ABSTRACT
AIM:To compare the refractive errors measured by the VISX WaveScan, OPD - Scan Ⅲ and the subjective refraction. METHODS: Seventy - six patients ( 152 eyes ) were recruited from January 2013 to December 2013. All patients were measured with subjective refraction by the phoropter (NIDEK, RT-5100), objective refraction by the WaveScan ( AMO Company, USA) , OPD-ScanⅢ ( Nidek Technologies, Japan). The sphere, cylinder, axis of the three methods were compared and analyzed. RESULTS: The sphere measured by WaveScan was lower than that by subjective refraction, the difference was 0. 13±0. 30D (t=3. 753, P0. 05). The value of the difference between WaveScan and subjective refraction was 5. 87o±6. 19o for the axis and the difference between OPD-Scan Ⅲ and subjective refraction was 3. 82o±3. 95o. There was statistic significance (t=2. 817, P=0. 006). CONCLUSION: For sphere and cylinder, WaveScan generated some deviation relative to subjective refraction. The Nidek OPD-ScanⅢ gives more accurate measures of objective refraction when compared with subjective refraction.
ABSTRACT
Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. is recorded by the pharmacopoeias of many countries to have such bioactivities as antioxidant, anti-hepatocirrhosis, anti-inflammation, immunomodulation and liver regeneration. It has been used clinically to treat hepatitis, fatty liver, liver cirrhosis, ischemic damage, radiation injury, etc. With silybin entering the phase II clinical trial as an anti-cancer drug, its correlative investigations including derivatives preparation, structure-activity relationship (SAR) detection, and the detailed action mechanisms have been developing rapidly. Recently, the new synthetic strategy of silybin and dehydrosilybin (DHS) along with their anti-HSV (herpes simple virus) activity has also been reported. This paper reviews about one hundred preparative derivatives of silybin and DHS which appeared in recent years, with the emphasis on their pharmacological activity and the results of their SAR. The future development direction of structural modification of silybin and DHS is also discussed and predicted.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To determine changes of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) in serum samples from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients and to evaluate the value of these molecules as possible etiologic factors for BPH.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The serum IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels were measured with immunoradiometric assay(IRMA) in 64 cases of BPH and in 30 healthy subjects as controls. The cases of BPH were divided into 3 groups according to the prostate volume(PV). There were 18 cases(PV < or = 30 ml) in group A, 24 cases(PV31 approximately 50 ml) in group B, 22 cases(PV > or = 50 ml) in group C.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were no statistical differences between the levels of Both IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in BPH groups and healthy groups (both P > 0.05), but there were statistical differences among three groups of BPH. Both IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels in group C of BPH were significantly higher than those in group A (both P < 0.05). A positive correlation between the serum levels of IGF-1 and PV displayed(r = 0.58), as well as IGFBP-3 (r = 0.48).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Together these observations implicate IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 as important factors during the progression of BPH. It shows the value of non-operation treatment for this disease.</p>