ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the complications of spastic cerebral palsy with selective posterior rhizotomy (SPR).Methods:In the study, 2 593 patients who had undergone SPR from January 2000 to September 2012 were followed-up for at least one year .The complications were classified .Results:Peri-operative complications:pulmonary system complications including bronchial spasm (5 cases, 0.19%) and aspiration pneumonia (4 cases, 0.15%);digestive system complications including abdominal bloa-ting (145 cases, 5.6%) and colic (80 cases, 3.1%);urinary system complications including tempora-ry bladder dysfunction (54 cases, 2.1%) and urinary tract infection (6 cases, 0.23%); peripheral nervous system complications including lower extremity weakness ( 327 cases, 12.6%) and lower extremity sensory disturbances ( 140 cases, 5.4%); central nervous system complications including headache (112 cases, 4.3%) and epileptic seizures (4 cases, 0.15%).None spinal or intracranial in-fection, intraspinal hematoma or intracranial hemorrhage were identified .General surgery complications including back pain (1 382 cases, 53.3%), delay wound healing caused by infection (5 cases, 0.19%) and cerebrospinal fluid leakage (8 cases, 0.31%).Long-term follow-up complications inclu-ding lower limb decreased exercise capacity ( incidence: 7.33%) and lower extremity sensory distur-bance (incidence:5.59%).Urination occurred in only one case and defecation function disturbance with no sexual dysfunction was identified .The incidences of scoliosis , thoracic kyphosis , spondylolisthe-sis and long-term back pain were 7.23%(31/429), 4.2%(18/429), 10.49%(45/429) and 9.72%respectively .Conclusion:SPR is one of the effective and safe surgical treatments for spastic cerebral pal-sy.Valid methods should be applied to reduce the incidence of postoperative complications , such as choosing the appropriate patients , meticulously operating in the surgery , assistance of electrophysiological guidance , reinforcing perioperative management and regular rehabilitation training after operation .
ABSTRACT
Objective: To study the chemical constituents in the whole herb of Coreopsis lanceolata and to investigate the antibacterial activity. Methods: The compounds in the whole herb of C. lanceolata were isolated and purified by column chromatography and identified based on spectral analyses (MS, NMR). The antibacterial activities of compounds 1-8 were screened. Results: Fifteen compounds including eight sesquiterpenes were isolated from the chloroform fraction in the whole herb of C. lanceolata and were identified as 1β, 5α-diangeloyloxy-eudesm-(15)-ene (1), 1β, 6α-dihydroxyeudesm-4(15)-ene (2), 10α-hydroxyoplopan-4-one (3), (7R*)-opposit-4(15)-ene-1β, 7-diol (4), (7R*)-opposit-4(15)-ene-1β, 8-diol (5), (7R*)-opposit-4(15)-ene-1β, 11-diol (6), (7R*)-opposit-4(15)-ene-1β, 7α-diol (7), 4(15)-eudesmene-1β, 7α-diol (8), p-hydroxy cinamic acid (9), 3-methoxy4-hydroxy-benzoic acid (10), methyl-p-hydroxybenzoate (11), 3, 4-dihydroxy-benzaldehyde (12), β-sitosterol (13), friedeline (14), and friedelinol (15). Conclusion: Compounds 1-15 are obtained from the whole herb of C. lanceolata for the first time. The bioassays show that the compounds 3 and 4 have the stronger inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Yupingfeng, a traditional Chinese complex prescription, has been used efficaciously in China for the cure and prevention of inflammatory diseases related to immunodeficiency such as allergic rhinitis and chronic bronchitis. However, the active components of this prescription remain unclear. The present study focused on investigating the antiinflammatory and immunoregulatory effects of the glucosidic extract from Yupingfeng.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We tested animal models for ear swelling induced by dimethylbenzene in mice; palm swelling induced by carregeenin and granuloma induced by cotton pellet in rats; level of haemolysin, antibody generation by the splenic cells, delayed hypersensitivity and T cell subsets in spleen of immunosuppressed mice.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Glucosidic extract of 24 mg/kg, 48 mg/kg and 96 mg/kg significantly inhibited mice's ear swelling induced by dimethylbenzene. Similarly glucosidic extract of 16 mg/kg, 32 mg/kg and 64 mg/kg inhibited rats' palm swelling induced by carregeenin and granuloma induced by cotton pellet. Glucosidic extract of 24 mg/kg, 48 mg/kg and 96 mg/kg improved the IgM level in serum and level of haemolysin in splenocytes in mice immunosuppressed by cyclophosphamide. Delayed hypersensitivity in mice suppressed by cyclophosphamide was enhanced by glucosidic extract of 24 mg/kg, 48 mg/kg and 96 mg/kg. These results suggested that Yupingfeng could recover humoral and cellular immune function in mice with immunosuppression. Glucosidic extract of 48 mg/kg and 96 mg/kg significantly resisted the immunosuppressive mice ear swelling and maintained it at nearly normal level. The enhanced, delayed hypersensitivity actions of glucosidic extract, suppressed by cyclophosphamide, might be brought about by inducing TH cell and regulating T lymphocytes subset.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The glucosidic extract from Yupingfeng has antiinflammatory and immunoregulation action, suggesting that these glucosides are the principal active components of the traditional Chinese prescription Yupingfeng.</p>