ABSTRACT
The role of autophagy is known to be highly complex and context-dependent, and may be characterized as both tumor suppression and tumor promotion in some tumors, such as breast cancer and prostate cancer. This review outlines recent advances in the studies of the involvement of autophagy in the development, progression and treatment of prostate cancer, focusing on autophagy modulation during androgen deprivation, with a special discussion on the regulatory effect of androgens on the autophagy of prostate cancer cells. A critical evaluation and analysis of the studies suggests that autophagy inhibition combined with androgen deprivation therapy is a promising approach to the treatment of prostate cancer.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Autophagy , Prostatic NeoplasmsABSTRACT
Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of the non-protein coding part of human genome in carcinogenesis and metastasis of prostate cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a key regulatory role in prostate cancer biology. LncRNAs are dysregulated in prostate cancer and the expression levels of certain lncRNAs are associated with the recurrence, metastasis and prognosis of cancer. It is also proved that lncRNAs, as oncogenes, can promote carcinogenesis and development of prostate cancer. This review focuses on the progress in the studies of lncRNAs in prostate cancer.