Study on preparation，characterization and in vitro transdermal properties of Xiongzhi shigao decoction soluble microneedles / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To prepare Xiongzhi shigao decoction soluble microneedles， characterize it and investigate its transdermal properties in vitro. METHODS Two-step centrifugal method was used to prepare Xiongzhi shigao decoction soluble microneedles. The formability and mechanical property of the microneedles were evaluated from aspects of stroma fluidity， microneedle formability， needle hardness， etc. The appearance， mechanical strength， dissolution performance， skin barrier recovery performance and drug loading of the prepared microneedles were characterized by using active components of the soluble microneedle （chlorogenic acid， ferulic acid， notopterol， imperatorin， ligustilide， isoimperatorin） as indicators. The in vitro transdermal performance was investigated by Franz diffusion cell. RESULTS The soluble microneedle tips of Xiongzhi shigao decoction prepared in this study were conical， evenly distributed and of the same thickness， with good mechanical properties； the tip of the needle could be almost completely dissolved after being penetrated into the skin of rats for 2 hours， and the skin barrier recovery performance was good； the drug loading of chlorogenic acid， ferulic acid， notopterol， imperatorin， ligustilide and isoimperatorin were （87.04±1.12）， （67.69±1.23）， （20.65±0.17）， （35.00±0.11）， （153.83±0.21） and （23.52±0.50） μg per patch respectively. The results of in vitro transdermal study showed that cumulative release rates of 6 active components in this microneedle after 72 hours were 36.94%， 56.72%， 19.36%， 57.98%， 11.06% and 35.19%， respectively. CONCLUSIONS Xiongzhi shigao decoction soluble microneedles are prepared successfully in this study and have good formability， mechanical properties and pliable backing， which can significantly promote the transdermal drug delivery.

Studies on chemical structure of complexes compounds formed by acid and alkaline components of pair medicines in decoction / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical structures of macromolecular complexes formed by aconitine and glycyrrhizic acid, aconitine and rhein, berberine and rhein, ephedrine and glycyrrhizic acid in decoctions.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The binding energy of reactants and products was determined by X-ray spectrography, the ground level charge distribution of products was caculated by density function theory of quantum chemistry.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The binding energy of aconitine and glycyrrhizic acid, aconitine and rhein, berberine and rhein were changed after reaction. The characteristic atoms in the molecular structures of acid components have higher positive electric charge, while the ones in alkaline components have higher negative charge.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Aconitine and glycyrrhizic acid, aconitine and rhein, berberine and rhein can form macromolecular complexes, ephedrine and glycyrrhizic acid can not.</p>

Research on compatibility chemistry of acid-alkaline pair medicines in formulas of traditional Chinese medicine / 中国中药杂志

Compatibility chemistry of acid-alkaline pair medicines in formulas of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an important research field which should merit to pay attention. The ideas and methods in prescription compatibility research on formulas containing alkaline-acid pair medicines were summarized from the aspect of chemical groups of alkaline and acid ingredients; the research results were introduced and analyzed; the research meaning was elaborated; and the expectation of the field was viewed.

Compatability chemistry of acid-alkaline pair medicine of Fuzi and Gancao in Sini decoction / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the change pattern of alkaline and acid components of Fuzi and gancao amoung different combinations in Sini Decotion.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The contents of aconite alkaloids and glycyrrhizic acid were determined by HPLC in samples of Fuzi extracts, gancao extracts, Fuzi and gancao pair medicines extracts, and extracts of whole recipe.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>As for Fuzi, monoester aconite alkaloids could be detected in water extracts, and both biester and monoester aconite alkaloids could be detected in ethanol extracts. The contents of aconite alkaloids were decreased with changes of combinations: from Fuzi alone to pair medicines, and to whole recipe. The change pattern was more apparent when extracted in water decoction. As for Gancao, the glycyrrhizic acid was lowered from single medicine to pair medicines, and to whole recipe.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The contents of alkaline and acid components were changed with different extract methods and different combinations of Fuzi and Gancao.</p>

Compatability chemistry of acid-alkaline pair medicine of dahuang and Fuzi in Dahuang Fuzi decoction / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the change pattern of alkaline and acid components of Dahuang and Fuzi in different combinations.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The contents of anthraquinones and aconite alkaloids were determined by HPLC in samples of Dahuang extracts, Fuzi extracts, Dahuang and Fuzi pair medicines extracts, and extracts of whole recipe.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>As for Dahuang, the contents of anthraquinones were decreased with changes of combination: higher contents were in decoctions of Dahuang alone, lower contents were in decoctions of pair medicines, and the lowest contents were in decoctions of whole recipe. As for Fuzi, monoester aconite alkaloids could be detected in water extracts, and both biester and monoester aconite alkaloids could be detected in ethanol extracts. The contents of aconite alkaloids were decreased with changes of combinations: from Fuzi alone to pair medicines, and to whole recipe. The change pattern was more apparent when extracted in water decoction.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The contents of alkaline and acid components are changed with different extract methods and different combinations.</p>

Compatibility chemistry of acid-alkaline pair medicine of Dahuang and Huangbai in Dahuang Xiaoshi decoction / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the change pattern of alkaline and acid components of Dahuang and Huangbai amoung different combinations in Dahuang Xiaoshi decotion.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The contents of anthraquinones and berberine were determined by HPLC in samples of Dahuang extracts, Huangbai extracts, Dahuang and Huangbai pair medicine extracts, and extracts of whole recipe.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The contents of anthraquinones and berberine were decreased with the changes of combinations: from component medicinal material alone to pair medicines, and to whole recipe. the change pattern was more apparent in water decoctions than in ethanol extracts.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The contents of alkaline and acid components are changed with different extract methods and different combinations.</p>

Compatability chemistry of acid-alkaline pair medicine of Ephedra sinica and Glycyrrhiza uralencis in Maxing Shigan decoction / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the change regularity of ephedrine and glyrihhzine acid in Ephedra sinila and Glycyrrhiza uralencis pair medicines and in Maxing Shigan decoction.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The contents of ephedrine and glycyrrhizic acid were determined by HPLC in samples of E. sinica extracts, G. uralencis extracts, pair medicines extracts of Maxing Shigao decoction sinica and G. uralencis, and extracts of E. sinica.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>There were no significant difference in ephedrine contents amoung different samples; the contents of glycyrrhizic acid were lower in decoctions of Maxing Shigan decoction than in G. uralencis decoction and pair medicines extracts.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Macromolecular complex was NOT formed by ephedrine and Glycyrrhizic acid in decoctions containing pair medicines of E. sinica and G. uralencis.</p>