The value of fecal calprotectin in predicting endoscopic activity and severity of ulcerative colitis / 医学研究生学报

Objective The invasive colonoscopy is an important method for evaluating the severity of intestine and the muco-sal healing in ulcerative colitis(UC)patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the advantage of fecal calprotectin(FC)in diagnosing UC endoscopic activity and severity and analyze the FC correlation with endoscopic scores. Methods A total of 70 UC in-patients in our hospital from January 2016 to September 2017 were retrospectively analyzed and categorized into endoscopic remission UC [mucosal healing(n=12),mucosal lesion(n=10)]and endoscopic active UC[mild-moderate(n=30)and severe(n=18)]according to UC Endoscopic Index of Severity(UCEIS).The ROC curve was used to analyze the predictive efficacy of each laboratory indicator to identify endoscopically active UC and severe UC and evaluate the correlation of UCEIS with all these indicators. Results In UC pa-tients,the levels of FC[828.5(416.6,1079.7)μg/g],PCT[0.03(0.02,0.06)μg/L]and IL-6[13.4(7.32,21.45)ng/L]were sig-nificantly higher in endoscopically active UC than those[43.4(9.4,91.4)μg/g、0.02(0.02,0.03)μg/L、5.82(5.14,6.73)ng/L]in remission and the levels of CRP,ESR,WBC count and PLT count also increased significantly,while HB and ALB levels were signifi-cantly lower than those in remission(all P value<0.001).In endoscopically active UC patients,the levels of FC[1117.1(916.5,1492. 4)μg/g]and IL-6[18.18(12.72,33.25)ng/L]were significantly higher than those of mild-moderate UC[622.4(218.7,924.2)μg/g,8.27(7.08,16.60)ng/L](P<0.05)and the levels of CRP,ESR and WBC also increased significantly(P<0.05),while the ALB showed a significant lower level(P=0.002). When FC>175.6 μg/g,it was of higher accuracy in diagnosing UC endoscopic activity and the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value were respectively 87.50%,90.91%,95.45%and 76.92%;When FC>781.1 μg/g,it was of higher accuracy in diagnosing severe UC and the sensitivity,specificity,positive predic-tive value and negative predictive value were respectively 88.89%,73.33%,66.66% and 91.66%. The levels of FC,PCT,IL-6, CRP,ESR,WBC and PLT all presented positive correlation with UCEIS(P<0.001),while the HB and ALB levels showed a negative correlation with UCEIS(P<0.001). Conclusion FC is a good indicator to judge UC endoscopic activity and severe UC. FC can be used as a non-invasive and surrogate marker for endoscopy to monitor UC disease activity in clinical practice.

Transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy for prostate cancer: an update / 中华男科学杂志

The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test contributes a lot to the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer (PCa) and, along with imaging-guided prostate biopsy, has improved the diagnosis rate of lower-risk PCa and the accuracy of its clinical staging. However, many questions and controversies remain as to the choice of optimal biopsy strategies. Scholars differ in views about how to utilize PCa-related biomarkers to optimize the detection of initial and repeat biopsies. This review focuses on the present status of and advances in transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy for PCa.

Method for determination of microdialysis probe recovery of rocuronium by LC-MS/MS / 第二军医大学学报

Objective To establish a method for determining the recovery of rocuronium microdialysis probe by LC-MS/MS, so as to investigate the stability and reproducibility of microdialysis probe recovery during in vivo and in vitro microdialysis trials and to provide evidence for in vivo microdialysis. Methods The concentration of rocuronium in dialysate was determined by LC-MS/MS and the probe recovery was calculated.The effects of different drug concentrations (50, 200, and 500 ng/mL) and flow rates(0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 μL/min)on the probe recovery were determined by incremental (dialysis) and reduction (retrodialysis) methods. The in vivo probe recovery in SD rats was determined by reduction method, and its result was compared with that of the in vitro trial. Results The in vitro probe recovery decreased with the increase of flow rate within a range of 0.5-4 μL/min under the same condition. At the same flow rate, different concentrations of rocuronium had little influence on the probe recovery. Under the same condition, the in vitro recovery obtained by incremental and reduction methods were approximately equal and showed a good stability. The in vivo probe recovery obtained by reduction method was similar to the in vitro one. Conclusion Microdialysis can be used for pharmacokinetic study of rocuronium, and retrodialysis method can be used to study probe recovery of rocuronium in vivo.

Contrast enhanced ultrasonographic features of benign focal liver lesions / 中华医学超声杂志（电子版）

Objective To summarize the contrast enhanced ultrasonographic (CEUS) features of benign focal liver lesions, on and to investigate the value of contrast enhanced ultrasound techniques in the diagnosis of benign focal liver lesion. Methods The contrast enhanced ultrasonographic performance of 68 benign focal liver lesions cases which were dififcult for routine ultrasound diagnosis and conifrmed by pathology or follow-up were retrospectively analyzed. Chi-square test of four-fold table were used to compare the diagnostic coincidence rate of conventional ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Results The 68 cases of benign focal liver lesions included complex cysts (n=7), liver hydatids (n=2), liver abscess (n=15), focal nodular hyperplasia (n=8), angiomyolipoma (n=2), hepatocellular adenoma (n=4), focal fat accumulation (n=16), inlfammatory pseudotumor (n=12), solitary necrotic nodule (n=1), intrahepatic biliary cystadenoma (n=1). There were no enhancement among 7 complex cysts, 2 liver hydatids and 1 solitary necrotic nodule. Isoenhancement was detected in focal fat accumulation (n=16);hypoenhancement during the arterial phase and sustained enhancement during the portal or late phase was found in focal nodular hyperplasia (n=8) and angiomyolipoma (n=2). Grid-like enhancements during the arterial phase and isoenhancement or hypoenhancement during the portal phase, and hypoenhancement during the late phase was presented in liver abscess (n=15). Hyperenhancement during the arterial phase were detected in 4 cases of hepatocellular adenoma, 3 of which showed isoenhancement or hyperenhancement during the portal and delayed phase, one case showed hypoenhancement during the portal phase. Eight cases of all the inlfammatory pseudotumor showed no enhancement during all phases;3 cases showing grid enhancement during the arterial phase and the enhancement washed out rapidly;1 case showed mild edge enhancement during the arterial phase and hypoenhancement during the delayed phase. The solid part of the intrahepatic biliary cystadenoma showed hyperenhancement during the arterial phase and hypoenhancement during the portal and late phase.The central area showed no enhancement during all phase. The coincidence rate between pathology and conventional ultrasound diagnosis was 61.8%(42/68). The coincidence rate between pathology and contrast- enhanced ultrasound diagnosis was 92.6%(63/68). The coincidence rate of contrast-enhanced ultrasound diagnostic was higher than that of conventional ultrasound, with a statistically signiifcant difference (χ2=8.17, P < 0.01). Conclusion Real-time gray-scale contrast-enhanced sonography can improve the accuracy of the diagnosis and differential diagnosis for benign focal liver lesions.

Efficacy and clinical effectiveness of steroid therapy of all body and local application on hyperthyroid Graves ophthalmopathy / 中国地方病学杂志

Objective To investigate the efficacy and clinical effectiveness of the steroid therapy with the all body and local application on hyperthyroid Graves ophthalmopathy.Methods A total of 57 patients (106 eyes)suffering from hyperthyroid Graves ophthalmopathy who hospitalized in the Department of Ophthalmology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from Mar 2008 to Oct 2011 were enrolled in the study.Of the 57 patients,there were 21 males and 36 females,aged 18 to 57(average 37.28 ± 11.63).The clinical course was from 1 month to 5 years(average 29.63 ± 15.36 months).Based on the patient's age,sex and condition,the 57 patients were randomly divided into steroid pulse therapy with all body group(group SPT,29 patients,54 eyes)and peribulbar injection of long-term steraid group(group PI,28 patients,52 eyes).The patients in group SPT were treated with 0.5-l.0 g methylprednisolone by intravenous infusion daily for 3 days,and then stopped for 7 days,the treatment was repeated once.But the total application dose of methylprednisolone was not overruned 5.0-20.0 g.After that,the patients were treated with oral prednisone 40 mg/d.The dose of prednisone was reduced gradually to 5 mg/d.The total course of group SPT was 3 months.The patients in the group PI were treated with triamcinolone acetonide in periorbital injection of 20 mg once every two weeks for 3 months.After one month treated,all patients were visited.The patients' body weights of two groups were measured before the treatment and after one month treated.The ocular signs of the patients including visual acuity,diplopia,intraocular pressure,exophthalmos and horizontal visual palpebral fissure width were observed before and after the treatment.Results In the group SPT,the average body weight [(62.83 ± 7.23)kg]after the treatment was higher than that before the treatment[(57.03 ±7.13)kg],and also higher than that of the group PI[(59.89 ± 10.67)kg,t =25.25,2.08,all P＜ 0.05]after the treatment.In the group SPT,the average intraocular pressures before and after the treatment were (13.46 ± 1.78)and (13.69 ± 1.41)mm Hg(1 nm Hg =0.133 kPa),respectively.In the group PI,the average intraocular pressures before and after the treatment were (13.52 ± 2.19) and (13.77 ± 2.03)mm Hg,respectively.There was no significant differences before and after the treatment in both gr0ups(P＞ 0.05).In the group SPT and PI,the average exophthalmos after the treatment[(18.63 ± 2.22) and (14.85 ± 2.61)mm]were lower than those before the treatment[(20.78 ± 2.24) and (20.60 ± 2.81)mm,t =9.97,29.68,all P＜ 0.05],respectively.After the treatment,the average exophthalmos in the group PI was significantly lower than that of the group SPT(t =7.79,P＜ 0.05).In the groups SPT and PI,the average averagepalpebral fissure width after the treatment[(15.00 ± 1.80) and (11.65 ± 2.45)mm]were lower than those before the treatment[(17.22 ± 1.89) and (17.44 ± 2.37)mm,t =22.74,91.24,all P ＜ 0.05].After treatment of the group PI,the average exophthalmos was significantly lower than that of the group SPT(t =8.01,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Compared with the steroid pulse therapy with all body,the peribullbar application of long-term hormone for hyperthyroid Graves ophthalmopathy is more effective,with lcss side effects and worthy of promotion.

Synthesis and antibacterial activity of 7-(3-amino-4-alkoxyimino-1 -piperidyl) -quinolones / 药学学报

To explore new agents of quinolone derivatives with high activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms, 7-(3-amino-4-alkoxyimino-1-piperidyl) quinolones were designed and synthesized, and their activity against Gram-positive and Gram- negative microorganisms were tested in vivo and in vitro. Twenty one target compounds were obtained. Their structures were established by 1H NMR, HRMS and X-ray crystallographic analysis. The target compounds possess different antimicrobial activities against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive microorganisms. Compounds 14a and 14m have broad spectral antibacterial activities. They show better antibacterial activities against 12 strains Gram-positive bacteria than three references. In particular, their activities against S. aureus and S. epidermidis (including MRSA and MRSE) were 4 - 16 times than that of gemifloxacin and balofloxacin, and 8 - 64 times than that of levofloxacin. The MIC values to S. aureus strains of compounds 14a and 14m were 0.25 - 1 mg x L(-1) and 0.125 - 1 mg x L(-1), to S. epidermidis strains were 0.5 - 4 mg x L(-1) and 1 - 8 mg x L(-1) respectively. The in vivo results showed that they have as good internal protection as gemifloxacin and moxifloxacin against systemic infection model in mice (P > 0.05).

Epidemiological study on 38 418 syphilis cases during pregnancy / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the prevalence of syphilis and risk factors on pregnant women in Fujian province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From July 1st, 2004 to June 30th, 2006, epidemiologic methods as questionnaires to fill in and rapid plasma reagent testing (RPR) were performed. Pregnant women with positive RPR test and then were confirmed by treponema pallidum test (TP). Intervention was provided to the pregnant women who were followed up to the postpartum periods. Results were compared during the peri-neonatal stage between syphilis-infected and non-infected women. Factors which were relative to syphilis infection were analyzed by simple and then further logistic regression analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 38 418 pregnant women under study, of whom 772 were confirmed including 60 who were still pregnant. The prevalence of syphilis during pregnancy was 1.85% (712/38 418), with mostly underlying syphilis which played an important role during the neonatal stage. Main risk factors to have been found as: women's occupation, cultural background, place of living, husband's occupation, family income, having sexually transmitted disease(STD) infection. The prognosis of peri-neonatal stage was worse if the mother was having blood RPR test positive. Mortality of peri-neonatal, preterm birth rate and low-birth weight rate were found also higher among mothers when RPR was positive (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The prevalence of syphilis in Fujian province was going up yearly. 8 factors including women's occupation, cultural background, place of living, received poor health education, having multiple sexual partners, husband's occupation, family income and having STD were main risk factors in the province, the mother's status of syphilis infection would strongly relate to the peri-neonatal stage of pregnancy.</p>

Synthesis and antibacterial activity of dl-7-(4,4-dimethyl-3-aminomethylpyrrolidinyl) -quinolones / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To explore new agents of quinolone derivatives with high activity against Gram-positive organisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>dl-7-(4,4-Dimethyl-3- aminomethylpyrrolidinyl)-quinolones were designed and synthesized, and their activity against Gram-positive organisms was tested in vitro.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Ten target compounds were obtained. The structures of these compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, MS. The target compounds with dl-4,4-dimethyl-3-( methyl) aminomethylpyrrolidine side chains had high activity against Gram-positive organisms. Especially the MIC values of compound 22 for 4 strains of Gram-positive resistant bacteria (two strains of MRSA and two of MRSE) were 0.015 -0.5 mg x L(-), which exhibited more potent activities than gatifloxacin (4 - 128 times). Its MIC value for Pseudomonas aeruginosa 03-5 (0.008 mg x L(-1)) was 4 times as that of gatifloxacin (0.03 mg x L(-1)).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The compound 22 showed high activity against Gram-positive organisms in vitro and it is worth of more investigation.</p>

An intervention study on preventing maternal-fetal transmission of syphilis during pregnancy / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the prevalence and principal rules of women with syphilis during pregnancy and to develop relative methods to prevent maternal-fetal transmission.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A nested case control study on epidemiologic research was used based on review and preview methods on prevention and cure. Targeting pregnant women with syphilis diagnosed during premarital or pregnancy stages and were identified through rapid plasma reagin test (RPR) but confirmed by treponema pallidum test (TP),a total number of 339 women receiving treatment, intervention and being followed throughout the pregnant and neonatal periods.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The prevalence of syphilis in pregnancy was 2.33%, and the positive rate in neonatal cord blood was closely associated with the opportunity of getting maternal treatment. The lowest RPR positive rate was among these women who got pregnant after receiving the treatment. The RPR positive rate of neonatal cord blood was positively relative to the mother's RPR titer. The higher was the mother's blood RPR titer, the worse the prenatal prognosis would turn to.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Mother's blood RPR titer and the opportunity of getting treatment were strongly associated with the positive rate in neonatal cord blood. Pregnancy after receiving the treatment was a powerful measure to prevent the maternal-fetal transmission of syphilis.</p>

Study on interventional methods and the pattern of maternal-fetal transmission of syphilis during pregnancy / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective To explore the maternal-fetal transmission patterns and interventional methods of syphilis during pregnancy.Methods A total of 847 cases of syphilis in pregnancy confirmed by rapid plasma reagin test(RPR)and treponema pallidum hemoagglutination test(TPHA)were treated with procaine benzylpenieillin intramuscular injection,and with erythrocin oral medication if hypersensitive to benzylpenicillin.Eight hundred forty seven cases of syphilis during pregnancy were followed up for pregnancy outcomes.And their newborn babies were tested using the RPR.The newborns with positive results were given intervention and followed up until 24 months after birth.Results(1)A total of 733 cases among the total 847 have given birth to living-babies,in which 626 cases were tested using RPR,and the positive rate was 55.1%(345/626).(2)The RPR positive rate,neonatal mortality,preterm birth rate and low birth rate in the newborn of mothers with an RPR titer higher than or at 1:8 were higher than those of mothers with an RPR titer lower than 1:8(P