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Objective In order to analyze of poisoning causes,a new method was established utilizing hydrophilic liquid chromatography-tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (HILIC-MS/MS) coupled with dispersive solid phase extraction for rapid qualitative and quantitative analysis of tetrodotoxin in nassarius and shellfish.Methods Sample (1.0 g) was extracted with 0.1％ acetic acid in boiling water bath,purified by dispersive solid phase extraction with 50 mg hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB),5 mg graphitized carbon black (GCB) and protein precipitation with acetonitrile,and then filtered through a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane.The analytes were separated on a HILIC column,and detected in selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode via positive electrospray ionization.The matrix matching and external standard method was used for quantification.Results Tetrodotoxin showed good linearity in the concentration range between 2.0 and 40.0 ng/ml,the correlation coefficient was higher than 0.999.The detection limit of tetrodotoxin in seafood was 10.0 pg/kg.The rates of recovery varied between 74.2％ and 87.9％ with relative standard deviations from 2.3％ to 9.1％ at spiked concentrations of 25,100 and 200 pg/kg.The proposed method was applied in the detection of tetrodotoxin in shellfish and nassarius from coastal cities of Zhejiang Province.Conclusion The method was accurate,fast,easy to operate,which could meet the requirements of public health emergency testing or routine testing.
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Objective To explore the association between immunoglobulin G (IgG) glycosylation and central obesity in a Chinese population. Methods We recruited 517 Chinese individuals from a community-based cohort in the Xicheng District, Beijing, China. The height, weight, waist circumference, and hip circumference were measured, and blood samples were collected. Plasma IgG N-glycome was determined using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC). Central obesity was determined using the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Men and women with a WHR>0.90 and >0.80, respectively were assigned to the central obese group,and those with a WHR≤0.90(men)and≤0.80(women)were assigned to the normal group.The correlation between WHR and glycosylation was determined using the standardized regression coefficient,and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results The study included 517 participants,with an average age of(47.81±5.58)years(range:27-68 years),and 164(31.70%)of them were men. The central obese and normal groups included 205 (39.65%) and 312 (60.35%) participants, respectively. The average age for the central obese group (49.21 ± 5.70) years was higher than that for the normal group (46.89 ± 5.30) years, and the difference was statistically significant (t=-4.73, P=0.001). The two groups showed no significant differences in the sex of the participants(χ2=0.34,P=0.558).Twenty-four N-glycan traits(GP1-GP24)were directly measured,and because of the high variability among the repeated measurements and the unknown structures, GP3 and GP20 were excluded from the analysis. The peak contents for GP4,GP8,GP14,and GP18 were higher than the others and accounted for about 50% of all the peak contents. IgG GP10 (b'=0.076, P=0.024) positively correlated with WHR, whereas IgG GP12, GP17, GP22 negatively correlated with WHR(b'=-0.076,-0.081,-0.080,all P<0.05).Additionally,the IgG GP12, GP17,and GP22(P=0.001,0.004 and 0.033,respectively)were significantly lower in the participants of the central obese group,compared to those of the normal group. Conclusion The loss of galactose and sialic acid,as well as the addition of fucose to IgG N-glycan,correlate with increased WHR.
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Objective:To study the vertical and horizontal proportions in facial area and the difference between Han and Kazak normal adults in Xinjiang area.Methods:According to certain standards,the adult Han and Kazak college students in Urumqi were randomly selected.Frontal photographs were taken for the subjects in accordance with the same standards.The data were imported into computer, and 20 standard anthropometric marks were determined,then 1 5 measurements were performed by photoshop soft ware,1 9 proportion i-tems of the mesurements was established.Independent sample t-test was applied for statistic analysis by SPSS1 9.0.Results:The face of the males was shorter and wider than that of the females.The males have smaller fissure width and bigger alar width than the females. However,the Han subjects have smaller fissure width and mouth width,bigger alar width and intercanthal width than the Kazak.Con-clusion:This study suggests that facial proportions were significantly different between the two nationalities and between sexes in Xin-jiang.
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Objective:To study the face profile difference between the Han and Kazak normal youths.Methods:College students of Han and Kazak aged 18-22 years,including 152 Han subjects(58 males and 94 females)and 155 Kazak subjects(62 males and 93 fe-males)in Urumqi were randomly selected.Profile photos were taken for every subject in accordance with same standards respectively. The data were import into computer.Photoshop software was used for measuring the profiles.Independent sample T test was applied for data analysis by SPSS 19.0.Results:Lip protrusion of the males was larger than that of the females and tip of nose was more upward in the females than that in the males in both Han and Kazak subjects.However,the Han subjects have more protruding lips,smaller chin and more upward nose tip compared with the Kazak subjects.Conclusion:This study suggests that there were significant differences of face profile between the two nationalities and sexes in Xinjiang.
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In order to verify the origin relations of Zhouhou Emergency and modern clinical medicine in emergency treatments,we choose Zhouhou Emergency as study object,and try to verify four treatments including artificial respiration,urethral catheterization,surgical infection and hemostasis. Through tracing back to the initiation and developing history of modern medical technique,it fixes its position in modern emergency treatments,and affirms the important roll of Chinese ancient books in promoting the techniques of modern emergency science.
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Objective:To observe the color change of tooth i nduced by hydrogen peroxide gel. Method:12 extracted teeth were randomly assigned to two groups (n=6) and treated with 350 g/L and 75 g/L hy drogen peroxide gel respectively. One of the 6 samples in each group was used as the control. The bleaching gel was placed onto the enamel surface of the sample s. In 350 g/L gel group digital photographs were taken just before,10 and 30 min after the process, in 75 g/L gel group digital photographs were taken before an d 1.5?N(N=0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7) hours after the process respectively. All photograph s were taken at the same illuminating conditions and photographic parameters wer e analyzed with Photoshop7.0 software. Results:10.5 h after trea tment in the 75 g/L gel group L *, a * and b * values on the teeth surface were in creased(+) or decreased(-) by +4.5,-1.4 and -0.5,those on the inner sections 2.7 ,-1.0 and -0.8,respectively. 30 min after treatment in the 350 g/L gel group L *, a * and b * values on the teeth surfaces were increased(+) or decreased (-) by +1.9,-0.6 and 0,those on the inner sections +0.4,-0.4 and -0.6,respectively. Conclusion:Effective bleaching effect may be obtained in 10~30 min b y 75 g/L or 350 g/L hydrogen peroxide gel on teeth surface and in inner dentin. 75 g/L hydrogen peroxide bleaching gel may produce more reliable and save effect than 350 g/L.