of liver parenchyma went up with the age. Conclusion Ultrasound can evaluate the health status of inhabitants with schistosomiasis japonica and improve the compliance rate of residents to praziquantel chemotherapy.
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0.05), and the all had significant differences in 2 to 4 months post-infection compared with the normal controls (P