Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation combined with task-oriented rehabilitation training on forelimb motor dysfunction in rats with spinal cord injury / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with task-oriented rehabilitation training single pellet reaching and grasping (SPG) on the motor function of forelimb in rats with unilateral contusion of C5 spinal cord. MethodsA total of 60 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (sham group), spinal cord injury (SCI) group, tDCS group, SPG group, false group and tDCS+SPG group, with ten rats in each group. Only C5 lamina was removed in the sham group, and the C5 spinal cord contusion model was established by IH spinal cord impactor in the other five groups. The rats received tDCS in tDCS group, SPG in SPG group, tDCS without current in false group, tDCS combined with SPG in tDCS+SPG group, and no treatment in the SCI and the sham groups. The rats were evaluated with Rearing and Grooming tests, and motor-evoked potential (MEP). ResultsFour weeks after operation, compared with SCI group, the scores of Rearing and Grooming increased in tDCS group and tDCS+SPG group (P < 0.05), and they were more in the tDCS+SPG group than in tDCS group and SPG group (P < 0.05); the score of Grooming increased in SPG group (P < 0.05); while the amplitude of MEP increased in tDCS group, SPG group and tDCS+SPG group (P < 0.05), and the latency shortened in tDCS group and tDCS+SPG group (P < 0.05); and the amplitude increased more in tDCS+SPG group than in tDCS group and SPG group (P < 0.01). ConclusiontDCS could promote the recovery of motor function in rats with SCI, and the combination therapy of tDCS and task-oriented rehabilitation training is more effective.

Measures of controlled low central venous pressure in major hepatectomy / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Major hepatectomy (MH) is a common treatment for benign and malignant liver diseases. Controlled low central venous pressure (CLCVP) is an important measure to reduce the intraoperative blood loss and transfusion requirement during MH. In this paper, the application standard of CLCVP at MH is discussed, and the specific measures to achieve CLCVP including fluid restriction, drug application, body gesture adjustment, reduction of tidal volume, suspension of respiratory ventilation, and infrahepatic inferior vena cava clamping (complete and partial) are systematically summarized.

Age distribution and infection types of human papillomavirus cervical infection in patients in Wuhan region / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To investigate the age distribution and types of human papillomavirus (HPV) cervical infection in patients in Wuhan region, so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of HPV infection and cervical cancer.Methods 9 915 exfoliated cervical cell specimens from patients in Wuhan Medical and Health Center for Women and Children between January 2015 and March 2016 were performed HPV genotyping (21 subtypes), clinical data of 1 732 HPV positive cases were statistically analyzed.Results HPV-positive rates in ≤25, 26~, 36~, 46~, and ≥56 age groups were 22.15%, 15.90%, 17.04%, 19.97%, and 17.57%,respectively (χ2=36.587,P<0.01),HPV-positive rates in ≤25 and 46~ age groups were both higher than other age groups.There were significant differences in single infection and multiple infection rates among different age groups respectively(χ2=14.39, 36.51,respectively, both P<0.05),single infection rate was highest in 46~ and ≤25 age groups (15.41% and 15.24% respectively);multiple infection rates was highest in ≤25 and ≥56 age groups (6.90% and 5.86% respectively).The percentage of single infection and multiple infection were 75.58% and 24.42% respectively, the major single infection type was HPV high-risk subtype (84.34%),the major multiple infection types were high-risk and high-risk compound subtype as well as high-risk and low-risk compound subtype, accounting for 60.52% and 38.77% respectively.The main single infection types were HPV high-risk subtypes 33, 68, 31 and 16, as well as and low-risk subtype 11, the ratios of single infection to multiple infection were 3.13, 2.03, 1.71, 1.67 and 2.00 respectively.Conclusion Cervical infection rates in women in Wuhan region is high in ≤25 and 46~ age groups, there are differences in the distribution of different HPV subtypes of single infection and multiple infection.

Preliminary application of hand robot assisted rehabilitation of upper-limb motor function in patients with stroke and hemiplegia / 中国脑血管病杂志

Objective Toinvestigatetheeffectofrehabilitationrobothandontheupperlimbmotor functioninpatientswithstrokeandhemiplegia.Methods Theeffectsoftraditionalrehabilitation therapy or robot rehabilitation treatment of 15 stroke patients with hemiplegia were analyzed retrospectively. There were 4 females and 11 males. According to the group order,they were divided into either a robot rehabilitation group (n=8 )or a general rehabilitation group (n =7 ). The patients of the general rehabilitation group received general rehabilitation training at the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine for 4 weeks,3 times a week,and 30 min for each time. At the same time,they also conducted family rehabilitation training,5 times a week,once for 1 h;the patients of the robot rehabilitation group received the general rehabilitation training for the same length of time as the general rehabilitation group,and they also performed robot rehabilitation training,5 times a week,once for 1 h. The patients of both groups were evaluated with the modified Ashworth scale (MAS )scores,Fugl-Meyer motor assessment of the upper extremity(FMA-UE),andWolfmotorfunctiontest(WMFT)beforeandaftertreatment.Results Compared with before training,the MAS score of the robot rehabilitation group was decreased significantly after four weeks of training. The time in WMFT was shortened significantly and the function score was improved obviously. The scores of upper extremity,hand score,and total FMA score in FMA-UE were improved significantly,and there were significant differences (all P 0. 05). Comparing the effects after four weeks of rehabilitation in both groups,the robot rehabilitation group was superior to the general rehabilitationgroupforthehandscoreinFMA-UE(allP<0.05).Conclusion Therehabilitation robot hand effectively lowered the upper limb spasticity. It has significant effect for recovery motor function of hand;however,it did not have a significant effect for motor rehabilitation on wrist.

The influences of massive hemorrhage on spatial learning and memory in aged rats / 重庆医学

Objective To research the influences of massive hemorrhage on spatial learning and memory ability in elderly SD rats .Methods Fifty six aged SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:blank group (B group ,n=8) ,control group (C group , n=24) ,and hemorrhage group (H group ,n=24) .B group was not given any intervention .C group received femoral artery ligation and was sutured under general anesthesia .H group underwent femoral artery puncture phlebotomy ,and then the rats were sutured . Morris water maze was used to test the spatial working ability .Results The escape latency of H group on postoperative day 1 ,3 and 7 were(29 .93 ± 7 .93)s ,(34 .56 ± 6 .74)s and (15 .47 ± 6 .42)s respectively .Compared with B group(12 .56 ± 3 .08)s ,these re‐sults indicated the spatial learning and memory of H group was destroyed after surgery 1 d and 3 d (P0 .05) .The escape latent periods to platform observed in C group rats on day1 ,3 and 7 after operation were(15 .74 ± 5 .86)s ,(15 .61 ± 2 .56)s and (13 .56 ± 4 .61)s .Compared with B group [(12 .56 ± 3 .08)s] ,these results indicated that there was no significant difference 7 (P>0 .05) .Conclusion The findings of this study indicate that massive hemorrhage of old rats may destroy the spatial learning and memory .

Clinical application of the preemptive analgesia of Dezocine on patients with renal transplantation anesthesia / 中国综合临床

Objective To investigate the effect of dezocine combined with fentanyl in patients undergoing kidney transplantation on the quality of anesthesia and recover consciousness,as well as explore the preemptive analgesia effect of dezocine in renal transplantation.Methods Eighty patients undergoing allogeneic renal transplantation were randomly divided into control group (Ⅰ) and dezocine group (Ⅱ) (40 cases for each group).Patients in two groups were induced with midazolam 0.05 mg/kg,propofol 1-2 mg/kg,fentanyl 3 μg/kg,and cis-atracurium 2.5 mg/kg intravenously,and then they were incubated and given mechanical ventilation.Anesthesia was maintained with intravenous and inhalational anesthesia.1％-2％ sevoflurane had been inhaled until half an hour before the end of the surgery,while 1％ propofol 3-5 mg/kg/h and remifentanil 0.1-0.2 μg/kg/min had been pumped intravenously till the end of the surgery.2μg/kg fentanyl was infused in control group,while in dezocine group 0.1 mg/kg dezocine was intravenously infused before skin incision.The concentration of sevoflurane and the pump speed ofremifentanil were adjusted according to the depth of anesthesia.Changes of mean arterial pressure (MAP),heart rate (HR) and the pulse oximetry (SPO2) before anesthesia (T0),before skin incision (T1),5 minutes after incision (T2),5 minutes before extubation (T3) and 10 minutes after extubation(T4) were recorded.Extubation time,nausea,vomiting and the incidence of adverse reactions during recovery period were also recorded.Before leaving the operating room,VAS scale was used to assess the pain situation of patients.Results There were no significant differences in terms of MAP,HR and SPO2 at each time point between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The VAS scores in fentanyl group was 1.76 ± 0.43,as same as that in dezocine group (1.84 ± 0.57,P =0.480 7).The incidence of adverse reactions including nausea,vomiting in fentanyl group and dezocine group were 22.5％ and 2.5％,and the difference was significant (x2 =7.314 3,P =0.007).The extubationtime after surgery in diesoline group [(12.21 ± 2.16) min] was significantly shortened than that in fentanyl group [(15.15 ± 2.25) min],P =0.000).Conclusion Dezocine preemptive analgesia is used in renal transplant patients in advance,and it can partly replace the same effect of fentanyl analgesia intensity,significantly shorten the extubation time,reduce the occurrence of awakening period adverse events such as of nausea,vomiting and restlessness.It is safe for renal transplant patients.

Clinical research on ulinastatin on respiratory dynamics improvement in patients with myasthenia gravis / 中国综合临床

ObjectiveTo observe the changes of the respiratory dynamics during expand thymectomy,and to explore the protection of ulinastatin on pulmonary function.MethodsSixty patients with myasthenia gravis( Ossermann Ⅰ,Ⅱ b)undergoing expand thymectomy were randomly divided into control group( group C,n =30)and ulinastatin group( group U,n =30).Patients in ulinastatin group received intravenous injection of ulinastatin 4000 U/kg in 20 ml physiological saline immediately after entering operating room and pumped ulinastatin 2000 U/( kg · h)to the end of the operation continuously.Patients in control group received the same volume of normal saline.Heart rate ( HR ),mean arterial pressure ( MAP ),lung compliance,airway peak pressure,plateau airway pressure,inspiratory and expiratory resistance were monitored before induction of anesthesia( T1 ),during skin incision ( T2),at 30 min after operation ( T3 ) and at 60 min after operation (T4),at the end of operation before extubation(T5).ResultsCompared with T1,HR and MAP at T2 in two groups were increased obviously [ group U HR:( 90.2 ± 13.5 ) bpm vs ( 78.6 ± 10.4 ) bpm,MAP:( 15.5 ± 2.3 ) kPa vs ( 12.1 ± 1.5)kPa;group C HR:(94.3 ± 15.4)bpm vs(81.6 ± 12.2)bpm,MAP:( 16.8 ± 2.6) kPa vs( 12.6 ±1.8)kPa,P ＜ 0.05 )].There was no significant difference on HR,MAP at each time between the two groups (P ＞0.05).At T3,T4,T5,the lung compliance was significantly decreased when compared with T1 [ group U:T3,T4,TS(51.23 ± 12.33) ml/cm H2O,(50.35 ± 13.29) ml/cm H2O and(50.65 ± 13.16) ml/cm H2O vs T1 (53.69 ± 14.34) ml/cm H2O;group C:T3,T4,T5(41.56 ± 11.20)ml/cm H2O,(42.02 ± 10.12) ml/cm H2O and(39.85 ± 10.31 ) ml/cm H2O vs T1 ( 53.45 ± 15.21 ) ml/cm H2O; P ＜ 0.05 ) ].Airway peak pressure,plateau airway pressure,inspiratory and expiratory resistance at T3,T4,T5 were obviously increased compared with T1 in two groups [ airway peak pressure:group U:( 13.04 ± 2.14 ) cm H2O,( 13.12 ± 2.42 ) cm H2O,(13.22±2.48)cm H2O,vs(12.04 ±2.12)cm H2O;group C:(16.25 ±3.27)cm H2O,(15.56 ±4.34)cm H2 O,( 16.64 ± 3.45 ) cm H2O,vs ( 13.12 ± 2.32 ) cm H2O; plateau airway pressure:group U:( 10.54 ±2.46) cm H2O,( 11.76 ± 3.11 ) cm H2O,( 12.02 ± 3.25 ) cm H2 O,vs ( 9.48 ± 2.13 ) cm H2O; group C:(15.02 ±3.87)cm H2O,( 15.51 ± 3.13) cm H2O,( 15.67 ± 3.02) cm H2O,vs (9.25 ± 1.26) cm H2O;inspiratory resistance:group U:( 8.56 ± 2.52 ) cm H2O,( 9.31 ± 3.06 ) cm H2O,( 8.44 ± 2.45 ) cm H2O,vs (8.25 ±2.20)cm H2O;group C:(11.52 ±3.06)cm H2O,(12.16 ±3.02)cm H2O,(12.83 ±3.14)vs ( 8.31 ± 2.24 ) cm H2O ; expiratory resistance:group U:( 10.22 ± 2.24 ) cm H2O,( 10.34 ± 2.66 ) cm H2O,(10.27 ± 2.22) cm H2O,vs(8.46 ± 2.37) cm H2O; group C:(14.43 ±3.18)cm H2O,(14.56 ±3.32)cm H2O,( 14.46 ± 3.52 ) cm H2O,vs ( 8.55 ± 2.18 ) cm H2O; P ＜ 0.05 ) ].The increased degree of lung compliance and the decreased degree of airway peak pressure,plateau airway pressure,inspiratory and expiratory resistance at the time of T3,T4,T5 and T1 in ulinastatin group were all significantly higher than those in control group(F=6.167,3.138,4.137,5.217,4.361,respectively,P ＜0.05).ConclusionUlinastatin can improve respiratory dynamics,reduce lung injury,and play a protective role in patients with myasthenia gravis.

Effects of different anesthesia methods on inflammatory cytokines in elderly patients during peroperative period / 中国综合临床

Objective To explore the two different anesthesia methods on hemodynamics and inflammatory cytokines in elderly patients during peroperative period.MethodsFifty elderly patients with Knee Replacement( ASA Ⅰ,Ⅱ )were randomly divided into general anesthesia group( group A,n =25 ) and combined general and epidural anesthesia group( group B,n =25 ).The changes of mean arterial pressure(MAP) and heart rate ( HR ) were monitored before induction of anesthesia ( T1 ),at intubation ( T2 ),during skin incision ( T3 ) and at the time of extubation ( T4 ),at 30 min after extubation ( T5 ).Blood samples were taken from artery for determination of plasma TNF-α,IL-6,IL-10 concentrations before tourniquet inflation ( T5 ),10 min after tourniquet deflation(T6),30 min after tourniquet deflation (T7)and 30 min after operation (T8)by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).ResultsThe MAP and HR of patients in two groups at T2,T3,T4 were all increased when compared with T1 [ group A:HR:( 94.3 ± 10.4 ) bpm,( 96.4 ± 12.7 ) bpm,(93.3 ± 11.1 )bpm vs(62.6 ±7.3)bpm;MAP:( 18.8 ±3.4)kPa,( 19.6 ±3.4)kPa,( 17.8 ±2.0)kPa vs ( 14.5 ± 1.5)kPa,P＜0.05;group B:HR(76.2 ±6.5)bpm,(70.1 ± 9.7) bpm,(71.5 ± 8.3) bpm vs(64.6 ± 8.4) bpm;MAP:( 16.3 ± 2.5 ) kPa,( 15.3 ± 1.2) kPa,( 14.8 ± 1.4) kPa vs ( 14.1 ± 1.3 ) kPa,P ＜ 0.05 ].There was significant difference on MAP and H R between group A and group B( F =11.957,9.745;P ＜ 0.05 ).The level of plasma TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-10 were significantly increased at T6 to T8 compared with T5 in both groups[ groupA:TNF-α:(4.36 ±0.18) ng/L,(7.54 ± 1.23) ng/L,(10.35 ±2.21 )ng/L vs (2.26 ±0.16) ng/L; groupA:IL-6:(4.32 ±0.21 ) ng/L,( 8.35 ± 1.26 ) ng/L,( 10.23 ± 2.23 ) ng/L vs ( 1.36 ± 0.08 ) ng/L; groupA:IL-10:(5.32±1.10) ng/L,(7.56 ± 1.36) ng/L,(8.63 ± 2.21) ng/L vs (1.25 ± 0.03) ng/L; groupB:TNF-α:(3.43 ±0.06)ng/L,(5.24 ±2.10) ng/L,(7.68 ± 1.43) ng/L vs(2.22 ±0.15) ng/L;groupB:IL-6:(3.41 ±0.08 ) ng/L,(5.34 ± 1.34 ) ng/L,( 8.54 ± 2.03 ) ng/L vs ( 1.28 ± 0.04 ) ng/L; groupB:IL-10:( 7.28 ± 1.22 )ng/L,( 10.53 ± 2.14)ng/L,( 12.45 ± 2.03 )ng/L vs( 1.31 ± 0.04)ng/L,P ＜ 0.05 ].And there was significant difference on TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-10 between group A and group B( F =7.889,3.554,5.443,respectively,P ＜0.05).ConclusionCompared with general anesthesia group,combined general and epidural anesthesia group can ensure hemodynamic stability of elderly patients during peroperative period very well and can reduce the releasing of inflammatory cytokins,it is a viable and an ideal method.

Effects of different anesthesia methods on hemodynamics and the quality of palinesthesia in elderly patients during peroperative period / 中国综合临床

ObjectiveTo explore two different anesthesia methods on hemodynamics and the quality of palinesthesia in elderly patients during peroperative period.Methods Sixty elderly patients with Hip Replacement( ASA,Ⅰ,Ⅱ ) were randomly divided into general anesthesia group ( group A,n =30 ) and combined general and epidural anesthesia group( group B,n =30).The changes of mean arterial pressure(MAP)and heart rate( HR ) were monitored before induction of anesthesia( T1 ),at intubation( T2 ),during skin incision (T3) and at the time of extubation ( T4 ),at 30 min after extubation ( T5 ) and at the same time,the dosage of general anesthetics and each index's time after operation to awake were recorded of the patients in both groups.ResultsThe MAP and HR of patients in two groups at T2,T3,T4,T5 were all increased when compared with T1.And the increasing degree of MAP and HR in group A were higher than that in group B ( MAP:within group F =17.352,interaction F =4.326,between groups F =8.652; HR:within group F =11.561,interaction F =5.241 between groups F =7.248; P ＜ 0.05 ).The dosage of general anesthetics was significantly different between two groups[ sevoflurane:(1.40 ± 0.30)MAC vs (1.00 ± 0.12 )MAC,t =0.37,P＜0.05 ; fentanyl:(0.34 ±0.08)mg vs(0.18 ±0.03) mg,t =0.21,P ＜0.05 ; vecuronium:(6.20 ±0.32) mg vs(4.10 ±0.31 ) mg,t =1.24,P ＜0.05 ; propofol:(448 ±24) mg vs(393 ±26) mg,t =3.46,P ＜0.05].There was significant difference on gag reflex time [ ( 18.00 ± 1.27 ) min vs ( 12.31 ± 2.54 ) min,t =2.74,P ＜ 0.05 ],time to extubation [ ( 24.03 ± 2.42 ) min vs ( 16.05 ± 1.20 ) min,t =3.68,P ＜ 0.05 ],fully awake time [(29.54±5.24)min vs(19.25±2.64)min,t=1.35,P＜0.05] between these two groups.ConclusionThe two different anesthesia methods can ensure haemodynamic stability of elderly patients undergoing hip replacement during peroperative period.But compared with general anesthesia group,combined general and epidural anesthesia group can reduce the dosage of general anesthetics and shorten the time of extubation significantly,it is a viable and an ideal method.

Expression and clinical significance of regulatory T cells in peripheral blood and pleural effusion of the patients with lung cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To explore the characteristics and clinical significance of CD+4 CD+25 Regulatory T lymphocytes and T cell subsets in peripheral blood and malignant pleural effusion from lung cancer patients. Methods Flow cytometry was used to detect the percentage of CD+4 CD+25 regulatory T cells and T cell subsets in peripheral blood from 68 lung cancer patients and 56 healthy persons, and in pleural effusion from 32 lung cancer patients with malignant effusion. Results T lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of lung cancer patients in different periods were expressed differently. The percentage of CD+4 CD+25 regulatory T cells in peripheral blood were (19.52±3.32)%, (27.28±8.26)% and (32.31±15.60)% in Ⅰ+Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ period lung cancer patients, respectively, and were higher than that of healthy volunteers (11.12±3.32) % (t =31.0040, -7.9688, -4.9770, P ＜0.05). In the lung cancer patients with malignant effusion, the percentage of CD+4 CD+25 regulatory T cells in the pleural effusion was higher than that in the peripheral blood [(34.12±18.63) % vs (26.36± 16.25)%, t =21.164, P＜0.05]. In the lung cancer patients with malignant effusion ,the percentages of CD+4 in peripheral blood and pleural effusion were (25.32±13.45) % and (34.68±12.34) %, were lower than that in healthy volunteers (t =7.3104, 4.8818, P＜0.05), the percentages of CD+56 were (8.24±7.38) % and(11.23± 7.65) %, CD+4/CD+8 were (1.02±0.56) % and (1.32±0.82)%, were lower than (18.23±9.23) % and (1.89± 0.32) % in healthy volunteers, respectively, (CD+56: t =-14.7549, -11.7216; CD+4/CD+8: t =-24.78,-4.4564, P＜0.05). Conclusion The relative increase of CD+4 CD+25 Regulatory T cells may be related to immunosuppression and tumor progression in patients with lung cancer. Conclusion The relative increase of CD+4 CD+25 regulatory T cells may be related to immunosuppression and tumor progression in patients with lung cancer.

The measurement of radiation dosage in diagnostic x-ray device / 生物医学工程学杂志

In order to improve the diagnostic quality of X-ray device and to promote the implementation of radiation protection in accordance to the ICRU definition and ICRP classification standards for measuring radiation harm to human body, we have made a number of tests, including the kinetic energy released by ionizing air, the Half-value layer, the output dose coincidence, the High contrast resolution, the Consistency between visual light field and project X-ray field, and the Focus of X-ray tube. We have also analysed the measured data and results. The tests were conducted on the XEB150L-20 made by Shimadzu Co. in the middle of 1990s.

Expression of signal transduction pathway genes in ARDS transcription profiles of rats / 基础医学与临床

Objective To study the signal transduction pathway genes in acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) of rats by gene chip. Methods Total RNAs were isolated from lungs of normal and ARDS rats respectively. The RNAs were purified by oligotex. Both mRNAs from two kinds of tissues were reversely transcribed to cDNA with incorporation of fluorescent-labelled dUTP to prepare the hybridization probes. The mixed probes were hybridized to cDNA microarray. Picture signals of fluorescence in gene array were scanned and compared by CapitlBio Molecule Annotation System V4.0. Quantitative fluorescence RT-PCR was used to validate the results of genechip. Results The results showed that there were 2 genes up-regulated and 9 genes down-regulated in lung tissue of ARDS rats,and these genes were involved in 11 signal transduction pathways. Conclusion Many genes of signal transduction pathways expressed in ARDS transcription profiles of rats.

Observation in vitro of ulinastatin on human blood coagulation / 解放军医学杂志

0.05),while in 75U/ml,100U/ml and 200U/ml groups,PF decreased significantly(P

Effects of blood loss during operation on coagulation function in selective non-cardiovascular surgery patients / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To investigate the change in coagulation function in relation to different amounts of blood loss in selective non-cardiovascular surgery patients.Methods Twenty American Anesthesia Association (ASA) class I or Ⅱ patients,aged 23-57 yr,undergoing non-cardiovascular surgery with normal preoperative coagulation were chosen randomly.After general anesthesia,on the basis of adequate sedation and analgesia,patients were given Ringer's solution and Voluven (pre-warmed to 37℃,volume ratio of crystalloid/colloid was 1:2) to maintain the stability of heart rate,blood pressure and central venous pressure.Temperature and blood gas analysis were monitored to prevent potential interference induced by hypothermia and acidosis.When the ratio of blood loss/blood volume reached 10%,15%,20% and 25%,all the routine blood components analysis and coagubility parameters,and Sonoclot coagulation and platelet function parameters were observed.Results Preoperative average value of Hct was 38.1%,and when ratio of blood loss/blood volume were 10%,15%,20 % and 25%,Hct was decreased to 33.4%,31.5%,30.1% and 27.9% respectively.When the ratio reached 15% or larger,platelet count decreased significantly compared with preoperative value (P

MONITOR AND MODULATION OF COAGULATION DISORDER DURING THE OPERATION OF LIVER TRANSPLANTATION / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To monitor and modulate the coagulation disorder during operation in patients undergiong allogeneic liver transplantation. Methods PT, TT, APTT, FIB, HB, PLT count, sonoclot coagulation and platelet function were measured dynamically in 10 patients during anesthesia and operation. Results After coagulants were used, the above parameters pertaining to coagulation function were improved obviously. All of above coagulation parameters were severely abnormal in the period from 30 minutes before anesthesia to 20 minutes after portal vein recirculation. The hypocoagulability was significantly improved at the end of operation by target supplementation of prothrombin complex, fibrinogen, fresh platelets, and other coagulants, complementing large amount of fresh blood plasma. Notably, severe hemorrhage and thrombosis leading to re-operation did not happen in all the recepients. Conclusion The relationship of the local hypercoagubility at the anastomosis and the systemic hypocoagulation should be concerned to prevent coagulation and thrombosis during operation of liver transplantation.

Effects of dilution of blood with different amount of physiological saline in vitro on blood coagulability / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of dilution of whole blood in vitro with different amount of normal saline on blood coagulation.Methods Nineteen healthy adult volunteers were enrolled in the present study.Venous blood samples obtained from each volunteer were diluted with normal saline in saline/blood ratio(v/v) of 2∶8(20%),3∶7(30%),4∶6(40%),5∶5(50%) and 6∶4(60%).Undiluted blood was considered as control.Coagulability of each group was determined with Sonoclot coagulation and platelet function analyzer,including activated clotting time(ACT),clot rate(CR),time to peak(TP),maximal clot signal(MCS),and platelet function(PF).Results 1) ACT: Compared with control value,ACT was significantly shortened with 20% dilution(P

Laser in situ keratomileusis for myopia / 眼科新进展

Objective　To study the predictability, stability and safety of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for myopia.Methods　 Five hundred and Sixty-five eyes ( 293 patients ) were treated with the SCMD corneal shaper and laser sight Compak - 200 excimer laser and followed up for more than 6 months. These eyes were divided into 4 groups according to the degrees of myopia: Group Ⅰ:-1.50～-5.75D,120 eyes; Group Ⅱ:-6.00～-9.75D,230 eyes; Group Ⅲ:-10.00～-14.75D,148 eyes and croup Ⅳ:-15.00～-26.00D,67 eyes.Results　Six months post-operatively, mean uncorrected visual acuity of each group was 1.15±0.20, 0.92±0.22, 0.69±0.24 and 0.44±0.22 respectively; The uncorrected visual acuity of 0.5 or better was 100%, 94.6%, 85.8% and 47.7% respectively; And 1.0 or better was 91.7%, 56.7%, 18.0% , 0% respectively. Mean spherical equivalent of each group was -0.14D±0.61D, -0.43D±1.20D, -0.57D±1.47D and -1.79D±2.57D respectively. There were no serious complications. Conclusion　 LASIK is an effective and safe method for reducing myopia. But the potential complications should be noticed.

Promotion of Thrombopoiesis by rhIL-11 in Normal and Myelosuppressed Mice / 中国实验血液学杂志

Hematological effects of rhIL-11 on normal and myelosuppressed male BALB/c mice were observed. Mice were subcutaneously injected with rhIL-11 for 7 consecutive days, at the dose of 200 or 400 micro g/kg per day, peripheral blood platelet counts were moderately elevated on 5 days after administration and returned to base level within 4 days after discontinuation of injection. In myelosuppressed mice, treatment with rhIL-11 significantly ameliorated the degree of thrombocytopenia, the recovery of thrombocytopenia was also significantly accelerated at the dose range of 100 - 400 micro g/kg per day, and blood platelet counts reached pre-irradiated level after 13 - 15 days of treatment. The magnitudes of platelet count elevation were similar among groups of 100, 200 and 400 micro g/kg per day, although recovery appeared earlier in group of 400 micro g/kg per day. Significant increases in CFU-Meg were observed both in normal and myelosuppressed mice. Our results suggest that rhIL-11 promotes the increase of peripheral blood platelets both in normal and myelosuppressed mice, and can be used as a potential therapeutic agent for thrombocytopenia induced by chemotherapy.

Therapeutic Effects of rhIL-11 on Carboplatin-Induced Thrombocytopenia in Monkeys / 中国实验血液学杂志

A model of myelosuppression with thrombocytopenia was produced in monkey by i.v. administration of carboplatin to the evaluate effects of rhIL-11 treatment in monkeys. Following myelosuppression, rhIL-11 was subcutaneously injected for 19 consecutive days at the dose of 50 or 100 micro g/kg. In myelosuppressed monkeys treated with rhIL-11, peripheral blood platelet started to drop at the day 8 after the administration of carboplatin, and reaching the nadir between the day 12 - 14, the decrease in blood platelet was less severe compared with untreated monkeys; peripheral blood platelet began to recovery on day 11 - 13 (D14 - D16) after rhIL-11 treatment, and reached or surpassed the baseline value before carboplatin administration after 13 - 15 days rhIL-11 treatment. Blood platelet counts remained high level after discontinuation of rhIL-11 administration and returned to baseline after 4 days. The results demonstrated that rhIL-11 has a significant thrombopoietic activity, it can reduce the severity of thrombocytopenia as well as shorten the duration of thrombocytopenia caused by myeloablastive agents, and is likely to become an effective agent against thrombocytopenia induced by chemotherapy.

The influence of propofol on blood and cerebrospinal fluid lactic acid and glucose levels after traumatic brain injury in rabbits / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective Blood lactic acid(LA) and glucose(Glu) level are important parameters of anaerobic glycolysis and can be used to assess the severity of brain injury and cerebral metabolism. The purpose of this study was to evaluate effect of propofol on traumatic brain injury by measuring blood and CSF level of LA and Glu in addition to microscopic and NSE immunohistochemical examination of brain tissue. Methods Ninety New Zealand rabbits weighing 2.6-3.0 kg were used . Traumatic brain injury model was established according to Wang's method. Part Ⅰ . Twenty rabbits were divided into two groups of ten animal each. Blood and CSF samples were taken before and 4h, 24h, 48h, 72h and 1 week after trauma for determination of LA and Glu levels. Propofol group received propofol 30mg' kg-1?h-1 infusion for 30 min in addition to ketamine 1mg/kg before each collection of samples. PartⅡ . Seventy rabbits were divided into seven groups with ten animals in each group. Brain tissues were taken before and 24h, 72h, and 1 week after trauma for microscopic and NES immunohistochemical examination. Propofol group received infusion of 30 propofol mg kg-1 h-1 for 30 mm every day. In control group animals received same amount of normal saline. Results Blood and CSF levels of LA increased significantly after trauma in both groups but were significantly higher in control group than those in propofol group at corresponding intervals. Blood and CSF Glu levels decreased significantly in control group after trauma but in propofol group blood Glu level decreased only at 4h and 24h after trauma and CSF Glu level at 24h after trauma. There was significant difference in blood and CSF levels of Glu after trauma between the two groups. In both groups microscopic examination of brain tissue showed hemorrhage, degeneration, decrease in glial cells and vacuolization of some neuron in brain tissue of injured and surrounding areas at 24h after trauma, infiltration of neutrophils at 72h after trauma and cerebral interstitial edema and glial cell proliferation at 1 week after trauma. Neurons showed no NSE expression. In propofol group the above mentioned changes were relatively slight. Conclusions Propofol can significantly reduce blood and CSF LA levels after trauma and protect the animal from traumatic brain injury. Further studies are needed on the dosage and method of administration of propofol.