ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the effect of indoxyl sulfate (IS) on the differentiation, maturation and immunological function of human monocyte derived dendritic cells (mDCs), in order to provides evidence for mechanism of IS in atherosclerosis. Methods Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated by double gradient centrifugation were cultured for immature mDCs by rhGM?CSF and rhIL?4 in vitro. All cases were randomly divided into PBS group, LPS group(1 μg/mL), IS.1 group(30 μmol/L), IS.2 group(300 μmol/L)and IS.3 group (600 μmol/L). The phenotypic maturation of mDCs was evaluated by flow cytometry (FCM) and functional maturation of mDCs was analyzed by measuring FITC?dextran uptake and ELISA. Results IS significantly upregulated the expression of CD80, CD83, CD86 and MHC II key membrane molecules on mDCs, while downregulating phagocytosis and increasing the secretion of IL?12p70 by mDCs (P<0.05). And the LPS and IS showed typical morphology with rough surface, long protrusions and fusiform. 300 μmol/L IS is the most appropriate stimulus concentration. Conclusion Stuctural, phenotypic and functional maturation of dendritic cells derived from human monocytes can be induced by indoxal sulphate at defined concentrations, which may be one of the mechanisms involved in the process of atherosclerosis.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the mechanism of interaction between cardiac and renal failure and observe the protective effects of Zhenwu decoction on cardio-renal syndrome rats. Methods The rats were divided into five groups: Sham group, MI (myocardial infarction) group, MI merger STNx group, MI intervention group, MI merger STNx intervention group. The first three groups were fed with saline (NS) for two weeks after surgery. The latter two groups of rats were fed with an equal volume of Zhenwu decoction. The cardiac function of rats in each group were evaluated , including the mass of heart , left ventricle and left kidney weights as a ratio of body weight, fractional shortening and left ventricular ejection fraction. And serum levels of indoxyl sulfate and serum creatinine were also achieved. Results MI merger STNx could further aggravate the heart function, kidney function and left ventricular remodeling in rats. Zhenwu decoction could obviously improve the heart function, kidney function and left ventricular remodeling in rats. Conclusions Based on the MI models, STNx can worsen heart function and kidney function. Zhenwu decoction can significantly improve heart function and kidney function.