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Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of bone grafting in the treatment of type Ⅱ odontoid fracture with pedicle screw fixation .Methods Of 14 cases with type Ⅱ odontoid fractures ,8 patients in group A received pedicle screw,lamina autologous bone grafts,6 cases of group B received simple posterior pedicle screw fixation.The operative time ,the amount of surgical bleeding and the postoperative cervical spine flexion and rotationwere observed at 3 months postoperatively ,and the patients were followed up for 5-45 months.Results All patients were followed up for 5-45 months,with an average of 26.5 months.The operation time was (1.83 ±0.5) h in the bone graft group,and (1.58 ±0.9)h in the non-bone graft group,the difference was statistically significant (t=2.842,P>0.05).The blood loss of the bone graft group was (150 ±16)mL,which of the non-bone graft group was (120 ±14) mL,the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t =3.57,P >0.05).After 3 months,the flexion of the cervical spine of the bone graft group was (31.2 ±4.6)°,which in the non -grafted group was (32.3 ±5.7)°,the difference was statistically significant (t=0.675,P<0.05).The rotation of the bone graft group was (40.6 ±4.5)°,which in the non -graft group was (41.3 ±3.5)°,the difference was statistically significant (t=0.278,P<0.05).Both two groups had no vertebral artery and spinal cord injury ,wound healing. During the follow-up period,the two groups of patients had a good reduction of cervical spine ,no internal fixation lossening,fracture,fracture healing well,group A bone graft fusion.Conclusion For this type of fracture,simple atlantoaxial pedicle screw fixation compared with autologous iliac bone graft fusion treatment ,can save the operation time,reduce the amount of bleeding .
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BACKGROUND:Transoral ventral release and posterior fusion have predominated in the treatment of irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation, but there is no consistent conclusion on the clinical efficacy. OBJECTIVE:To explore the clinical outcomes of transoral ventral release and posterior fusion and screw/rod implantation in the treatment of irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation. METHODS:A total of 32 patients with irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation undergoing thetransoral ventral release and posterior fusion were selected. After treatment, they received cervical anteroposterior and lateral digital DR and cervical MRI examinations to understand the conditions of nerve compression and bone fusion. The recovery of nerve function was evaluated using Japanese Orthopaedic Association before treatment, 6 months after treatment and during final fol ow-up. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Post-treatment, 29 patients were fol owed-up for an average period of 12 months. (1) Al the patients obtained perfect atlantoaxial joint reduction and bone fusion. This achieved reduction and reconstruction of spinal column stability. (2) Spinal compression was obviously lessened after treatment in al patients, and nerve functions were improved to different degrees. Significant differences in Japanese Orthopaedic Association score were detected between 6 months post-treatment, final fol ow-up and pre-treatment (P<0.05). (3) There were no serious intraoperative complications such as spinal cord or vertebral artery injuries. Postoperative complications such as infection or burst were also not found. (4) Imaging evaluation revealed that transoral ventral release and posterior fusion is safe and effective for treatment of irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation.
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OBJECTIVE To discover diversity of X gene sequences of hepatitis B virus isolates in hepatitis B induced liver cirrhosis patients and HBV carriers.METHODS DNA fragment including X gene sequences of hepatitis B virus was amplified,sequencing PCR products was preformed.The PCR products of three liver cirrhosis patients and three HBV symptomless carriers were cloned into pGEMT Easy vectors.Positive clones with target sequences were selected out for sequencing.Sequence comparison was made to find the identity.RESULTS A comparison of T1762/A1764,G1719T,T1727G/A,G1730C and T1753C mutations in a core promoter between the liver cirrhosis patients and the HBV carriers showed that the HBV isolates from the former had higher frequencies of mutation than the latter.The X promoter region of the HBV isolates from the liver cirrhosis patients showed higher frequencies of mutation than the isolates from the HBV carriers.Additionally,the homology between clones of X gene from one individual with liver cirrhosis averages 91.3-99.7%,that of HBV carriers averages 96-100%.CONCLUSIONS The core and X promoter region of the HBV isolates from the liver cirrhosis patients show the higher frequencies of mutation than the isolates from the HBV carriers.There are HBV quasispecies which possess great variation in the liver cirrhosis patients.
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OBJECTIVE To investigate the nosocomial status and drug resistance of imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa(IRPA) to provide the reference for doctor′s use of the antibiotics.METHODS Totally 178 strains of imipenem-resistant P.aeruginosa were identified by the routine methods.And drug sensitivity was determined by Kirby-Bauer method.RESULTS All strains of IRPA were mainly from departments of respiratory diseases,tumor and geriatrics,most of them were isolated from sputum(62.4%).The susceptibility test showed that 100.0% IRPA were resistant to imipenem.Drug resistance rates to piperacillin,cefotaxim,gentamicin,ciprofloxacin and SMZ-TMP were all over 50.0%.CONCLUSIONS The status of nosocomial infection caused by IRPA is very serious.To detect and control the infection is very important.
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OBJECTIVE To study the state of mixed infection of sexually transmitted diseases(STDs) pathogens isolated from female genitourinary tract and analyze the clinical meaning.METHODS Gram staining and test under microscope,DIGFA,cultivation and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay were adoptmaed to detect five pathogens such as Neisseria gonorrhoeae,Chlamydia trachomatis,Ureaplasma urealyticum,Mycoplas hominis and herpes simplex virus.RESULTS Among 2 188 female patients,we got 175 mixed infection cases,accounted for 8.0%.77.7% Patients were 21 to 40 years.CONCLUSIONS We should pay attention to monitoring STDs and control work.
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OBJECTIVE To investigate drug resistance status of the pathogens of nosocomial pulmonary infection in stroke patients and to provide the scientific reference for clinical prevention of nosocomial infections and reasonable use of antibiotics.METHODS By the methods combining prospective monitoring and retrospective review,patients′ clinical data were analyzed statistically.Referring to National Rules of Procedures in Clincal Laboratory,the strains were identified.The antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by K-B method and the results were read according to CLSI 2006.RESULTS The main pathogens of nosocomial pulmonary infection in stroke patients were Klebsiella Pneumoniae(22.0%),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(18.4%),Acinetobacter baumannii(12.7%),Staphylococcus aureus(12.3%) and Escherichia coli(11.4%).The detection rate of extensive-spectrum beta-lactamase(ESBLs) producing E.coli and K.pneumoniae was 43.2%.Meticillin-resistant S.aureus(MRSA) accounted for 39.0%.Pan-drug resistant strains were found in A.baumannii.CONCLUSIONS Drug resistance status of pathogens of nosocomial pulmonary infection in stroke patients is very serious.We should take intervention measures to prevent and control the onest and prevalence of resistant strains.
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OBJECTIVE To approach the pathogenic distribution of nosocomial infection and drug-resistance in tumor department to formulate the intervention strategy.METHODS Prospective monitoring and retrospective investigation were performed to analyze the 198 cases of nosocomial infection in tumor department.RESULTS The lower respiratory tract infection was the main infection in tumor department,accounted for 68.2%.The urinary tract infection rated the second,accounted for 16.7%.Pathogenic bacteria mainly included Pseudomonas aeruginosa(20.2%),Klebsiella pneumoniae(19.2%),Escherichia coli(16.2%),Staphylococcus aureus(10.6%),etc.Above pathogenic bacteria were all multidrug-resistant.Detection rate of extended spectrum ?-lactamases(ESBLs) producing Enterobacteriaceae strains was 45.7%.Detection rate of meticillin-resistant staphylococci(MRS) was 40.6%.CONCLUSIONS The drug-resistance status of nosocomial infection is very serious in tumor department.Comprehensive intervention strategy should be adopted to decrease the infection rate.
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OBJECTIVE To establish a simple,sensitive method for detecting the double mutation of the basal core promoter(BCP) of HBV.METHODS FAM fluorescence-labeled TaqMan MGB and primers driving from the region containing the double mutation of BCP were designed for the real time PCR,then the standard positive control,standard negative control and HBV DNA were amplified and detected by the real time PCR.The results of detecting the double mutation of BCP were validated by the direct-sequencing analysis of PCR products.RESULTS The double mutation of BCP of HBV could be detected by the real time PCR.The sensitivity of the method was 3?100 copy templates and as few as 1% of mutant among wild-type virus sequence were detected.CONCLUSIONS The method can be used to detect the double mutation of BCP of serum HBV DNA.
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Objective To investigate the effects of conjugated linoleic acid(CLA)on survival rate of vascular endothelial cells(VEC).Methods The survival rate of VEC was assessed using MTT method after treating with CLA.Apoptosis and necrosis of the cells were determined using annexin V-propidium iodine double staining.Results CLA significantly increased the cell survival rate to 126.3% after treating for 72h at a dose of 2?mol?L-1,survival in a time-and dose-dependent manner when the concentration was less than 5?mol?L-1.CLA could partly prevent the death of VEC induced by PA and SA.Conclusion CLA can partly prevent the death of VEC induced by PA and SA.The results suggest that CLA are important for the survival of vascular endothelial cells.
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The diploid type of Paragonimus westermani in Heilongjiang Province and triploid type of P.westermani in Liaoning Province were examined for amino acids by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Eleven kinds of amino-acids of diploid type and 15 kinds of triploid type were found in metacercaria; 15 kinds amino acids of diploid type and 16 kinds of triploid type were detected in larvae.The amino acids were more abundant in larvae than in metacercaria and more in the triploid than in the diploid type.The predominant amino acids were cystine and Rlutamic acid.