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Objective:To investigate the diagnostic values of human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), endothelial cell specific molecule-1 (ESM-1) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) for lung cancer.Methods:The clinical data of 90 patients with lung cancer and 50 patients with benign lung diseases diagnosed by the pathological examination in Tangshan People's Hospital from December 2019 to January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, and 40 healthy physical examiners in the same period were selected as the controls. The serum HE4 levels were detected by electrochemiluminescence method. The serum ESM-1 and EGFR levels were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The differences in serum HE4, ESM-1 and EGFR levels between the three groups were compared; logistic regression analysis was used to screen out the effective indicators for the diagnosis of lung cancer and to construct a prediction model for the diagnosis of lung cancer. Using pathological diagnosis result as the gold standard, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn, and the diagnostic efficacy of indicators for lung cancer was evaluated.Results:The levels of serum HE4 in lung cancer group, benign lung diseases group and healthy control group were 119.55 pmol/L (82.06 pmol/L, 189.00 pmol/L), 58.84 pmol/L (45.62 pmol/L, 69.41 pmol/L) and 42.67 pmol/L (37.09 pmol/L, 51.84 pmol/L), the levels of ESM-1 were 33.00 ng/ml (25.85 ng/ml, 47.40 ng/ml), 20.14 ng/ml (11.93 ng/ml, 28.90 ng/ml) and 15.39 ng/ml (11.84 ng/ml, 20.19 ng/ml), and the levels of EGFR were 46.60 pg/ml (37.45 pg/ml, 58.98 pg/ml), 32.77 pg/ml (26.27 pg/ml, 40.86 pg/ml) and 30.43 pg/ml (27.54 pg/ml, 35.75 pg/ml), and the differences in each indicator among the three groups were statistically significant (all P < 0.001). The levels of serum HE4, ESM-1 and EGFR in lung cancer group were higher than those in benign lung diseases group and healthy control group. In patients with lung cancer, logistic regression analysis was performed with HE4 (X 1), ESM-1 (X 2) and EGFR (X 3) as the independent variables and pathological diagnosis as the dependent variable, and a lung cancer prediction regression model was established: P = 0.171X 1+0.351X 2+0.184X 3-24.660. The accuracy of this model in predicting lung cancer could reach 98.5%, and serum HE4, ESM-1 and EGFR were risk factors for the occurrence of lung cancer (all P < 0.05). The area under ROC curve from high to low was HE4 (0.960), ESM-1 (0.942) and EGFR (0.859). The diagnostic sensitivity of serum HE4 63.67 pmol/L for lung cancer was 86.7%, and the specificity was 97.5%. Both serum HE4 ( r = 0.304, P = 0.004) and ESM-1 ( r = 0.416, P < 0.001) were correlated with EGFR. Conclusions:Serum HE4, ESM-1 and EGFR can be used as effective indicators for the diagnosis of lung cancer, and the prediction model established based on the three serum tumor markers is of good value for the diagnosis and prediction of lung cancer.
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Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide,and it has become the second most common tu-mor following lung cancer in China.Surgery,radiotherapy,and chemotherapy are the predominant treatments for gastric cancer.Most patients are diagnosed when they have progressed to advanced cancer,although comprehensive treatment may cure some patients with early-stage gastric cancer.With the rapid development of medical immunology and molecular biology techniques,immunothera-py as a new treatment method has received extensive attention in the field of cancer therapy.Cancer immunology involves destroying tumor cells by activating and training the patient's immune system to recognize tumor cells as targets.This is the goal of tumor thera-py.Immunotherapeutic methods now include adoptive T-cell transfer,novel antibody constructs,cytokines,and cancer vaccines.In the last decade,researchers have obtained encouraging results in the field of cancer immunotherapy,especially with the use of check-point inhibitors.This article reviews the advances in immunotherapy for gastric cancer.
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BACKGROUND:Apoptosis of islet cel s is closely related to the long-term hyperglycemia-and hyperlipemia-induced injuries. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of Shizidaiping formula on the apoptosis and insulin secretion in MIN6 cel s under the high glucose and lipid environment, and to explore the protective effect of Shizidaiping formula and the related apoptosis mechanism. METHODS:MIN6 cel s were divided into normal, model, melbine, low-, medium-and high-dose Shizidaiping formula groups. The cel activity was examined by cel counting kit-8, the insulin secretion was measured by ELISA, the rate of apoptosis was measured by Annexin V-FITC&PI and the expression levels of MEK1/2, ERK1/2 and p-ERK1/2 were examined by western blot assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Shizidaiping formula significantly improved MIN6 cel activity under high glucose and lipid condition (P<0.05), decreased early cel apoptosis, increased the level of insulin stimulated by low glucose in cel supernatant (P<0.05), and improved the expression levels of MEK1/2, ERK1/2 and p-ERK1/2 (P<0.05). These results suggest that Shizidaiping formula can protect islet cel s from hyperglycemia and hyperlipemia damage by improving the activity of MIN6 cel s, reducing the insulin secretion and inhibiting the apoptosis of pancreaticβcel s in MIN6 cel s.
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Objective To observe the effect of combination of dexmedetomidine and sufentanil on postoperative analgesia for the highly nicotine dependent patients undergoing esophagectomy. Methods Ninety highly nicotine dependent patients undergoing esophagectomy were randomly allocated into three groups (n = 30 each): low-dose sufentanil group (Group S1), high-dose sufentanil (Group S2), dexmedetomidine and sufentanil group (Group DS). All patients of three groups received postoperative PCIA with following setting: 2 mL/h;bolus: 2 mL; lock time: 5 min; 4 hours limited: 40 mL. The scores of VAS and Ramsay, effective presses/total presses of PCIA, the consumption of sufentanil during 72 h after operation, side effects and the satisfaction degree of patients were recorded. Results Compared with those of group S2, the scores of VAS (both at rest and movement) decreased significantly in group DS from 1 h to 8 h (P<0.05). Compared with those of group S1, the scores of VAS (both at rest and movement) decreased significantly in group S2 and DS from 1 h to 72 h (P<0.05). Compared with that in group S1 and S2, the consumption of sufentanil during 72 h after operation decreased significantly in group DS (P < 0.05). Compared with those in group DS, The numbers of nausea and vomiting were significant decreased in group S1 and S2(P < 0.05). Compared with those in group S1, the remedial cases were significantly decreased in group S2 and group DS (P < 0.05). Conclusion The effect of combination of dexmedetomidine and sufentanil is superior to that of sufentanil in terms of postoperative analgesia in highly nicotine dependent male patients undergoing esophagectomy.
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Objective:To investigate the differentially expressed miRNAs in serum collected post operation and compared these miR-NAs with those collected pre-surgery among patients suffering from glioblastoma multiform (GBM) and undergoing regular clinical fol-low-up. These miRNAs may be potential biomarkers for the post-operative evaluation of patients with GBM. Methods:Forty-eight pa-tients with GBM and clinical pathological diagnosis were enrolled in this study. In the initial biomarker screening stage, total RNAs were extracted and subjected to Solexa sequencing to select miRNAs with significantly altered expression pre-and post-operation. Some of these differentially expressed miRNAs were chosen and verified through TaqMan probe-based qRT-PCR assay. A t-test was performed to determine the miRNAs that satisfied the two criteria, namely, fold change>2 and P<0.05. All of the patients were fol-lowed-up, and survival data were collected. The patients were then classified into two groups, namely, long-and short-survival groups, on the basis of the median of the miR-30e expression levels in the sera collected post-operation. Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test (SPSS version 19.0, IBM) were employed to determine the possible relationships between miR-30e expression levels in the sera collected post-operation and patients' overall survival. Results: Solexa revealed 63 differentially expressed miRNAs. Four miRNAs, namely, miR-26b, miR-30e, miR-129-3p, and miR-206, were selected on the basis of previous and present findings. These miRNAs were then verified in the RT-qPCR phase. Among these miRNAs, only miR-30e was significantly upregulated post-operation. The serum miR-30e expression level post-operation was not significantly associated with the overall survival of the patients. A low miR-30e expression level corresponded to prolonged survival. Conclusion:miR-30e was upregulated in the sera collected post-operation from patients with GBM. This miRNA may be negatively related to the tumor load of these patients. The miR-30e expression level in the serum col-lected post-surgery serum was not significantly associated with overall survival. Therefore, miR-30e may serve as a novel potential non-invasive biomarker for the post-operative evaluation of patients with GBM.
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This article consults the literature on acupuncture-moxibustion treatment for the non-spastic stage of cerebral stroke published from 2001 to 2014, makes a summary and analysis from meridians, point selection, acupuncture reinforcing-reducing techniques and electoacupuncture application and points out some problems such as valuing acupuncture and neglecting moxibustion, valuing acupuncture and neglecting medicine, and neglecting point selection based on syndrome differentiation in acupuncture-moxibustion treatment for the non-spastic stage of cerebral stroke. The article also objectively assesses the position of acupuncture-moxibustion treatment, puts forward relevant solving ideas and emphasizes the importance of acupuncture manipulation and the necessity for combining Chinese herbal medicine to treat the non-spastic stage of cerebral stroke.
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Objective:To evaluate the effect of alkalinized lidocaine with endotracheal intubation intracuff injection on the occur-rence of cough and sore throat in the smoking patients after operation. Methods:A prospective and double-blind trial was carried out. Totally 50 smoking patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled. The patients were randomly allocated to receive either ETT intracuff injection of alkalinized 2% lidocaine (group L) or ETT intracuff injection of 0. 9% saline (group S). The inci-dence of cough and sore throat in the two groups was compared. The duration of anesthesia and the time between anesthesia termination and extubation were also recorded. Results:Group L was superior to group S in reducing cough (P0. 05). Conclusion:The intracuff injection of alkalinized lidocaine is superior to saline in decreasing the incidence of postoperative cough and sore throat in smoking patients.